Effects of Biochar Application on Soil Fertility and Fruit Quality in Pear Orchards

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20193832

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to explore the effect of applying biochar on the improvement of soil physical and chemical properties in pear orchards and the continuous impact on the fruit quality of Huangguan pear,the positioning experiments for four consecutive years were conducted to provide theories and technologies support for rational and efficient fertilization in Huangguan pear orchards in Hebei Province.The experiment was carried out in the Huangguan pear experimental base in Jinzhou City,Hebei Province.Taking the treatment without biochar as the control(CK),the application of 0.45(B1),0.90(B2),1.35(B3),1.80 kg/m²(B4)4 treatments were used to study the effects of different amounts of biochar on soil organic matter,nitrate nitrogen,available phosphorus,available potassium,electrical conductivity and pH,and explored the effects on fruit quality(such as total soluble sugar,titratable acid,firmness,soluble solids,and single fruit weight)of Huangguan pear during ripening.The application of biochar for four consecutive years significantly reduced the soil nitrate nitrogen content,and increased the contents of organic matter,available phosphorus,available potassium and pH in the surface layer(0-20 cm),and the effect on the surface layer(0-20 cm)was greater than that in the 20-40 cm soil layer.B3 treatment had the best improvement effect on soil nutrients.The influence of soluble solid content on the fruit quality of Huangguan pear showed an increasing trend,and titrable acid showed a decreasing trend.There was no significant difference between B2 and B3 treatments on the quality of Huangguan pear.Considering the long-term cumulative effect of soil and the economic cost of biochar,0.90-1.35 kg/m² biochar application rate was recommended as the appropriate application rate.Combined with the analysis of the effects of the amount of biochar on the soil physicochemical properties and pear quality,under this test condition the recommended amount of biochar was 0.90 kg/m².

Key words: Huangguan pear, Biochar, Soil nutrients, Fruit quality

LI Yihong, GUO Li, REN Yanli, SHI Jianshuo, LI Ruonan, JIANG Longgang, WANG Liying. Effects of Biochar Application on Soil Fertility and Fruit Quality in Pear Orchards[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2023, 38(S1): 307-313. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20193832.

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References 22

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处理 Treatments	2018年
处理 Treatments	可溶性固形物/% TSS	可滴定酸/% TA	固酸比 RTT	可溶性固形物/% TSS	可滴定酸/% TA	固酸比 RTT	可溶性固形物/% TSS	可滴定酸/% TA	固酸比 RTT	可溶性固形物/% TSS
CK	10.93±0.68b	0.146±0.02a	74.86	10.93±0.33a	0.152±0.01ab	71.91	11.88±0.56ab	0.163±0.02b	72.88	10.62±0.29a
B1	10.75±0.05b	0.166±0.03a	64.76	10.92±0.42a	0.170±0.01a	64.24	12.03±0.45ab	0.191±0.01a	62.98	10.93±0.32a
B2	11.37±0.03ab	0.145±0.01a	78.41	10.68±0.47a	0.159±0.02ab	67.17	12.28±0.25a	0.169±0.01ab	72.66	11.12±0.10a
B3	11.93±0.35a	0.143±0.14a	83.43	11.13±0.10a	0.146±0.02b	76.23	12.63±0.55a	0.160±0.01b	78.93	11.27±0.38a
B4	11.38±0.41ab	0.161±0.02a	70.68	11.33±0.53a	0.168±0.01ab	67.44	11.27±0.81b	0.168±0.01b	67.08	11.40±0.93a

处理 Treatments	2018年
处理 Treatments	可溶性固形物/% TSS	可滴定酸/% TA	固酸比 RTT	可溶性固形物/% TSS	可滴定酸/% TA	固酸比 RTT	可溶性固形物/% TSS	可滴定酸/% TA	固酸比 RTT	可溶性固形物/% TSS
CK	10.93±0.68b	0.146±0.02a	74.86	10.93±0.33a	0.152±0.01ab	71.91	11.88±0.56ab	0.163±0.02b	72.88	10.62±0.29a
B1	10.75±0.05b	0.166±0.03a	64.76	10.92±0.42a	0.170±0.01a	64.24	12.03±0.45ab	0.191±0.01a	62.98	10.93±0.32a
B2	11.37±0.03ab	0.145±0.01a	78.41	10.68±0.47a	0.159±0.02ab	67.17	12.28±0.25a	0.169±0.01ab	72.66	11.12±0.10a
B3	11.93±0.35a	0.143±0.14a	83.43	11.13±0.10a	0.146±0.02b	76.23	12.63±0.55a	0.160±0.01b	78.93	11.27±0.38a
B4	11.38±0.41ab	0.161±0.02a	70.68	11.33±0.53a	0.168±0.01ab	67.44	11.27±0.81b	0.168±0.01b	67.08	11.40±0.93a

处理 Treatments	2018年可溶性总糖 2018 total soluble sugar	2019年可溶性总糖 2019 total soluble sugar	2020年可溶性总糖 2020 total soluble sugar	2021年可溶性总糖 2021 total soluble sugar
CK	79.24±0.85a	80.60±1.47ab	74.12±0.39a	76.36±6.54a
B1	81.86±1.75a	81.48±5.24ab	79.15±6.26a	77.90±1.86a
B2	85.98±7.63a	81.83±1.75ab	80.26±3.60a	77.08±4.51a
B3	89.32±9.48a	83.96±4.37a	80.54±2.96a	79.56±2.68a
B4	84.47±4.15a	77.14±3.16b	80.22±6.38a	73.15±5.87a

处理 Treatments	2018年可溶性总糖 2018 total soluble sugar	2019年可溶性总糖 2019 total soluble sugar	2020年可溶性总糖 2020 total soluble sugar	2021年可溶性总糖 2021 total soluble sugar
CK	79.24±0.85a	80.60±1.47ab	74.12±0.39a	76.36±6.54a
B1	81.86±1.75a	81.48±5.24ab	79.15±6.26a	77.90±1.86a
B2	85.98±7.63a	81.83±1.75ab	80.26±3.60a	77.08±4.51a
B3	89.32±9.48a	83.96±4.37a	80.54±2.96a	79.56±2.68a
B4	84.47±4.15a	77.14±3.16b	80.22±6.38a	73.15±5.87a

处理 Treatments	2018年果实硬度 2018 fruit firmness	2019年果实硬度 2019 fruit firmness	2021年果实硬度 2021 fruit firmness
CK	7.74±0.04a	7.76±0.21a	8.17±0.45a
B1	7.62±0.23ab	7.80±0.13a	7.78±0.38a
B2	7.50±0.13ab	7.68±0.17a	7.81±0.33a
B3	7.40±0.12b	7.73±0.20a	8.19±0.64a
B4	7.42±0.15b	7.85±0.15a	8.58±0.44a

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