Effects of Potassium Humate and Amino Acid Fertilizer on Growth and Fruit Quality of Sand Tomatoes

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20194161

Abstract

Abstract:

Using tomato as experimental material and using sand cultivation method,the effects of exogenous addition of potassium humate and amino acid fertilizer on the metabolic pathway,plant biomass,nutrient uptake,yield and quality index of tomato at seedling stage were explored.The experimental results showed that:the root growth of tomato increased by 118% and 13% at the seedling stage and flowering and fruiting stage under potassium humate treatment,and the nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium carrying in the stem increased significantly by 31%,45% and 26%.The amount of phosphorus carried out in leaves increased significantly by 92%.Phosphorus carrying from fruit also increased significantly by 45%.The metabolomic results showed that potassium humate treatment mainly affected tomato glutathione metabolism,glycine serine and threonine metabolism,porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism,while amino acid fertilizer treatment mainly affected tomato propionic acid metabolism,pantothenic acid and coenzyme A biosynthesis and TCA cycling.Compared with the blank control,the yield of tomatoes under potassium humate treatment increased by 35%,the fresh weight and dry weight of the aboveground increased by 21% and 5%,and the soluble sugar content,sugar-acid ratio and soluble solids content in tomato fruits were also significantly increased,with increases of 30%,41% and 0.39 percentage point,respectively.The application of amino acid fertilizer significantly increased the root length,aerial fresh weight and fruit yield of tomato during the flowering and fruiting stage,which increased by 19%,18% and 26%,respectively,and the soluble solids content of tomato fruit increased by 0.30 percentage point,the solid-acid ratio increased by 16%,and the weight per fruit increased by 15.6%.In summary,the application of potassium humate and amino acid fertilizer can significantly change the carbon and nitrogen metabolism process of sand tomato plants,promote tomato growth and fruit quality,and is an effective agronomic measure to achieve high-yield and high-quality tomato cultivation.

Key words: Tomato, Sand cultivation, Potassium humate, Amino acid fertilizer, Yield, Quality

CHEN Qi, DONG Jing, ZHOU Weiwei, PANG Zhongjun, YANG Jiayi, LIANG Bin. Effects of Potassium Humate and Amino Acid Fertilizer on Growth and Fruit Quality of Sand Tomatoes[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2023, 38(S1): 300-306. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20194161.

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References 30

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生育期 Reproductive period	处理 Treatment	总根长/m Total root length	根表面积/cm² Root surface area	根体积/cm³ Root volume	根平均直径/mm Average root diameter	根鲜质量/ (g/株) Root fresh quality
苗期	CK	22.29±0.32b	198.51±2.68b	1.41±0.02b	0.70±0.01b	1.77±0.26b
Seeding stage	ACF	18.42±2.30b	160.95±22.07b	1.12±0.17b	0.71±0.01b	1.94±0.47b
	KHM	40.24±7.19a	325.27±45.80a	2.10±0.24a	1.02±0.21a	2.97±0.18a
开花结果期	CK	46.21±4.23b	426.28±79.66ab	3.33±1.07a	1.11±0.30b	6.01±0.54b
Flowering stage	ACF	55.24±0.98a	410.84±36.14b	3.65±0.95a	1.47±0.14ab	7.90±1.71ab
	KHM	52.34±2.21a	538.92±84.74a	4.26±0.52a	1.53±0.30a	9.30±0.74a
成熟期	CK	100.09±10.32a	1 025.09±112.71a	7.63±1.60a	2.03±0.42a	13.30±1.38a
Maturity stage	ACF	105.78±4.36a	1 210.68±73.17a	8.39±0.45a	2.30±0.11a	13.13±1.52a
	KHM	113.68±10.83a	1 220.00±287.62a	8.80±2.53a	2.41±0.33a	14.27±1.60a

生育期 Reproductive period	处理 Treatment	总根长/m Total root length	根表面积/cm² Root surface area	根体积/cm³ Root volume	根平均直径/mm Average root diameter	根鲜质量/ (g/株) Root fresh quality
苗期	CK	22.29±0.32b	198.51±2.68b	1.41±0.02b	0.70±0.01b	1.77±0.26b
Seeding stage	ACF	18.42±2.30b	160.95±22.07b	1.12±0.17b	0.71±0.01b	1.94±0.47b
	KHM	40.24±7.19a	325.27±45.80a	2.10±0.24a	1.02±0.21a	2.97±0.18a
开花结果期	CK	46.21±4.23b	426.28±79.66ab	3.33±1.07a	1.11±0.30b	6.01±0.54b
Flowering stage	ACF	55.24±0.98a	410.84±36.14b	3.65±0.95a	1.47±0.14ab	7.90±1.71ab
	KHM	52.34±2.21a	538.92±84.74a	4.26±0.52a	1.53±0.30a	9.30±0.74a
成熟期	CK	100.09±10.32a	1 025.09±112.71a	7.63±1.60a	2.03±0.42a	13.30±1.38a
Maturity stage	ACF	105.78±4.36a	1 210.68±73.17a	8.39±0.45a	2.30±0.11a	13.13±1.52a
	KHM	113.68±10.83a	1 220.00±287.62a	8.80±2.53a	2.41±0.33a	14.27±1.60a

生育期 Reproductive period	处理 Treatment	茎养分含量 Stem nutrient content			叶养分含量 Leaf nutrient content			果养分含量 Fruit nutrient content
生育期 Reproductive period	处理 Treatment	N	P₂O	K₂O	N	P₂O	K₂O	N	P₂O	K₂O
苗期	CK	3.16±0.18a	0.59±0.03b	9.45±0.41b	2.04±0.19b	0.91±0.02b	5.94±0.70a	—	—	—
Seeding stage	ACF	3.12±0.09a	0.52±0.04b	10.57±0.88ab	2.66±0.19b	0.89±0.03b	6.17±0.76a	—	—	—
	KHM	3.02±0.16a	0.71±0.07a	11.44±0.49a	4.26±0.82a	1.03±0.02a	6.71±0.86a	—	—	—
开花结果期	CK	3.98±0.18b	0.91±0.04b	3.74±0.45a	7.92±0.14a	1.11±0.02b	3.37±0.09ab	4.19±0.26a	1.17±0.14a	4.55±0.05a
Flowering stage	ACF	4.49±0.54ab	1.05±0.06b	3.52±0.11a	8.12±0.42a	1.39±0.08ab	2.98±0.41b	3.85±0.05b	1.16±0.12a	4.85±0.14a
	KHM	5.11±0.15a	1.26±0.16a	4.36±0.63a	8.26±0.24a	1.66±0.26a	3.69±0.22a	4.07±0.04ab	1.29±0.07a	4.36±0.91a
成熟期	CK	2.06±0.15a	0.91±0.04a	8.11±1.33a	3.53±0.10a	1.01±0.09b	7.81±0.83ab	3.35±0.22a	1.11±0.05b	3.60±0.39a
Maturity stage	ACF	2.09±0.16a	1.02±0.20a	7.09±0.61a	3.37±0.09a	0.99±0.04b	6.82±0.94b	3.36±0.08a	1.21±0.05ab	3.26±0.05a
	KHM	2.30±0.10a	1.11±0.06a	8.65±0.62a	3.54±0.21a	1.35±0.10a	8.49±0.40a	3.55±0.06a	1.30±0.05a	3.41±0.13a

生育期 Reproductive period	处理 Treatment	茎养分含量 Stem nutrient content			叶养分含量 Leaf nutrient content			果养分含量 Fruit nutrient content
生育期 Reproductive period	处理 Treatment	N	P₂O	K₂O	N	P₂O	K₂O	N	P₂O	K₂O
苗期	CK	3.16±0.18a	0.59±0.03b	9.45±0.41b	2.04±0.19b	0.91±0.02b	5.94±0.70a	—	—	—
Seeding stage	ACF	3.12±0.09a	0.52±0.04b	10.57±0.88ab	2.66±0.19b	0.89±0.03b	6.17±0.76a	—	—	—
	KHM	3.02±0.16a	0.71±0.07a	11.44±0.49a	4.26±0.82a	1.03±0.02a	6.71±0.86a	—	—	—
开花结果期	CK	3.98±0.18b	0.91±0.04b	3.74±0.45a	7.92±0.14a	1.11±0.02b	3.37±0.09ab	4.19±0.26a	1.17±0.14a	4.55±0.05a
Flowering stage	ACF	4.49±0.54ab	1.05±0.06b	3.52±0.11a	8.12±0.42a	1.39±0.08ab	2.98±0.41b	3.85±0.05b	1.16±0.12a	4.85±0.14a
	KHM	5.11±0.15a	1.26±0.16a	4.36±0.63a	8.26±0.24a	1.66±0.26a	3.69±0.22a	4.07±0.04ab	1.29±0.07a	4.36±0.91a
成熟期	CK	2.06±0.15a	0.91±0.04a	8.11±1.33a	3.53±0.10a	1.01±0.09b	7.81±0.83ab	3.35±0.22a	1.11±0.05b	3.60±0.39a
Maturity stage	ACF	2.09±0.16a	1.02±0.20a	7.09±0.61a	3.37±0.09a	0.99±0.04b	6.82±0.94b	3.36±0.08a	1.21±0.05ab	3.26±0.05a
	KHM	2.30±0.10a	1.11±0.06a	8.65±0.62a	3.54±0.21a	1.35±0.10a	8.49±0.40a	3.55±0.06a	1.30±0.05a	3.41±0.13a

生育期 Reproductive period	处理 Treatment	茎携出量 Stem nutrient uptake			叶携出量 Leaf nutrient uptake			果携出量 Fruit nutrient uptake
生育期 Reproductive period	处理 Treatment	N	P₂O	K₂O	N	P₂O	K₂O	N	P₂O	K₂O
苗期	CK	0.19±0.01b	0.04±0.01b	0.56±0.03b	0.13±0.02b	0.06±0.01b	0.37±0.02b	—	—	—
Seeding stage	ACF	0.21±0.02b	0.04±0.01b	0.70±0.10b	0.21±0.03b	0.07±0.01b	0.49±0.10b	—	—	—
	KHM	0.35±0.03a	0.08±0.02a	1.29±0.21a	0.53±0.20a	0.13±0.02a	0.81±0.05a	—	—	—
开花结果期	CK	1.91±0.04b	0.44±0.01b	1.80±0.23b	2.81±0.05a	0.40±0.01b	1.19±0.03ab	2.03±0.31a	0.56±0.04b	2.20±0.21a
Flowering stage	ACF	2.20±0.37ab	0.51±0.05ab	1.72±0.14b	2.83±0.18a	0.49±0.05ab	1.03±0.03b	2.01±0.27a	0.66±0.07ab	2.54±0.37a
	KHM	2.62±0.17a	0.65±0.11a	2.23±0.23a	2.88±0.19a	0.58±0.07a	1.29±0.09a	2.35±0.07a	0.74±0.02a	2.51±0.47a
成熟期	CK	1.32±0.16b	0.58±0.06b	2.58±0.27b	1.34±0.11b	0.39±0.06b	1.50±0.30b	5.08±0.56b	1.69±0.22b	5.71±0.21b
Maturity stage	ACF	1.32±0.17b	0.64±0.13ab	2.23±0.17b	1.50±0.06b	0.44±0.01b	1.51±0.14b	6.53±0.59a	2.36±0.33a	6.34±0.73a
	KHM	1.73±0.04a	0.84±0.10a	3.26±0.32a	1.97±0.27a	0.75±0.11a	2.37±0.30a	6.71±0.60a	2.45±0.22a	6.45±0.60a

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