Effects of Long-term Nitrogen Reduction and Efficiency Increase on Ammonia Volatilization and Crop Yield in Fluvo-Aquic Soil under Wheat-Maize Rotation System

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20195528

Abstract

Abstract:

The effects of different nitrogen reduction and efficiency enhancement measures on ammonia volatilization and crop yield in fluvo-aquic soil of wheat-maize rotation system were studied to provide guidance for rational fertilization and agricultural environmental protection.A long-term nitrogen reduction was carried out since 2016 at the experimental station of Xuchang fluvo-aquic soil area in Henan Province.No nitrogen fertilizer control(CK),conventional nitrogen fertilizer(100N),20% nitrogen reduction(80N),and 20% nitrogen reduction combined with straw returning(80NS),nitrification inhibitor(80NI),and biochar(80NB)were set up.The soil physical and chemical properties,annual ammonia volatilization characteristics and wheat and maize yield of different treatments were studied from 2021 to 2022.In the wheat season,the pH value of 80NS,80NI and 80NB treatments was significantly higher than that of 100N treatment.The organic matter content significantly increased, while the soil bulk density significantly decreased in the 80NS and 80NB treatments, compared with the 80N and CK treatments, respectively. At the base fertilizer stage of wheat,the ammonia volatilization accumulation of 80NS,80NI and 80NB treatments was significantly lower than that of 100N by 28.71%,35.61% and 22.99%,respectively.During the topdressing stage of wheat season,the ammonia volatilization accumulation of 80NS and 80NB treatments was significantly lower than that of 100N by 14.94% and 17.58%,respectively.The ammonia volatilization accumulation of 80NS and 80NI treatments was significantly increased by 22.27% and 27.69% compared with 80N.During the whole growth period of wheat,the accumulation of ammonia volatilization in different nitrogen treatments accounted for 1.31%-2.47% of the nitrogen application rate,showing 100N> 80NB> 80NS> 80NI> 80N.In the maize season,compared with the accumulation of ammonia volatilization under 100N treatment,80N and 80NS treatments significantly decreased by 37.14% and 29.63%,respectively,and 80NI treatment significantly increased by 60.83%.Compared with 80N treatment,the accumulation of ammonia volatilization in 80NI and 80NB treatments increased significantly by 155.79% and 44.05%.The accumulation of ammonia volatilization in maize growth period accounted for 5.81%-14.86% of nitrogen application rate,showing 80NI> 100N> 80NB> 80NS> 80N.The wheat yield results indicated that compared with 100N treatment,80N treatment significantly reduced the yield by 16.67%,while 80NS,80NI and 80NB treatments did not significantly reduce the yield.Maize yield data showed that there was no significant difference between 100N treatment and four nitrogen reduction treatments.In summary,the application of nitrification inhibitors,straw and biochar on the basis of reducing nitrogen by 20% in the experimental fluvo-aquic soil can effectively improve soil fertility and stabilize crop yield.However,nitrification inhibitors and biochar significantly increase the accumulation of ammonia volatilization in maize season,which needs special attention in actual production.

Key words: Wheat-maize rotation, Fluvo-aquic soil, Nitrogen fertilizer reduction, Nitrification inhibitor, Biochar, Straw returning, Ammonia volatilization

CLC Number:

S143.1氮肥

WANG Zheng, SHANG Yuanyi, WANG Mengyu, ZHANG Qian, ZHANG Limei, ZHANG Shuiqing, HAN Yanlai, LI Peipei. Effects of Long-term Nitrogen Reduction and Efficiency Increase on Ammonia Volatilization and Crop Yield in Fluvo-Aquic Soil under Wheat-Maize Rotation System[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2025, 40(4): 128-135. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195528.

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References 33

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作物 Crop	处理 Treatment	全氮/(g/kg) Total N	有机质/(g/kg) Organic matter	pH	容重/(g/cm³) Bulk density
小麦	CK	1.19±0.04b	20.41±0.14b	8.00±0.01b	1.44±0.05a
Wheat	100N	1.40±0.09a	21.67±0.58ab	7.99±0.02b	1.35±0.05ab
	80N	1.26±0.06a	21.07±0.31b	7.99±0.02b	1.28±0.04ab
	80NS	1.35±0.05a	22.32±0.27a	8.08±0.03a	1.24±0.08b
	80NI	1.44±0.01a	21.12±0.16b	8.08±0.00a	1.30±0.07ab
	80NB	1.34±0.07a	22.11±0.35a	8.09±0.04a	1.20±0.16b
玉米	CK	1.18±0.06c	20.11±0.10b	8.08±0.01a	1.45±0.09a
Maize	100N	1.36±0.17a	21.83±0.29ab	8.05±0.04a	1.43±0.02a
	80N	1.25±0.02b	20.83±0.29b	8.07±0.01a	1.38±0.04ab
	80NS	1.36±0.10a	22.17±0.15a	8.07±0.05a	1.31±0.02b
	80NI	1.37±0.08a	21.25±2.09ab	8.06±0.02a	1.43±0.10a
	80NB	1.39±0.01a	22.16±0.14a	8.09±0.02a	1.40±0.02ab

作物 Crop	处理 Treatment	全氮/(g/kg) Total N	有机质/(g/kg) Organic matter	pH	容重/(g/cm³) Bulk density
小麦	CK	1.19±0.04b	20.41±0.14b	8.00±0.01b	1.44±0.05a
Wheat	100N	1.40±0.09a	21.67±0.58ab	7.99±0.02b	1.35±0.05ab
	80N	1.26±0.06a	21.07±0.31b	7.99±0.02b	1.28±0.04ab
	80NS	1.35±0.05a	22.32±0.27a	8.08±0.03a	1.24±0.08b
	80NI	1.44±0.01a	21.12±0.16b	8.08±0.00a	1.30±0.07ab
	80NB	1.34±0.07a	22.11±0.35a	8.09±0.04a	1.20±0.16b
玉米	CK	1.18±0.06c	20.11±0.10b	8.08±0.01a	1.45±0.09a
Maize	100N	1.36±0.17a	21.83±0.29ab	8.05±0.04a	1.43±0.02a
	80N	1.25±0.02b	20.83±0.29b	8.07±0.01a	1.38±0.04ab
	80NS	1.36±0.10a	22.17±0.15a	8.07±0.05a	1.31±0.02b
	80NI	1.37±0.08a	21.25±2.09ab	8.06±0.02a	1.43±0.10a
	80NB	1.39±0.01a	22.16±0.14a	8.09±0.02a	1.40±0.02ab

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