Abstract:

Agronomic characters,lodging,quality and yield of eight japonica(glutinous)rice varieties mainly planted in Anhui Province in recent years were analyzed under the two cultivation methods of cave sowing and transplanting,so as to clarify the main limiting factors of yield under the light and simplified planting conditions such as cave sowing,and provide reference for screening and breeding new rice varieties suitable for light and simplified planting.Field plot experiment was used. Field plot experiment was used, two cultivation methods were set up, namely hole sowing and transplanting, to investigate the seedling emergence rate in the field; lodging index for different varieties; to take five plants at the maturity stage, to investigate the plant height, the effective number of spikes per plant, the length of spike, the number of grains in the spike, the fruiting rate, the quality of 1 000 grains, and the yield of each material; and to determine the roughness, the rate of polished rice, the rate of whole polished rice, the length-to-width ratio, the content of straight-chain amylopectin, and gelatinized rice consistency according to the ministry standard after harvesting the paddy grain samples.The germination rate of the varieties was better under laboratory conditions,but the seedling emergence rate decreased significantly under cave sowing conditions.Wankennuo No.1,Dangjing No.8 and Jiahua No.1 had higher seedling emergence rates in field.Lodging index of all varieties under cave-sowing condition was lower than that under transplanting condition,among which Jiahua 1 and Lüxiangjing 28 had the strongest lodging resistance under cave-sowing condition.The seed setting rate and 1000-grain weight under hill-point sowing were higher than those under transplanting,but the yield per plant,grain number per panicle,effective panicle number per plant and panicle length were lower than those under transplanting.There was a significant positive correlation between yield per plant and number of solid grains per panicle under the cave-planting method,and a significant positive correlation between yield per plant and number of solid grains per panicle and seed setting rate under the transplanting method.The amylose content of rice under the acupoint direct seeding method was lower than that under the transplanting method,and the glue consistency and alkali loss value were higher than that under the transplanting method.The germination rate of cave sowing was significantly lower than that of laboratory sowing.Compared with the traditional seedling transplanting method,the lodging resistance of rice varieties under the cave-planting method was enhanced,but there was no significant difference in the lodging resistance of most varieties under the two methods.The yield per plant under the hole direct seeding method was lower than that under the transplanting method,and the main limiting factors were the number of grains per panicle and effective panicle per plant.The direct planting rice had better taste than transplanting rice in amylose,gum consistency and alkali loss.

Key words: Rice, Burrow sowing, Transplanting, Lodging resistance, Yield, Quality