Soil Microbial Mechanism of Modified Biochar in Coastal Saline-alkali Agroecosystem

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20194681

Abstract

Abstract:

To improve the applicability of biochar in saline-alkali agroecosystem,the effect and microbial mechanism of modified biochar were studied.In a 2-year field experiment,common biochar(4.5 t/ha),nitrogen-rich modified biochar(7.5 t/ha)and phosphorus-rich modified biochar(15.0 t/ha)were added to investigate their impact on crop grain yield,soil physicochemical properties and soil microbial diversity.It had been observed that the addition of biochar enhanced the quality of saline-alkali soil,with nitrogen-rich modified biochar and phosphorus-rich modified biochar demonstrating more notable effects.Biochar could boost crop yield,improve soil structure and reduce soil bulk density in saline-alkali land.The effects of the three biochar types were not consistent.Among them,the application of 15.0 t/ha phosphorus-rich modified biochar showed favorable responses,with grain yield of(8.92±0.12)t/ha,representing a 110% increase compared to the control group.Biochar affected soil microbial diversity.Common biochar increased soil microbial diversity,whereas phosphorus-rich modified biochar decreased it.With the continuous addition of biochar,soil physical and chemical properties could affect the relationship between soil microorganisms and plant structure,weakening their relationships.In this study,the application of 15.0 t/ha phosphorus-rich modified biochar was recommended to improve saline-alkali agroecosystem.

Key words: Soil microbial diversity, Biochar, Saline land, Crops yield

ZHANG Hui, ZHAO Jie, LI Mengqi, CHENG Wenjuan, CHEN Kun, LI Li, XIAO Hui. Soil Microbial Mechanism of Modified Biochar in Coastal Saline-alkali Agroecosystem[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2024, 39(3): 159-165. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20194681.

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Figures/Tables 7

Tab.1 Physiochemical properties of corn stalks

有机质/% SOM	比表面积/(m²/g) Specific surface area	灰分含量/% Ash content	元素组成/% Element composition
有机质/% SOM	比表面积/(m²/g) Specific surface area	灰分含量/% Ash content	C	H	N	O
86.41	3.75	12.14	43.64	7.12	0.74	36.72

Tab.2 Ash content,pH,elemental composition and specific surface area of biochar

生物炭类型 Biochar type	元素组成/% Element composition				灰分含量/% Ash content	比表面积/(m²/g) Specific surface area	pH
生物炭类型 Biochar type	C	H	N	O	灰分含量/% Ash content	比表面积/(m²/g) Specific surface area	pH
普通生物炭 Common biochar	61.87	4.25	1.56	18.95	14.56±0.11	6.33	7.88±0.05
氮改性生物炭 Nitrogen-rich modified biochar	45.50	3.65	3.28	22.09	26.11±1.04	7.90	7.70±0.01
磷改性生物炭 Phosphorus-rich modified biochar	48.39	3.84	1.34	21.18	15.37±0.11	9.06	7.51±0.01

Fig.1 Effects of biochar on crop yield Different letters indicate a significant difference at 0.05 significance level(mean±standard deviation).The same as Fig.2—4.

Fig.2 Effects of biochar on soil physiochemical properties

Fig.3 Effects of biochar on soil bulk density,pH and salt content

Fig.4 Effects of biochar on Chao,Shannon,Simpson index of bacteria and fungi

Fig.5 Mantel correlation tests for soil microorganisms,plants,and environmental factors in 2021 and 2022

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