Effects of Straw Biochar Application on Grain Yield of Wheat and Physicochemical Properties in Fluvio-aquatic Soil

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.2018.03.034

Abstract

Abstract: To explore response of biochar application on wheat yield,physicochemical properties and fertility in fluvio-aquatic soil in wheat and maize rotation system of Northern China,a fixed field experiment was carried out with 4 straw biochar application treatments (0,2.25,6.75,11.25 t/ha,expressed as BC0,BC2.25,BC6.75 and BC11.25). The results showed that one crop season with biochar application had no significant effects on grain yield,biomass of wheat,nitrate nitrogen content (NO₃^--N),soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (TN) content. After 9 crop seasons of continuous biochar application,compared with BC0,BC2.25,BC6.75 and BC11.25 treatments increased grain yield by 24.5%,8.8% and 9.1%(P<0.05),and increased biomass by 18.8%,8.1% and 6.1% at the P <0.05 level,respectively. Furthermore,soil bulk density (SBD) in topsoil decreased with the increased of the amount of biochar,but soil moisture content and total porosity was enhanced. Compared with the control,BC6.75 treatment increased soil total porosity and soil moisture content by 14.1% and 34.4%,and decreased SBD by 10.7%,respectively,and BC11.25 treatment increased soil total porosity by 26.0% and soil moisture content by 42.2%,and decreased SBD by 19.6%,respectively. After 9 crop seasons with biochar application,the content of NO₃^--N,SOC and TN in topsoil under the BC6.75 and BC11.25 treatments were significantly higher than those of BC2.25 and BC0. In the 9th season,BC6.75 treatment showed a significant increase in NO₃^--N content of 128.7%. Moreover,compared with the control,BC6.75 and BC11.25 treatments increased SOC by 127.9% and 179.6%,and increased TN by 25.4% and 30.5%,respectively. The experiment showed that the long-term continuous application of biochar decreased SBD,increased soil moisture content and total porosity,increased NO₃^--N,SOC and TN content in topsoil,and improved grain yield and biomass of wheat. However,compared with the BC2.25 treatment,the BC6.75 and BC11.25 treatments significantly decreased grain yield of wheat in 9th season. Considering the effects of long-term application of biochar on wheat yield and soil physicochemical properties,biochar application with 2.25 t/ha had a good prospect in fluvio-aquatic soil of North China Plain.

Key words: Straw biochar, Fluvio-aquatic soil, Wheat yield, Soil physical and chemical properties

CLC Number:

S156
S512.01

LIU Yujuan, XIE Yingxin, DONG Cheng, HE Dexian, MA Dongyun, WANG Chenyang, GUO Tiancai. Effects of Straw Biochar Application on Grain Yield of Wheat and Physicochemical Properties in Fluvio-aquatic Soil[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2018, 33(3): 232-238. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2018.03.034.

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