Effects of Rotation Tillage Pattern on Wheat Photosynthetic Characteristics, Yield,and Soil Nutrients in Fluvo-aquic Soil in North Henan

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20193066

Abstract

Abstract:

To select the optimum tillage mode for the fluvo-aquic soil in North Henan,a three-year field experiment was carried out during 2016 to 2019. The experiment was designed with five combinations of three different tillage practices in wheat season as continuous rotary tillage(RT-RT-RT);deep tillage-rotary tillage-rotary tillage(DT-RT-RT);deep tillage-rotary tillage-strip rotary tillage(DT-RT-SRT);deep tillage-strip rotary tillage-strip rotary tillage(DT-SRT-SRT);deep tillage-strip tillage-rotary tillage(DT-SRT-RT). The photosynthetic indexes,soil available nutrients,and wheat yield were measured and analyzed under different treatments. The results showed that compared with RT-RT-RT,photosynthetic characteristics under different rotation tillage treatments improved. Compared with RT-RT-RT,the net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance under DT-SRT-RT increased by 10.85%,7.83%,respectively. The chlorophyll content increased gradually with the growth stage under DT-SRT-RT,and it was significantly higher than that under RT-RT-RT at the filling stage,with an increment of 16.52%. The content of available nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium in the 0-50 cm soil layer increased under treatments with rotation tillage. Additionally,the spike number,grains per spike,1000-grain weight,and yield of wheat under DT-SRT-RT were higher than those under RT-RT-RT,therein,the yield under DT-SRT-RT was the highest with an increment of 14.64%. The correlation analysis showed that the net photosynthetic rate was positively correlated with wheat yield,which reached significant level at the flowering period. The contents of nitrate nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium in surface soil were significantly positively correlated with wheat yield. Generally,for the fluvo-aquic soil area in North Henan,the photosynthetic characteristics of wheat,soil available nutrients content and the components of yield were improved by rotation tillage modes,and therein,the DT-SRT-RT was the optimum one.

Key words: Wheat, Rotation tillage, Photosynthetic characteristics, Yield, Soil nutrients, Fluvo-aquic soil in North Henan

NIU Runzhi, ZHU Changwei, JIANG Guiying, YANG Jin, LUO Lan, SHEN Fengmin, LIU Fang, LIU Shiliang. Effects of Rotation Tillage Pattern on Wheat Photosynthetic Characteristics, Yield,and Soil Nutrients in Fluvo-aquic Soil in North Henan[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2022, 37(4): 182-189. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20193066.

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References 35

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处理 Treatment	穗数/(万穗/hm²) Spike number	穗粒数 Grains per spike	千粒质量/g 1000-grain weight	产量/(kg/hm²) Yield	氮肥偏生产力/(kg/kg) Nitrogen partial productivity
RT-RT-RT	574.00±12.68d	28.43±0.98b	41.89±1.03c	5 719±153d	27.24±0.73d
DT-RT-RT	636.00±8.83b	28.93±1.00ab	43.36±1.90bc	6 300±53b	30.00±0.25b
DT-RT-SRT	604.33±6.18c	26.20±1.80c	48.57±1.54a	6 003±95c	28.59±0.45c
DT-SRT-SRT	648.33±12.28ab	30.80±1.00a	44.13±1.20bc	6 477±36ab	30.84±0.17ab
DT-SRT-RT	667.00±8.04a	31.00±0.59a	46.22±0.95ab	6 557±67a	31.22±0.32a

处理 Treatment	穗数/(万穗/hm²) Spike number	穗粒数 Grains per spike	千粒质量/g 1000-grain weight	产量/(kg/hm²) Yield	氮肥偏生产力/(kg/kg) Nitrogen partial productivity
RT-RT-RT	574.00±12.68d	28.43±0.98b	41.89±1.03c	5 719±153d	27.24±0.73d
DT-RT-RT	636.00±8.83b	28.93±1.00ab	43.36±1.90bc	6 300±53b	30.00±0.25b
DT-RT-SRT	604.33±6.18c	26.20±1.80c	48.57±1.54a	6 003±95c	28.59±0.45c
DT-SRT-SRT	648.33±12.28ab	30.80±1.00a	44.13±1.20bc	6 477±36ab	30.84±0.17ab
DT-SRT-RT	667.00±8.04a	31.00±0.59a	46.22±0.95ab	6 557±67a	31.22±0.32a

生育时期 Growth stage	穗数 Spike number	穗粒数 Grains per spike	千粒质量 1000-grain weight	产量 Yield
拔节期Jointing stage	0.396	0.313	-0.193	0.332
抽穗期Heading stage	0.712^**	0.097	0.484	0.626^*
开花期Flowering stage	0.792^**	0.428	0.224	0.763^**
灌浆期Filling stage	0.712^**	0.313	0.308	0.578

生育时期 Growth stage	穗数 Spike number	穗粒数 Grains per spike	千粒质量 1000-grain weight	产量 Yield
拔节期Jointing stage	0.396	0.313	-0.193	0.332
抽穗期Heading stage	0.712^**	0.097	0.484	0.626^*
开花期Flowering stage	0.792^**	0.428	0.224	0.763^**
灌浆期Filling stage	0.712^**	0.313	0.308	0.578

土层深度/cm Soil depth	硝态氮 Nitrate nitrogen	铵态氮 Ammonium nitrogen	碱解氮 Available nitrogen	有效磷 Available phosphorus	速效钾 Available potassium
0~10	0.722^**	0.797^**	0.171	0.721^**	0.753^**
10~20	0.641^*	0.542^*	0.391	0.000	0.674^**
20~30	0.557^*	0.534^*	0.383	0.627^*	0.442
30~40	0.543^*	0.612^*	0.143	0.580^*	0.492
40~50	0.283	0.076	-0.115	0.283	0.214

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