Vegetables

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Identification of CRa and CRb Molecular Markers of Clubroot Resistance Gene in Chinese Cabbage

YANG Zheng, YANG Xiao-yun, ZHANG Qing-xia, SI Chao-guang, ZHANG Shu-xia, WANG Yuan

2015, 30(2): 87-92. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2015.02.016

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The objective of this study was to use 2 gene molecular markers of clubroot resistance from Chinese cabbage (SC2930 and KBrH129J18R), to identify clubroot resistance genes in 78 resources of Chinese cabbage.The results showed that there were 34 resources with SC2930 resistance marker in 78 resources.Including 17 heterozygous loci materials and 17 homozygous loci materials.37 resources had KBrH129J18R resistance marker.Including 22 heterozygous loci materials and 15 homozygous loci materials.20 resources hadn't the resistance markers of CRa or CRb.23 resources had both 2 resistance markers.The study defined the clubroot resistance gene types of CRa and CRb in the 78 resources, and provided a material basis of breeding for clubroot resistance in Chinese cabbage.

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Research Process of Resistance to Cucumber Mosaic Virus in Pepper

GUO Guang-jun, DIAO Wei-ping, LIU Jin-bing, PAN Bao-gui, GE Wei, WANG Shu-bin

2014, 29(S1): 77-84. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2014.S1.017

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Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) disease is one of the most destructive diseases for pepper producing.The improvement of pepper resistance to CMV is one of the main breeding targets.Molecular marker-assisted selection breeding can overcome defects of traditional breeding and expedites the process of breeding.The development of molecular marker depends on the basic research.Accomplishment of capsicum genome is an opportunity for research of pepper resistance to CMV.So this paper reviews about damage of CMV,evaluation method of resistance to CMV,genetic analysis of resistance and resistance genes mapping,in order to provide some reference for future study of resistance to CMV and CMV-resistant breeding.

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Development of Molecular Markers Linked to a Novel QTL for TuMV-C4 Resistance in Brassica rapa L.ssp. pekinensis

TIAN Xi-hui, YU Shuan-cang, SU Tong-bing, ZHANG Feng-lan, YU Yang-jun, ZHANG De-shuang, ZHAO Xiu-yun, WANG Wei-hong

2014, 29(6): 1-5. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2014.06.001

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Our research constructed a molecular genetic map with a line 91-112 (highly resistant to TuMV-C4),a highly susceptible line T12-19 and the DH population derived from microspore culture of F₁ (91-112×T12-19).A total of 45 markers were mapped to the A09 chromosome,and a new QTL-BrTuA09 controlling TuMV-C4 resistance was identified.On this basis,27 pairs of primers were designed by screening the InDel loci on A09 chromosome of Chinese cabbage based on genome re-sequencing.The results showed that distinct PCR amplification products were obtained from the InDel markers.Among these markers,11 InDel were polymorphic on the tested parent materials,and mapped to the A09 chromosome.By linkage analysis,these markers were tightly linked to the QTL-BrtuA09.The studies showed that these markers can be applied in marker-assisted selection in Chinese cabbage hybrid breeding programs and improve the resistance to TuMV-C4.

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Genome-wide Identification and Expression Analysis of SHMT Gene Family in Watermelon

SU Chaijing, ZHANG Weihua, SONG Jiaxin, LI Mingxuan, DENG Man, CHI Ming, WU Ying

2024, 39(6): 47-54. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.20195203

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Serine hydroxymethyltransferase(SHMT),as an important enzyme involved in basic metabolism,plays an important role in plant cell metabolism,photorespiration and defense activities.To understand the bioinformatics function of the SHMT gene family in watermelon,explore its gene expression characteristics under abiotic stress,and provide a basis for the functional development of watermelon SHMT and the breeding of watermelon stress-resistance genes.Bioinformatics methods were used to identify SHMT family,and RT-qPCR was used to analyze the expression patterns of ClSHMTs in different tissues and abiotic stresses.The results showed that 8 ClSHMTs gene family members were identified in the whole genome of watermelon,which were unevenly distributed on 6 chromosomes and named ClSHMT1—ClSHMT8 in turn.There were some differences in the physical and chemical properties of each gene family member,such as the number of amino acids,molecular weight,isoelectric point.The protein contained 471—585 amino acids,with molecular weight of 51.87—65.00 ku and isoelectric point of 6.57—8.52,all of which were hydrophilic proteins.The subcellular localization prediction was mainly distributed on mitochondria.Gene structure and protein conserved motifs analysis showed that the ClSHMTs structure consisted of 4—15 exons and 3—14 introns,and all ClSHMTs contained conserved SHMT domains.Furtherly,phylogenetic analysis with 6 species such as cucumber and wheat showed that 50 SHMTs were divided into 3 sub-families,Group Ⅰ—Ⅲ.Promoter of ClSHMTs contained cis-acting elements related to light response,plant hormone response and stress response.The expression pattern analysis showed that 6 ClSHMTs were expressed in different tissues of watermelon,and the expression levels of ClSHMT1,ClSHMT4,ClSHMT5,ClSHMT8 in leaves were significantly higher than those in other tissues.Under low temperature,drought and salt stress,the expression abundance of ClSHMTs varies,but the expression was mainly up-regulated.In conclusion,this study systematically analyzed the SHMT gene family in watermelon,and will provide a reference for the further study of the biological functions of ClSHMTs.

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Effect of Salt Stress on Seedling Growth and Transcription of RsCAT and RsSOD Genes in Radish

WANG Qingbiao, WANG Yanping, LINGHU Bo, QIAN Huihui, ZHAO Qiuju, ZHANG Li

2021, 36(6): 1-6. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.20192155

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The effect of different concentrations salt stress on seedling growth and expression of related genes were explored in this study. Firstly, salt tolerant variety Yura Hama Daikon and susceptible variety Wujinhong were selected according to germination under salt stress conditions among 11 cultivars.And then the seedling height(SH) and the leaf scorch index(LSI) of Yura Hama Daikon and Wujinhong were investigated under salt stress treatment.The results showed that SH decreased and LSI increased under salt stress in both varieties.Compared with the salt-sensitive variety Wujinhong,the salt-tolerant variety Yura Hama Daikon had a smaller decrease in SH and lower LSI.Under 200 mmol/L salt stress,SH and LSI of salt-tolerant Yura Hama Daikon were 46.18% and 20.56,respectively,while those of salt-sensitive Wujinhong were 75.25% and 56.11.The transcription of RsCAT and RsSOD genes was studied in salt-tolerant and susceptible varieties under different salt concentrations by qPCR.The expression of RsCAT gene was first increased and then decreased under low salt concentration treatment,and reached the maximum at 7 day.When treated with high salt concentration,the transcription of RsCAT in Wujinhong was the highest at 48 h,while the expression level in salt-tolerant varieties increased gradually and maintained for a longer time,reaching the highest at 7 day.After high salt concentration treatment,the transcription of RsSOD gene reached the highest expression level at 24 hours,and then maintained a higher level in salt-tolerant variety.In salt-sensitive varieties,the maximum expression level of RsSOD appeared at 14 day.The above results will lay foundation for revealing the mechanism of salt stress in radish and provide technical support for radish salt-tolerant breeding.

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Differencial Expression of Fertility-related Proteins in Chinese Cabbage

BI Qing, ZHOU Xue, JI Rui-qin, FENG Hui

2015, 30(2): 128-131. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2015.02.023

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To better understand the molecular mechanisms of multiple-allele-inherited male sterility in Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L.ssp pekinensis), the iTRAQ quantitation technique based on mass spectrometry were used to study the differencial expression between proteins fertile- and sterile-buds.This research would provide the basis for analyzing the molecular mechanism of multiple-allele-inherited male sterility in Chinese cabbage.In this research, a total of 358 differencial expressed proteins (226 up-expressed and 132 down-expressed proteins in fertile buds) were found and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that the proteins identified data has better coverage of biological functions.It is verified by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE).This results is consistent with iTRAQ technique, which indicated that using iTRAQ to analyze protein profile is reliable.

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Study on Optimization of Agrobacterium -mediated Transformation System of Cucumber

LI Lei, MENG Yong-jiao, ZHANG Lu, LOU Qun-feng, LI Ji, QIAN Chun-tao, CHEN Jin-feng

2015, 30(5): 115-121. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2015.05.019

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For the purpose of improving the efficiency of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of cucumber,the most suitable genotype was selected from Asian ecotype Changchunmici and European ecotype Poinset76 and Marketmore76.And then the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system of cucumber was optimized with changing medium curing agent and adding antioxidant and organic additive into medium in different culture stage.The results indicated that the resistant buds differentiation of Changchunmici was the best of the three cucumber genotypes,Poinset76 and Marketmore76 were poorer.The resistant buds induction rates of three genotypes on medium gelled with gellan gum were increased by 28.21,19.71 and 15.39 percentage points respectively compared with those on medium gelled with agar.Adding 50 mg/L α-lipoic acid into co-culture medium could make the resistant buds induction rates of Changchunmici up to 66.67% and number of shoots per explants up to 1.32.Similarly,when adding 1.5 g/L casein hydrolysate into selection culture medium,the resistant buds induction rate and number of shoots per explants of Changchunmici were the highest,67.15% and 1.42 respectively.In conclusion,this article gained the optimization of transformation system that was using Changchunmici as appropriate genotype and gellan gam as medium curing agent,then adding 50 mg/L α-lipoic acid into co-culture medium or 1.5 g/L casein hydrolysate into selection culture medium based on previous Agrobacterium -mediated transformation system.This optimized transformation system very significantly improved the resistant buds induction rate and number of shoots per explants of cucumber and promoted the process of cucumber transformation.

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The Research Advances on Sex Differentiation of Cucumber Flower Bud

ZHANG Wei, LI Xi-xiang

2015, 30(S1): 74-80. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2015.S1.014

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Although the genetic background of cucumber is narrow,its sex types are diverse and abundant.Therefore, cucumber is the model plant for sex differentiation study.From morphology to cytology and from classical genetics to molecular biology,researchers have done a lot of important researches on cucumber sex differentiation.It was revealed that the genetic basis of major sex types and the molecular regulation mechanism of ethylene metabolic pathway as main line.But the mechanism of sex differentiation of cucumber flowers and diversification of the sex types still couldn't be completely elucidated.In recent years,the rapid development of genomics,epigenetics and miRNA provided new perspectives and technologies for deeply clarifying the mechanisms of sex differentiation.The further comprehensive analyses would provide theoretic and technical support for regulating sex differentiation in cucumber cultivation of high and stable yield and the molecular breeding for sex type improvement of cucurbitaceae crops.

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Identification and Main Biological Characteristics of Sclerotinia Rot Pathogen in Chinese Cabbage

SUN Jing-xian, ZHANG Lu-gang

2015, 30(S1): 321-328. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2015.S1.058

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In order to clarify the pathogen type of Chinese cabbage Sclerotinia rot and further study its main biological characteristics,A strain XN001 of Chinese cabbage Sclerotinia rot was isolated from Chinese cabbage plant infected by pathogen and identified its type through pathogenicity test,morphology observation and analysis of nucleotide sequence of internal transcribed spacer (ITS).In addition,the main biological characteristics of pathogen were also studied by changing culturing conditions of mycelial and sclerotia.The results showed that:The pathogen of Chinese cabbage Sclerotinia rot was as same as Sclerotinia rot of colza and both of them were Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.It was suitable for strain XN001 growing when the pH value was between 4 to 11,the favourable pH value for mycelium growth was 4;The optimal temperature for its mycelium growth was between 20 ℃ and 25 ℃;The optimal temperature for inducing sclerotia germination was between 4 ℃ and 10 ℃,and the sclerotia germination was best when treated for between 3 and 5 weeks under 4 ℃;It was suitable for sclerotia germination when the culturing temperature was between 15 ℃ and 25 ℃ after low temperature treated.Obviously,the pathogen of Chinese cabbage Sclerotinia rot was S.sclerotiorum,it was suitable for growth at the conditions of acid and ambient temperature and the germination of sclerotia need low temperature induction.

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Cloning and Expression Analysis of a NAC Transcription Factor SlNAC 80 in Tomato

LIU Hui, WANG Tao-tao, ZHANG Jun-hong, OUYANG Bo, LI Han-xia

2015, 30(1): 77-83. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2015.01.013

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To further understand the molecular characterization and expression patterns of SlNAC80, we cloned this gene from tomato SlNAC 80 contains an open reading frame of 1 023 bp encoding a protein of 340 amino acids.The molecular weight and isoelectric point of SlNAC80 protein was 38.19 kDa and 5.27, respectively.SlNAC80 contains a typical NAC domain in the N-terminal, which consists of five subdomains (A to E).Quantitative Real-time PCR (qPCR) analysis showed that SlNAC80 was expressed in all tested tomato tissues, with the highest in green fruits and old leaves, and the lowest in red ripe fruits.Promoter sequence analysis indicated that there were many cis-acting regulatory elements involved in response to hormones (ABA, GA, SA and ETH) and abiotic stresses (cold, dehydration and salt stresses), such as ERELEE4, GARE1OSREP1, LTRE1HVBLT49, GT1GMSCAM4, MYB1AT, MYCATERD1, MYCATRD22, WBOXNTERF3, WRKY71OS, and etc.The qPCR analysis also demonstrated that the expression of SlNAC80 was induced by cold, drought, salt, methyl viologen, ABA and ethephon treatments.These results suggest that SlNAC80 may play important roles in regulating abiotic stress responses in tomato.

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Effects of Salt Stresses on Seed Germination and Growth of Tomato Seedlings

SU Shi, LIAN Wei-wei, YANG Wen-jie, ZHENG Qing-song

2006, 21(5): 24-27. https://doi.org/10.3321/j.issn:1000-7091.2006.05.007

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Effects of NaCl stress on seed germination,growth and ionic absorption and distribution of tomato seedlings were studied.Results showed that 25-100 mmol/L NaCl didn't decrease seed germination rate,but delayed the date of seed germination.125-225 mmol/L NaCl obviously decreased seed germination rate and no seed germinated during 250-300 mmol/L.25-300 mmol/L NaCl significantly inhibited seedling growth and decreased dry matter accumulation.Na⁺ was mainly accumulated in stem and root of the seedlings and with lower content in leaves;Cl^- was mainly distributed in stem.K⁺ content in leaves exposed to salinity increased remarkabledly,and absorption of S-(K,Na) in root and transportation of S-(K,Na) in leaves were uniformly promoted obviously.It suggested that higher selectivity of tomato to K⁺ during ion absorption and transportion made tomato with salt-tolerance.

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Cloning and Expression of SlCaM3,SlCaM4 and SlCaM5 Genes under Cold Stress in Tomato

WANG Peng, TIAN Zhejuan, ZHAO Xuefang, KANG Chen, WU Zhiming, LI Yadong, HUANG Jinan

2023, 38(2): 75-84. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.20193489

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Calmodulin is an important Ca²⁺ receptor protein in plants,which plays an important role in calcium signaling pathway and stress resistance.It is of great significance to study the mechanism of CaM protein in tomato under low temperature stress for cold tolerance breeding of tomato.Tomato calmodulin genes SlCaM3, SlCaM4 and SlCaM5 were cloned from tomato varieties Heinz1706,LA3969,Jifen 2,Jifen 3 and Nongbofenba 15,and their sequences and protein sequences were analyzed by bioinformatics;the cis acting elements in the promoter regions of SlCaM3,SlCaM4 and SlCaM5 were analyzed by plantcare;Quantitative Real-time PCR was used to analyze the expression patterns of SlCaM3,SlCaM4 and SlCaM5 under 15,5 ℃ temperature stress in different tomato varieties,and the specific expression of SlCaM3,SlCaM4 and SlCaM5 in different tissues was analyzed in combination with RNA-seq data.The results showed that the coding sequence of SlCaM3,SlCaM4 and SlCaM5 were 450 bp,and their similarity was 93.63%;the encoded amino acid sequences were identical,belonging to acidic stable hydrophilic protein with typical conservative domain of cam protein.The analysis of cis acting elements showed that the promoter regions of the three genes contained not only the necessary core elements,but also a variety of biotic and abiotic stress response elements,and showed a complementary pattern.The analysis of the expression patterns of different degrees of low temperature stress showed that the expression patterns of SlCaM3,SlCaM4 and SlCaM5 in five tomato materials showed a trend of first decreasing and then increasing at 15 ℃,and the expression of SlCaM5 increased more significantly.At 5 ℃,SlCaM3 and SlCaM4 did not change significantly,but the expression level of SlCaM5 gene increased significantly in the later stage of treatment.The high expression of SlCaM5 gene in the process of tomato resistance to low temperature indicated that it maintained the translation level of cam protein under low temperature and ensured that the function of CaM protein was not affected.The analysis of SlCaM3,SlCaM4 and SlCaM5 specific expression in different tissues of Heinz1706 showed that SlCaM3 and SlCaM4 were highly expressed in meristem,while the expression of SlCaM5 different tissues was not significantly different.

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The Biocontrol Effects of Pseudomonas in the Rhizosphere of Tomatoes

YUE Dong-xia, ZHANG Yao-wu

2009, 24(5): 210-213. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2009.05.044

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The colonization and biocontrol effects of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria-Pseudomonads in the rhizosphere of tomatoes were investigated.Pseudomonas CBT1 can colonize the rhizosphere of cucumbers by the methods of seed soaking and root watering.The antimicrobial activity results showed that some isolates suppressed the mycelial growth of B.cinerea and F.oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum,the highest inhibitory rate was 89.1% and 65.6%,respectively.The efficient isolates were tested and found relative control effects on grey mold and fusarium wilt diseases of cucumber were 44.0%-67.7% and 47.7%-55.4% in pot experiments,respectively.

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The Synergism of the Mixtures of Dimethomorph and Chlorothalonil to Phytophthora capsici

QI Yong-zhi, ZHANG Xiao-feng, WANG Wen-qiao, ZHAO Wei-song, MA Zhi-qiang, HAN Xiu-ying

2010, 25(S1): 279-284. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2010.S1.063

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The synergistic effects of the mixtures of Dimethomorph with Chlorothalonil were tested against Phytophthora capsici Leonian at different stage,in vitro. The results showed that the mixtures of Dimethomorph with Chlorothalonil at the ratio of 1 to 11,in the 11 mixed preparations,was synergistic in inhibiting the formation of sporangium,the germination of zoospores and mycelium growth,and the synergistic ratios (SR) of the mixtures of the two compounds were respectively 1. 54,2. 37 and 1. 86. The SR of the mixtures at the ratio of 1 to 9,in inhibiting the germination of zoospores,and 11 to 1,in inhibiting the mycelium growth,were respectively 1. 59 and 1. 50. At the same time,the Protective efficacy and the duration of efficacy of Mixtures of Dimethomorph and Chlorothalonil were tested respectively at the best ratios of 1 to 11 and 11 to 1. The Protective efficacy of the mixtures at the ratio of 11 to 1,with the concentrations of 10,5 and 1 mg /L,was obviously stronger than the independent's at the same concentrations. The relative control effect at the concentrations 10 mg /L was still as high as 67. 50% after 14 days.There was also a significant difference between the mixtures at the ratio of 1 to 11 and Dimethomorph with a higher protective efficacy and a longer duration of effectiveness for 2 to 3 days at the concentrations 10 mg /L. Compared with the same concentration of Chlorothalonil,the preventive efficacy was also relatively higher.

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Study on Induction and Characterization of Tetraploid Plants in Pumpkin

LIU Ze-fa, MIN Zi-yang, SUN Xiao-wu, CHENG Juan, HU Yi-hong

2015, 30(5): 125-129. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2015.05.021

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In order to explore the method of inducing the tetraploid plants and expand the new resources in pumpkin,the seeds of diploid pumpkin (C.maxima Duch.) M10-13-09 were soaked in 2.0 mg/mL concentration of colchicine and 0.05 mg/mL concentration of Oryzalin to successfully induce tetraploid plants.The morphological and physiological difference between diploid and tetraploid were investigated.The results indicated that Oryzalin was more efficient to induce tetraploid than colchicine,and their mutation rates were 0.83% and 0.33% respectively.Compared with diploid pumpkin,the growth period of tetraploid was prolonged and the plant characterized by small and thick leaves,descended female flower node position,thicker filament,and woolly dark corolla.The tetraploid fruit peel became dark with wide ribs.The transverse and longitudinal diameter of tetraploid seeds was 1.0 cm and 1.2 cm,increased 66.7% and 20% than that of diploid.The diploid seeds germination ability became more poor with dark color and number of seeds decreased from 122.0 to 30.3 per fruit.The photosynthetic rate(Pn)and transpiration rate(Tr)increased 90% and 20%.The bleeding intensity and root activity of tetraploid pumpkin were higher than those of diploid plants.The total flavonoids content of tetraploid fruits increased 50%.

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Allelopathy of Garlic Bulb Aqueous Extracts on Cucumber Seedling Growth

DONG Lin-lin, LI Zhen-dong, WANG Qian

2008, 23(S2): 47-50. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2008.S2.010

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Effect of garlic bulb aqueous extracts on cucumber germination, seedling growth and physiological index were studied by bioassay tests and pot plant ing. The results showed that inhibition of cucumber shoot length and root length were significantly increased with increasing extract concentrations, while inhibition of germination rate was pro?? nounced at 40mg/ mL. Aqueous extracts promoted cucumber seedling growth, increased contents of soluble sugar, protein, Vc and chlorophyll and improved POD, SOD and CAT act ivities at the range of 20 mg/ mL,while high extract concentra?? tions inhibited cucumber seedling growth, POD, SOD and CAT activities and decreased contents of soluble sugar, protein, Vc and chlorophyll. The contents of MDA presented V with extract concentrat ions which were decreased to 13. 7% at 10 mg/ mL. Garlic bulb aqueous extracts were benefit for cucumber seedlings at the range of 20 mg/ mL.

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SSR Markers Linked to the Resistant Gene of Cucumber Powdery Mildew

ZHANG Hai-ying, WANG Zhen-guo, MAO Ai-jun, ZHANG Feng, WANG Yong-jian, XU Yong

2008, 23(6): 77-80. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2008.06.017

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Powdery mildew was one of the major diseases inCucumis sativus L.production.In order to establish its molecular marker-assisted selection system,we aimed to identify molecular markers linked to the resistant gene.With a F-population between a resistant parent(WIS2757)and susceptible parent(19032),we found two codominant SSR markers SSR97.200 and SSR273-300 were linked to the powdery mildew resistant gene,the genetic distances was 5,13 cM respectively.These SSR markers could be useful in marker-assisted selection in cucumber breeding.

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Cloning and Functional Analysis of Different Truncated U3 Promoters in Tomato

PU Yan, LIU Xiaodong, AERZU GULI·Ta shi, WEI Qian, LIU Chao

2019, 34(1): 33-39. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.201750912

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It is necessary for us to clone some endogenous promoters with high transcription activity in tomato leaves and construct CRISPR/Cas9 system, which could provide an effective technology for the research of molecular design breeding in tomato. Six different truncated tomato U3 promoters had cloned by two rounds of PCR amplification from tomato variety Zhongshu 4. Six GUS fusion expression vectors were constructed and transformed into tomato leaves by the agroinfiltration. After right sequencing of the transfer PCR products, the necessary element for transcriptional function of six kinds of SlU3 promoter was analyzed using DNAMAN software. The different truncated SlU3-1P,SlU3-3P and SlU3-4P promoters from tomato variety Zhongshu 4 were performed to clone by two rounds of PCR amplification, altogether there were six different promoters. Lengths were 489,318,450,248,457,248 bp respectively. Six GUS fusion expression vectors were constructed and transformed into tomato leaves.The promoter sequence alignment analysis revealed that the tomato U3 promoter, like the Arabidopsis U3 promoter, also contained two more conserved elements, the USE and TATA boxes, and the positions between the two elements were relatively fixed.Transfected tomato leaves by agroinfiltration transformation method. The results showed that the six truncated U3 promoters could drive GUS expression in tomato leaves and tomato leaves could be stained blue and the shorter promoters also had stronger transcription activity as original promoters.Six different tomato U3 promoters had cloned with high-level transcription in tomato leaves, which could provide ideal endogenetic promoters for the construction of CRISPR/Cas9 system for tomato functional genomics research.

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Analysis of Sequences and Variation Sites of Fusarium Wilt Resistance Gene FOC1 in Brassica oleracea

LEI Lei, MA Jian, LV Honghao, XIE Jianming, YU Jihua, KANG Jungen

2016, 31(3): 1-10. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2016.03.001

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The aim of this study was to uncover the specific SNPs of fusarium wilt resistance gene FOC1 of Brassica oleracea, which will lay the foundation for the development of specific molecular markers in the future.Based on the identification of fusarium wilt resistance in 11 cabbage inbred lines,the variations of gene sequences and amino acid sequences of FOC1 and its alleles in 11 cabbage materials were analyzed.Results showed that there were 92 SNPs and 2 Indels between these sequences,including 18 specific SNPs related to fusarium wilt resistance,of which 86.11% were transition mutations and 13.89% were transversion mutations.The nucleotide substitutions of T/C (47.22%) and G/A (38.89%) showed higher mutation rates,while C/G and A/C accounting for about 13.89%.In addition,the four specific SNPs identified between the susceptible and resistant cabbage materials led to the variations of three amino acids.

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Pathogen Identification and Two Inoculation Method of Fusarium Crown and Root Rot

ZHANG Shangqing, HAN Xiaoqing, MIAO Zuoqing, WU Zhihui, ZHANG Lijiao

2017, 32(5): 124-129. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2017.05.019

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In order to identify the pathogenic fungi which causing tomato bacterial wilt in Fengnan District of Hebei Province.This study proved the disease as Bipolaris sorokiniana by pathogen isolation,pathogenicity test,morphological observation,and rDNA-ITS gene sequence analyses was caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.radicis-lycopersici(Forl).The result showed that the mortality and morbidity of stem based inoculation were higher than root soaking inoculation.So,the disease with stem based inoculation developed faster.The study provided theoretical basis for the breeding of disease resistance and the screening of the fungicides.

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Constructing Genetic Linkage Map of Chinese Cabbage with Double Haploid (DH) Population

LIU Jun-feng, ZHANG Bin, LI Mei, LIU Li, WEN Feng-ying

2015, 30(2): 156-160. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2015.02.028

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A molecular genetic map of Chinese cabbage was constructed, whose aim that the location and analysis of QTL of tipburn in Chinese.The map was constructed based on 74 InDels markers and 37 SSRs markers using DNA samples extracted from a doubled haploid population obtained through microspore culture from the F₁ between two homozygous parents:B120 and Black 227.By using JoinMap 4.0 software analysis, the map consisted 12 linkage groups, included 108 genetic markers and covered 1 004.7 cM with an average distance of 9.30 cM.The map would be used effectively to QTL location of tipburn in Chinese cabbage.

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Identification of Nonbitter Germplasm by SSR Markers in Cucumber

ZHANG Li-jie, MA Yan-chao, LI Kang, DONGFANG Yang, WANG Jian-she

2015, 30(2): 140-144. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2015.02.025

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Identifying non-bitter germplasms and breeding non-bitter varieties are effective to control bitterness as well as to improve qualities in cucumber.In this study, SSR02309 marker linked to foliage bitter gene and SSR10795 marker linked to fruit bitter gene were used to identify the marker genotypes of 78 cucumber germplasm resources.The result showed genetic variation of marker genotypes exist among different germplasms and within same germplasms as well.The marker genotypes of 78 germplasms were confirmed, and 7 non-bitter cucumber varieties were preliminary identified by using the 2 markers.The sensory evaluation results by tasting such 7 cucumber varieties were consistent with the molecular identification results.This study laid technical and germplasm foundation for improving non-bitter cucumber varieties.

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Analysis of the Agronomic Traits in Melon(Cucumis melo L .)F2 Populations

BAIGe, WANGZhi-min, LIXiu-xiu

https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2009.S1.025

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We have analyzed internode length,leaf width,leaf length,and other six traits in an F2 population of a cross between J28 -1 -4 -2(H)-2 -2 -1 and DC -4 -1 -7 -2 -1 -4 -1 -1 -1 using variance analysis,correlation analysis and path analysis.The results show that all traits,expect internode length which gives a bimodal distribution,give approximately normal distributions in the F2 population,indicating that they are controled by QTLs.The bimodal distribution of internode length ,which is different from previously reports,suggests that it is controlled by more than one gene.The correlation among all traits investigated are highly significant.Path analysis indicates that internode length has a minor effect on fruit weight.The significant correlation coeffcient between internode length and fruit weight may caused by other traits ,which suggest the internode length may not affect the fruit weight.It will provide the theory for melon short internode breeding.

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Colonization Observation and Control Efficiency Test against Cabbage Wilt Disease of GFP Tagged Bacillus subtilisKct99

TIAN Zhao-feng, LIU Wei-cheng, DONG Dan, LI Yong-dan, ZHANG Tao-tao, LIU De-wen

2012, 27(6): 53-57. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-7091.2012.06.012

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Marked strain gfp-Kct99 with luminous phenotype fluorescent was obtained by transmitting plasmid pGFP4412 containing green fluorescent protein gene． The heredity test showed that the stability of plasmid pGFP4412 in engineering strains was 89%; The confrontation culture and pot experiment proved that marked strain gfp-Kct99 maintained the original antagonistic activity to cabbage fusarium oxysporium; The control efficiency of the marked and wild strains were 87． 7% and 90． 2% against cabbage wilt disease respectively when they were vaccinated 5 d ahead of pathogenic bacteria，no significant differences between the two strains，but significantly superior to that of the two treatments when the antagonistic and Pathogenic bacteria were vaccinated simultaneously or the antagonistic bacteria was vaccinated 5 d later． The results showed that the activity of the marked strain gfp-Kct99 against cabbage blight was not influenced by GFP marking． Observing by fluorescence microscope showed that the marked strain was able to colonize in the root skin of the cabbage to stop the invasion of the pathogen．

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Effects of NaCl Stress on Growth, Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics and Quality of Celery

CHEN Bao-yue, CAO Ling, WANG Yan-fang, CHEN Zi-jing, XU Qiang, WANG Qian

2014, 29(S1): 218-222. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2014.S1.042

Abstract (575) PDF (172) RichHTML

This study through analysis the effects of salt stress on growth,physiological and biochemical characteristics and quality of celery to provide theoretical basis of the selection of celery cultivars under salt stress.In this experiment,two celeries (Jingqin No.1 and Xiaqin)were treated by different NaCl solutions(0,30,60,90,120 mmol/L),and through pot experiment to study the effects of NaCl stress on the growth,physiological and biochemical characteristics and quality of celery.The results showed that the growth of celery was inhabited by NaCl stress.With the NaCl concentration increasing,height,fresh weight,dry weight gradually decreased,the activities of SOD,CAT and the content of MDA,chlorophyll in leaf gradually increased,but the activity of POD and content of soluble sugar increased firstly and then decreased.The Vc and fiber content gradually decreased with the salt concentration increasing.Under the NaCl stress,the growth,physiological and biochemical characteristics of Jingqin No.1 had smaller effect than Xiaqin,Jingqin No.1 had stronger NaCl stress tolerances ability.

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The Physiological Characteristics of Ornamental Kale for Cold Resistance

ZHANG Yaling, XING Hongwei, GUO Ning, HAN Shuo, ZONG Mei, LIU Fan, WANG Guixiang

2016, 31(4): 168-176. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2016.04.027

Abstract (575) PDF (156) RichHTML

Kales,which are widely cultivated as ornamental plants in wintertime or cold areas,play important roles for urban landscaping.Cold stress which can reduce the ornamental value is one of the most important characters for the improvement and breeding of kales.In order to elucidate the physiological characteristics during low temperature and reveal cold resistance mechanism,several varieties and strains which were bred by our group were used as research materials.The relative electrical conductivity (REC) under different low temperature treatment,semi-lethal temperature (LT₅₀) of different accessions,as well as the osmoregulation substances contents and antioxidant enzymes activities under different temperature treatment were analyzed.It was showed that the REC of kale leaves increased rapidly when temperature under -5℃,and reached maximum values at about -10℃.The TL₅₀ values of kale accessions were -10.3——13.7℃.The TL₅₀s of red types were lower than white types,as well as round and leatherleaf types were lower than wrinkle types.These results were consistent with field cold resistance performances of the varieties.Changing characteristics of the detected osmoregulation substances and antioxidant enzyme activities were different under different temperature treatments.These physiological indexes reached maximum values at -5℃ or -8℃ and decreased at lower temperature,except soluble sugar which reached maximum value at -10℃.The principal component analysis revealed that LT₅₀ value,soluble sugar and free proline contents were main components causing cold resistance variations among different varieties.These results will provide theoretical basis for the establishment of kale cold resistance evaluation system,and lay foundation for the development of new varieties with excellent cold resistance.

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Effects of Soil Amendments on Soil Microbial Communities,Quality and Yield of Tomato in Protected House

LIU Zhongliang, ZHENG Jianli, SUN Zhe, JIAO Juan, TIAN Changgeng, GAO Junjie, LIU Shiqi

2016, 31(S1): 394-398. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2016.S1.066

Abstract (570) PDF (121) RichHTML

The effect of soil amendments on soil microbial communities,quality and yield of tomato in protected house were investigated for providing a scientific basis for reasonable use of soil amendments.A field experiment was initiated in a planting tomato greenhouse with different kinds of soil amendments(lime nitrogen,fosthiazate,abamectin and substrate).Changes of bacteria,fungi,quality,yield were monitored.Results showed that four different types of soil amendments could significantly increased the number of soil bacteria,fungi,actinomycetes and antagonists,while the numbers of bacteria and fungi in the later growing period of tomato compared with the middle growing period were decreased;the contents of lycopene and Vc reached the highest under substrate treatment for 8.75 mg/100g,78.60 mg/kg,respectively;the soluble sugar content ranged from 2.85% FW to 3.29% FW;compared with other treatments,the sugar acid ratio of CK,substrate and abamectin were 7.57,6.91 and 7.70,respectively,taste the best;under substrate treatment,the yield of tomato was the highest for 139 059.30 kg/ha,which was increased by 21.18% compared with CK.Considering the taste quality and yield,substrate could be used as a preliminary reference for tomatoes production.

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Study on Relationship between Changes of Protective Enzymes Activity and H₂O₂ Content with TuMV Resistance in Chinese Cabbage

ZHANG Zhi-gang, LI Qiao-yun, LIU Shuan-tao, ZHANG Xiao-liang, ZHAO Zhi-zhong

2013, 28(5): 138-143. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2013.05.025

Abstract (567) PDF (207) RichHTML

The 4 materials 8407(R),He304(R),Guan291(S) and Chunyuehuang(S) which have different re-sistance to TuMV,were chosen to be the material plants. They were inoculated with TuMV-C₄ at seedling stage. Activi-ties of SOD,POD,CAT and H₂O₂ content from 4 materials were detected within 24 days after being inoculated with TuMV.The results showed that significant differences in the changes of enzymes activities of POD,CAT and H₂O₂ content existed in different materials. The enzymes activities of POD,CAT and H₂O₂ content in resistant materials had some changes with TuMV infection,but could gradually return to normal. The enzymes activities of POD,CAT and H₂O₂ content in susceptible materials all had significant changes,and could not return to normal after being in-oculate with TuMV. Overall TuMV resistance of Chinese cabbage had the most closely relationship with H₂O₂ and CAT,and had less relationship with POD,and had no relationship with SOD.

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Effect of Cinnamic Acid on Physiological Characteristics of Tomato Seedlings and Alleviation by Carbonized Maize Cob Application

LI Liang-liang, LI Tian-lai, ZHANG En-ping, WU Zheng-chao, ZANG Jian, CHEN Bin, LIU Wen-e, XI Lian-min

2012, 27(5): 139-143. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-7091.2012.05.027

Abstract (566) PDF (303) RichHTML

Baidu(1)

We examined the effects of cinnamic acid on the growth of tomato seedlings,and its alleviation of applied carbonized maize cob was shown.The tomato seedlings were transplanted in the hydroponic system with perlite as substrate,and the biomass,photosynthesis,ultrastructure of root and MDA were investigated.The results showed that cinnamic acid inhibited the biomass,photosynthesis and chlorophyll contents of tomato seedlings.Deformation of the ultrastructures of root was observed and the MDA content was increased by the treatment of high content cinnamic acid.But the inhabitations were alleviated by applied carbonized maize cob.Carbonized corn cob can be used to prevent the plants from monocropping obstacles.

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The Effect of Silicon on Pepper CaMADS-box Gene Expression under Heat and Salt Stress Analysis

WEI Xiaochun, LI Yan, YAO Qiuju, YUAN Yuxiang, ZHAO Yanyan, WANG Zhiyong, JIANG Jun, DUAN Junzhi, JIANG Wusheng, ZHANG Xiaowei

2016, 31(5): 7-13. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2016.05.002

Abstract (561) PDF (264) RichHTML

In order to study the influence of silicon on the expression of pepper CaMADS-box gene under abiotic stress,such as the high temperature and salt stress,we used pepper 101 as experimental materials,the physical and chemical properties of encoding protein was analyzed,phylogenetic tree was constructed,subcellular localization was predicted through bioinformatics software on the base of the cloning of pepper CaMADS-box gene.The results showed that the cloned gene encoding protein CaMADS-box was hydrophilic protein,containing MADS domain structure,belonged to MADS gene families.And its subcellular localization was in the nucleus,the molecular evolutionary tree showed that close to Nicotiana,the similarity was 67%.Fluorescence quantitative analysis showed that CaMADS-box gene expression after high temperature stress and salt stress were presented first rise after the fall of the model, the difference was to peak at 48 h, under high temperature stress, salt stress peak at 24 h, silicon handle could induce gene expression CaMADS-box, under high temperature stress and salt stress were expressed at 12 h to reach peak, which suggested that CaMADS-box was a silicon quick response genes, speculated that the silicon handle in alleviating pepper abiotic stress such as high temperature and salt stress plays an important role.

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Bioassay Technique of Bradysia odoriphaga and Control to Larvae and Adults by Insecticides

MU Wei, DING Zhong, HE Mao-hua, GUO Hong, LIU Feng

2002, 17(S1): 12-16. https://doi.org/10.3321/j.issn:1000-7091.2002.z1.003

Abstract (559) PDF (538) RichHTML

Technique of artificial feeding Bradysia odoriphaga was reported.Laboratory and field trials were conducted to control Bradysia odoriphaga with cyromaine,ethoprphos,diazinon,phoxim,chlorpyrifos,carbosulfan and endosulfan.Results showed the toxicities of chlorpyrifos and endosulfan to larva were higher than others after 48 h,toxicity of ethoprphos and carbosulfan increase quickly and approach to toxicity of endosulfan and chlorpyrifos,attained 50～100 μg/mL after 72h.Toxicities of chlorpyrifos and carbosulfan to female adults were higher than other insecticides after 4h,toxicities of chlorpyrifos and ethoprphos were the two higher insecticides after 10h.In field,Chlorpyrifos and ethoprphos had quick control effects,could obtain 75% effects in the dose of 7 500 mL/ha after 5 d.Toxicity of cyromaine was increased quickly after 15 d.Treating larva with cyromaine could lead to the larva and pupa abnormal and lead to the next generation adults egging little.

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Inhibitory Effect of Streptomyces alboflavus TD-1 against Botrytis cinerea and Its Effect on Defensive Enzymes Activity

SHAN Li-ping, WANG Chang-lu, LI Zhen-jing, CHEN Mian-hua, LI Feng-juan

2015, 30(2): 100-103. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2015.02.018

Abstract (558) PDF (466) RichHTML

The inhibitory effect of Streptomyces alboflavus TD-1 against Botrytis cinerea and its effect on defensive enzymes activity in vitro antibacteral activity and pot experiment were studied in order to provide reference for biological control of grey mould.The results showed that inhibition rate of fermentation broth of the strain TD-1 on mycelium growth and spore germination of B.cinerea were 98.1% and 98.3% respectively.The control efficiency of TD-1 fermentation broth against B.cinerea in tomato plants was 76.98% in pot experiment.The activity of PAL, PPO, POD and SOD of tomato leaves increased after spraying fermentation broth of the strain TD-1 and spore suspension of B.cinerea.They reached maximum in the fourth day, the third day, the second day and the third day respectively.

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Study on Method for Fast Measuring Lycopene Content in Tomato

LIU Zhong-qi, XUE Jun, JIN Feng-mei, JIA Yan-hong

2006, 21(2): 13-17. https://doi.org/10.3321/j.issn:1000-7091.2006.02.004

Abstract (557) PDF (307) RichHTML

Baidu(18)

Fifty-eight tomato genotypes with different lycopene content were used to study the relationship between their lycopene content and color readings of CR400.Experimental results showed that L1,a1 and b1 from fruits were randomly distributed among genotypes.But lycopene content was negatively correlated with L2 and b2 of fruit puree respectively and positively correlated with a2.After free water in fruit puree was discarded by centrifugation,readings of L3,a3 and b3 from these pastes were more stable and displayed a more precise linear relationship to lycopene content.Free water imposed a significant effect on color readings.Among genotypes with free water content between 71.11% and 76.20%,the correlation coefficient between lycopene content and (a3/b3+a3/L3) was as high as 0.808.Therefore,linear regression equation could be used to predict lycopene content of fruits based on their color readings from paste without free water.

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Genetic Analysis of Seed Number Per Fruit in Chilli Pepper

SUI Yi-hu, HU Neng-bing, MIAO Yong-mei, ZHAO Yan, ZHOU Yu-li

2014, 29(3): 90-94. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2014.03.017

Abstract (554) PDF (148) RichHTML

Selection of two capsicum hybridization combinations to build each six-generation populations, namely, F₁, F₂, backcrosses B₁ and B₂ and their parents P₁and P₂, whose seed number per fruit of Simudou were counted to study its genetic law.The results showed that seed number per fruit of isolated populations of two crosses displayed quantitatively genetic characteristics with multimodal or unimodal skewed distribution.Multigenerational joint segregation analysis indicated the heritance of seed number per fruit fitted the pattern of two additive-dominance-epitasis major genes(B-1 model).Genetic analysis of the 1st-order parameters showed that in two crosses there were almost the opposite performance in effects of additive, dominant, and additive×additive, exception of some similarity of epistatic interaction between the two loci in effects of additive×dominant, dominant×dominant.In addition, potential ratio comparison showed that the 1st and 2nd main genes were each expressed as negative, positive overdominant effect in the performance in crossⅠ, and positive and negative overdominance in crossⅡ, and integrated dominant effects partially offset between two loci.Genetic analysis of the 2nd-order parameters showed that in crossⅠtwo major gene QTLs determining seed number per fruit of capsicum were concentrated in parent 1110B, but in crossⅡwere distributed in both parents, furthermore, the major gene heritability of F₂ populations was 61.84% in crossⅠand 37.30% in cross Ⅱ, which indicated the seed number per fruit was dissimilar in different pepper germplasms, and suggested artificial selection of seed number per fruit should be performed at higher separated generations.

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Cloning and Expression Analysis of Two Neutral/alkaline Invertase Gene in Garlic

ZHOU Qianyi, HUANG Sijie, TIAN Jie

2023, 38(4): 54-64. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.20193859

Abstract (551) PDF (44) RichHTML (3)

Neutral/alkaline invertases,as important substances in plant sucrose metabolism,are mainly involved in processes such as plant growth and development,and response to adversity stress.To investigate the response pattern of AsNI to stress,this study cloned two garlic neutral/alkaline invertase genes,using Ledu purple skin garlic as the test material and they were subjected to bioinformatics and expression characterization.The results showed that the open reading frames of AsNI1 and AsNI2 were 522,1 203 bp,encoded 173,400 amino acids.AsNI1 and AsNI2 were both hydrophilic proteins predicted to be localized in the cytoplasm with a Glyco_hydro_100 structural domain.However,the amino acid sequence similarity between the two was only 25.75%,and AsNI2 contained one glycosylation site,while no glycosylation site was detected in AsNI1,and the two were distantly related.The analysis of the protein interaction network showed that AsNI2 and AsNI1 might participate in different biochemical processes.The promoter sequence analysis revealed that the promoter regions of AsNI1 and AsNI2 contained multiple cis-acting elements related to stress response,with the AsNI2 promoter having a significantly larger number of drought and low temperature stress response elements than AsNI1.The prediction of promoter transcription factor binding sites showed that they contained different kinds and numbers of binding sites,indicated that AsNI1 and AsNI2 could perform different gene functions.The qRT-PCR assay revealed that the expression of AsNI was significantly tissue-specific,with the highest expression of AsNI1 and AsNI2 in the roots and bulbs,respectively.Meanwhile,adversity stress was able to induce AsNI expression,and the response of AsNI2 was stronger than that of AsNI1 under both low temperature and drought treatments.Among them,low temperature stress mainly induced the expression of AsNI2 in leaves,and drought stress mainly induced the expression of AsNI2 in roots.The sequence characteristics and expression pattern of AsNI were analyzed to verify the stress resistance function of AsNI.

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Mapping QTL and Analysis on Glucosinolates Total Content in Cabbage

TIAN Duo-cheng, HE Hong-ju, YAN Hui-ling, XIE Jian-ming, KANG Jun-gen

2014, 29(3): 6-10. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2014.03.002

Abstract (549) PDF (263) RichHTML

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Glucosinolates, anticancer active substances, are widely present in Brassica crops.It will be of important significance to carry out the breeding of high content of Glucosinolates new varieties of cabbage.This study analyzed total glucosinolate content of F₂ mapping population parents and that of 83 individual plants by HPLC methods.Based on the cabbage high-density genetic linkage map which had been constructed previously, QTL mapping and analysis related to Glucosinolates total content in the individuals of F₂ were performed using MapQTL 4.0.Three QTLs(qGS-7-1, qGS-8-1, qGS-8-2) located on LG7 and LG8 controlling the traits of Glucosinolates total content in cabbage were detected.The contribution rate were 13.6%, 7.5% and 5.6%, respectively.Meanwhile, two molecular markers(me27-em25-2, E38M55-7) coseparating with the QTLs could be useful for marker assisted selection of cabbage breeding rich in Glucosinolates.

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Establishment of SSR Fingerprint on Melon Hybrids and Their Parents

WANG Jin, YOU Jia, WANG Xi-qiao, WEN Zhao-hui, WANG Jun-ping

2015, 30(S1): 66-68. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2015.S1.012

Abstract (549) PDF (288) RichHTML

For the purpose of melon identification,SSR technology was used to establish fingerprint for 18 melon accessions included six F₁ hybrids and their parents.Based on 50 SSR primer pairs were assessed validation of the amplification in above melon accessions.Used three primer pairs C17,C21and C30,SSR fingerprint was obtained for six melon F₁ hybrids and their parents,which was able to distinguish all of the 18 accessions.Moreover,primer C21was applied in purity identification of M324 hybrid,the result indicated that the purity was 89%,which were approximate to their field purity(90%).

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Salicylic Acid Alleviates Low Potassium Stress by Enhancing Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Gene Expression in Tomato

XU Li, LI Jiao, SONG Wenqiang, LI Liqin

2016, 31(1): 96-101. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2016.01.016

Abstract (548) PDF (395) RichHTML

Baidu(1)

The effect of SA on physiological indexes and gene expression were studied in tomato seedlings under low potassium stress in order to provide an important theoretical basis for the relationship between SA and low potassium stress. In this study,the different concentrations of salicylic acid (SA) (0.10,0.25,0.50,1.00 mmol/L) affect antioxidant enzyme activities and gene expression in tomato seedlings under low-potassium stress were investigated.The results showed that the chlorophyll (Chl) and proline (Pro) contents,as well as catalase (CAT),ascorbate peroxidase (APX),peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities,were significantly increased,and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration decreased under 0.25 mmol/L SA treatment compared with that in the control.Meanwhile,the gene expression levels of APX,CAT,POD,and SOD in tomato leaves were analyzed through quantitative Real-time PCR.Four gene expression levels of antioxidant enzymes were considerably increased after 48,96 h treatment.These results suggested that SA promoted the gene expression levels of APX,CAT,POD,and SOD to alleviate the damage of low potassium stress,and decreased the accumulation of ROS and enhanced resistance in tomato seedlings under low-potassium stress.

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Construction of a Bacterial Artificial Chromosome Library from Brassica oleracea

XING Miao-miao, TIAN Duo-cheng, LI Hai-long, YAO Li-jun, JI Rui-qin, KANG Jun-gen

2014, 29(5): 23-28. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2014.05.005

Abstract (544) PDF (233) RichHTML

Bacterial artificial chromosome library is the foundation of important and high quality disease-resistant gene cloning from Brassica oleracea.A bacterial artificial chromosome library was constructed from R4P1,a Brassica oleracea varieties highly resisting to fusarium wilt and being in rich of glucosinolates,with the vector CopyControl^TM pCC1BAC^TM.The library consists of 73 344 clones with an average insert size of about 97 kb,and in which the empty clones are under 3%.Thus,the library provides 10.9 haploid genome equivalents,the probability of screening to any gene of B.oleracea is 99.99%,these results indicate that this is a high quality BAC library suitable for the following analysis.The BAC library of B.oleracea could not only be used for the clone of resistant genes to fusarium wilt,but also lay foundations for isolating other interesting genes and research the genomics of B.oleracea,et al.

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Effects of Different Light Qualities on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Tomato Seedlings

LIU Zhen-wei, SUN Li, FANG Ting-ting, LIU Hui-chao, JIA Wen-qing

2015, 30(5): 141-145. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2015.05.024

Abstract (542) PDF (406) RichHTML

Using self-made LED light source the experiment study the effect of different light quality and light quality combination on morphogenesis and physiological and biochemical characteristics of tomato.The experiment accumulates data for application of LED light source in horticulture planting.The results showed that,the Blue and Green treats were all beneficial of improving the plant height of tomato seedling except the light quality treats were all beneficial of improving the stem diameter and fresh weight and dry weight and of tomato seedling except Red and Yellow treat and the healthy index of RB3 and RBP2 were the highest.They can be looked as the best light for growing tomato healthy seedling.All treats didn't improve the activity of CAT.The light quality treats RBG2 and Y and RB4 and RBP1 and RBG1 and RBP2 were all beneficial of improving the activity of POD.The light quality treats RBY1 and RB5 and RBY2 and RBP2 were all beneficial of improving the activity of SOD.Comprehensive evaluation,RBP2 can be looked as the best light for improving the activity of enzyme.

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Detection of Corynespora cassiicola in Soil with Real-time Quantitative PCR

GAO Wei, LI Bao-ju, WANG Wan-li, HAO Yong-juan, SHI Yan-xia

2014, 29(2): 71-74. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2014.02.013

Abstract (541) PDF (207) RichHTML

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In this research, a specific primer pair CIR5 /CIF5 for C. cassiicola was developed, and Real-time PCR based specific detection method of this pathogen in soil was established. The primer pair gave a single amplifi- cation of 259 bp from C. cassiicola and could be distinguished from other soil-borne pathogen strains. The detection limit was 10 fg/μL in conventional PCR. The pathogen in soil could be detected by Real-time quantitative PCR, and the sensitivity was down to C. cassiicola DNA of 1 conidia/g. This Real-time quantitative PCR method could assist in the implementation of quarantine measures for prevention and control of Corynespora spot leaf.

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Effect of Low Temperature and Weak Light on Different Varieties of Tomato

DONG Lingdi, YANG Yubo, SHI Linqi, JIAO Yonggang, GUO Jinghua, HE Caixia

2016, 31(S1): 183-187. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2016.S1.032

Abstract (540) PDF (123) RichHTML

This experiment consists of eight varieties of tomato were collected from home and abroad,the indexes of physiological and biochemical characteristics,field resistance,yield and quality were determined after the haze.The results showed that:during the weather of low temperature and haze,solar greenhouse's own environmental conditions far could not meet the requirements of the temperature,light and humidity of tomato.Under stress conditions,the varieties with stronger resistance were Jinpeng No.8 and Fenyan No.1,their fruit drop rates were 2.5%,3.7%,dead rates of plant were 38.8% and 25.0%,the diseases incidence rates were 35.5% and 35.0% respectively,These indicators were in the lower level than other varieties.And Jinpeng No.8 had the highest yield,54 300 kg/hm²,followed by Fenyan No.1and T1701,which production were more than 50 000 kg/hm². Fruit quality,the maximum of sugar acid ratio was Jinpeng No.8,and the taste was best;The minimum of the nitrate content was Fenyan No.1.The whole fog and haze,the smallest decrease amplitude of chlorophyll was Jinpeng No.8,Fenyan No.1 wasthe second.Physiological and biochemical indexes,the varieties of accumulated more contents of soluble sugar and proline were Jinpeng No.8,Fenyan NO.1,the value of SOD and POD were also higher,The content of MDA didn't have obvious differences between species in this experiment.Therefore,under low temperature and weak light,the varieties with self-regulation,strong adaptability were Jinpeng No.8,Fenyan NO.1,which results of physiological indexes were consistent with the results of field experiments.

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Detection of Viruses Infecting Cucurbit Vegetables in Shandong and Identification of Subgroup of the Cucumber mosaic virus Isolates

SUN Xiaohui, WANG Shusen, GAO Lili, QIAO Ning, LIU Yongguang, ZHAO Jing, ZHU Xiaoping

2016, 31(2): 211-217. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2016.02.034

Abstract (537) PDF (141) RichHTML

In order to detect and identify the viral causing agent that infecting cucurbit vegetable plants in Shandong, 867 cucurbit plant samples of suspected viral diseases from 11 vegetable planting areas in Shandong were collected during July to August, 2014.9 primer pairs specific to Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV), Watermelon mosaic virus (WMV), Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV), Squash mosaic virus (SqMV), Melon yellow spot virus (MYSV), Cucurbit chlorotic yellows virus (CCYV), Prunus necrotic ringspot ilarvirus (PNRSV) and Melon necrotic spot virus (MNSV) were used respectively to perform PCR detection.The results showed that viruses carried rate was 34.8%, 10.4%, 20.0%, 41.7%, 27.0%, 7.8%, 2.6%, 1.7%, 0 and 0.9% respectively.The natural infection of these viral diseases except PNRSV in Shandong was confirmed, and the incidence of CMV and TMV were higher than others.Two or more than two viruses mixed infections were also very common in field.At the same time, those CMV positive samples from 11 regions were selected for subgroup classification.Coat protein(CP) gene and the whole RNA3 nucleotide sequences were determined.Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analyses were performed.The results showed that the CMV isolates of cucurbit vegetables in Shandong area were all members of CMV subgroup IB with the highest similarity to a South Korea isolate As(AF013291), no other strains were found.

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Research and Analysis of the Expression of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis Related Gene in Pepper

LI Zhen, LIU Jin-bing, DIAO Wei-ping, WANG Shu-bin, PAN Bao-gui, GE Wei, GUO Guang-jun

2014, 29(4): 87-92. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2014.04.014

Abstract (535) PDF (284) RichHTML

Baidu(1)

In order to clarify the expression and regulation patterns of related gene in the process of anthocyanin biosynthesis in pepper,select three pepper strains which fruit of different color for materials(Zijing,Danzi,Shuijing),extract RNA of different stages of the fruit and reverse transcribed into cDNA,then using qRT-PCR technology to analysis of expression of structure genes (CHS, CHI, F3H, F3'5'H, DFR,ANS, UFGT, ANP and GST) in pepper fruit of three kinds of materials in different development stages.The results showed that the expression of CHS,CHI are rarely and disorder in the process of fruit development of three kinds of materials,the expression of F3H is higher in Danzi and Zijing,and appear larger peak in the fruit development of 15-20 days,compared with it,the amount of expression in Shuijing can be negligible.The relative transcription level of F3'5'H, ANP,GST, DFR and UFGT express synchronous change in three kinds of materials,and the relative expression of F3'5'H, ANP and GST in the 15th day of Zijing fruit appeared larger peak,the relative transcription level of ANS without some rules to follow. F3H, F3'5'H, ANP and GST are the key genes to the anthocyanins metabolic pathway in pepper.

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Studies on Techniques of Spraying NaCl Solution on Flowers Combined with Honeybee Pollination to Overcome Self-incompatibility of Chinese Cabbage

Yang Rui, Yu Yangjun, Xu Jiabing, Chen Guang, Zhang Fenglan, Sun Jizhi, Sun Tianshui

1995, 10(2): 77-81. https://doi.org/10.3321/j.issn:1000-7091.1995.02.015

Abstract (532) PDF (867) RichHTML

Spraying NaCl solution combined with honeybee pollination was used to overcome self-incompatibility in parent lines of Brassica pekinensis. NaCl solution at different concentrations was tested which revealed that 3% was the optimum concentration. Plants at flowering stage were treated with 3% NaCl solution at different hours of the day, and the most favorable result was achieved in those plants sprayed at 9: 30 am. Seed setting was observed in all the plants manually pollinated at different hours of the day following treatment of 3% NaCl solution. The pollination efficiency of the NaCl treated plants was better than that of the control. Under normal conditions, it took at least 4 days to ensure pollens on the bee body to lose vigor before the bees could be used for pollination. the amount of callose in surface cells of the stigma and the incompatibility after treatment with NaCl solution tended to change in the same direction.

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Studies on Xenia Effect of Chinese Cabbage

ZHU Huanhuan, JIN Yingling, ZHANG Mingke, ZHANG Lugang, HUI Maixia

2016, 31(3): 107-113. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2016.03.016

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The aim was to study whether xenia effect existed in Chinese cabbage.Taking 14S116 as female parent and 14S443,14S375,14S120,14S502,14S393,14S536 as male parent,and taking 14S193 as female parent and 14S443,14S125,14S116,14S375,14S531 as male parent,and taking 92S24A as female parent and 8407,72M,DaT511,Da164-2-1,14S126,14S375,Shandong number 4,Jiecai,Da qin 3 as male parent,hybrids were prepared,and silique length,silique width,beak length,shape of seed,seed number of per pod,1000-grain weight,from which mid-parent,heterosis and male effect were acquired.Another,JY3 and JY4,JY5 and JY6,JY19 and JY20,Bre and Xiasheng,92S24 and Xiasheng,14S375 and 14S116 were respectively intercrossed,1000-grain weight seed were determined,and shope of seed and color of seed from some hybrids were observed,from which mid-parent,heterosis and male effect were acquired.The results showed that length and width of the silique,beak length,shape of seed,seed number of per pod,1000-grain weight of F₀ affected by pollen from different male parent were detected.Over-parent heterosis and heterosis were presented.

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Influences of Mushroom Residue,Peat and Vermiculite Matrix Product on the Growth Characteristics of Tomato Seedlings

LIANG Hai-tian, HE Zong-jun, GAO Xian-biao, LI Feng, ZHAO Lin-na, YANG Jun, TIAN Yang

2015, 30(4): 194-199. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2015.04.033

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The study focused on the influences of mushroom residue,peat and vermiculite matrix product on the growth characteristics of tomato seedlings.After matrix treatment,mushroom residue was mixed with turf and vermiculite for tomato seedling culture.The compound matrix mushroom residue treatment products were added with different proportions:0,33%,50% and 67% respectively,and the survival rate and growth characteristics of the tomato seedling were tested 25,45,65 days after sowing.Statistical analysis showed that the survival rate of tomato seedling with compound matrix T1,T2 and T5 reached 100%,3.3% higher than CK,the survival rate of tomato seedling with T4 and T5 were lower than CK 23.4% and 33.4% respectively.After comparison of 45 d tomato seedling height,stem diameter and root development indicators,those of T3 and T4 were significantly lower than those of CK,T1,T2 and T5.However,with the growth of the tomato seedling,at 65 d root lengths of T3 and T4 were significantly higher than those of CK,seedling height and stem diameter had no significant difference with those of CK,and the stem diameter and root lengths of T1,T2 and T5 showed no significant difference with CK,and the seeding height were higher than those of CK.The study indicated that the growth index of treatment T1(mushroom residue: peat: vermiculite=1 : 1 : 1) was higher than other treatments,and a relative high additive proportion of mushroom residue may inhibit the initial growth of tomato seedlings to some extent,which may further influence the accumulation of seedling biomass above the earth,yet as the seedlings keep growing,such inhibition was decreasing.At the later development stage of the seedling,increasing the additive proportion of mushroom residue can further promote the development of the tomato seedling root and enhance the biomass accumulation of the plant.

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Effects of Short-term Low Night Temperature on the Resistant Physiological Index of Domesticated Tomato and Wild Relative

JIANG Yan-yan, XU Xiao-fei, HAO Gui-jie, QI Hong-yan

2012, 27(6): 97-101. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-7091.2012.06.020

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Chilling-sensitive tomato Money Maker and chilling-tolerant wild tomato LA1777 were studied，and effects of low night temperature of 15，9 ，6 ℃ and recovery on the resistant physiological index of tomato fruits were investigated． The results showed that soluble sugar，proline content and POD activities increased in tomatoes LA1777 and Money Maker after low night temeperature treated，but the variation in LA1777 is greater． SOD activity in LA1777 was lower than control，CAT activities was higher than control，otherwise， the SOD activity in Money Maker was higher than control，CAT activities was lower than control． The increase of MDA content in Money Maker was significantly greater than control，while no significant change in LA1777． These results demonstrate that the two types of tomato fruits exerted higher level of soluble sugar and proline content to chilling stress under short-time low temperature， the chilling-tolerant tomato exerted higher level of POD and CAT activities to chilling stress，while the chilling-sensitive tomato exerted higher level of SOD activity， the enhanced membrane lipid peroxidation in the chilling-tolerant tomato fruits is lower．

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Study of Tolerance Effects on Blight of Cucumber Seedlings Induced by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

QIN Hai-bin, ZHANG Zhi-bin, HE Chao-xing

2014, 29(S1): 98-102. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2014.S1.021

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The cucumber strain Zhongnong 16 were used to screen the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on seedling blight of cucumber in solar greenhouse, and related physiological and biochemistry changes were studied.The result indicated that when cucumber seedlings inoculated with mycorrhizal fungi it can significantly enhance the ability of cucumber resistance.After inoculated rhizoctonia solani incidence rates of AM cucumber seedlings and non-AM cucumber seedlings were 16.5% and 52.0%.The mean disease index of cucumber seedling inoculated with AMF was 78.5% lower than that of the control respectively,moreover,there were most obvious the differences between the treatments and the control.Before disease occurrence the sysbiosis of AMF and host plant had formed and the relevant mechanisms of disease resistance had been started.The inoculation of AMF enhanced plant grewth and improved the activity of protect enzyme.During disease occurred AMF and pathogens compete with each other.AMF inhibited the infection of bacteria against host plant.It manifested on activity of Reactive-oxygen-scavenging Enzymes insensitive to the inoculation of pathogens.Degree of membrane lipids peroxidation depressed the damage of cell membrane was smaller.

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Chinese Cabbage Root Disease Genetic Law and Positioning of Resistance Genes Research

ZHANG Hong, ZHANG Bin, WEN Fengying, LIU Xiaohui, WANG Chaonan, LI Mei, HUANG Zhiyin

2017, 32(4): 60-66. https://doi.org/10.7668/hbnxb.2017.04.010

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To explore the root disease resistance genetic regularity,by root disease resistance difference material,G57 and G70,the F₂ segregation population containing 500 per plant was built.Through artificial inoculation of the parents,F₁ and F₂ segregation population phenotypic characterization results were statistically analyzed. The results showed that root disease resistance of materials was controlled by a single dominant gene. In order to further localization of resistance genes in test materials,we used 678 molecular markers of parents,F₁ and F₂ population screening verification,resistance genes was preliminarily located in molecular marker KBRH129J18 and TCR02-F.This test was based on two chain tags,chain development design closer chain of molecular markers,ultimately with resistance genes chain 5 of SSR molecular markers,respectively,Bra0345-1,Bra0235-2,Bra0235-1,Bra19317,Bra019392. Their genetic distance with resistance genes were 2.4,2.4,2.4,2.5,3.3 cM.Validated,development and design of polymorphism markers in Chinese cabbage had good applicability.

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