Abstract: Soil quality is one of the important influencing factors of crop yield, and straw returning and reasonable fertilization are key measures to adjust soil quality. In order to explore the best interaction between straw returning and nitrogen application to improve soil quality and wheat yield,Jinmai 106 was selected as the test material, and a long-term positioning experiment was carried out in Fenyang, Shanxi. Through the Split-field test, the main area had set three levels of straw return:no return, half return, and full return, and the subsidiary area had three levels of nitrogen application:full nitrogen, 80% nitrogen, and no nitrogen. To study the effects of straw returning and nitrogen application on soil quality and wheat yield. The results showed that under the same treatment, the soil bulk density of 0-20 cm soil layer was lower than that of 20-40 cm soil layer. Under the interaction of straw returning and nitrogen application, the amount of straw returning increased and the soil bulk density decreased. Among them, the soil bulk density of the 10-20 cm soil layer was the lowest when the straw was returned to the field and the nitrogen fertilizer (SF1) was applied in full. There were differences in soil organic carbon, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, total nitrogen and total phosphorus under different treatments. Under the SF1 treatment, the nutrient stratification ratio was the smallest, and the effect of this interaction on the nutrient content of the 0-40 cm soil layer was significant(P<0.05). Under SF1 treatment, soil catalase activity and alkaline phosphatase activity were the highest. The yield of straw returning under the conditions of 80% nitrogen application (SF0.8) and SF1 was significantly higher than other treatment conditions(P<0.05). Among them, the yield was the highest under SF1 conditions. The interaction of straw returning and nitrogen application at a reasonable ratio can significantly improve soil quality and increase wheat yield.

Key words: Wheat yield, Straw returning, Nitrogen application, Split-field test, Soil quality

CLC Number: 

• S143.1

• S512.2+1