Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Amounts of Foliar Fertilizers on Nitrogen Accumulation,Translocation and Utilization in Maize

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20195014

Abstract

Abstract:

The aim was to elucidate the effects of different foliar fertilizer nitrogen application amounts on nitrogen accumulation,translocation,and utilization in maize.This experiment was conducted in 2021—2022 using a randomized block design,with maize variety Lihe 1 as the research object.No fertilization treatment (CK),conventional root fertilization treatment (CF),foliar nitrogen reduction treatment of 20% (LF1),foliar conventional nitrogen application treatment (LF2),and foliar nitrogen increase treatment of 20% (LF3) were set up to analyze the differences in nitrogen accumulation,translocation,and utilization of maize under different nitrogen fertilizer application amounts,no fertilization and conventional root fertilization.The results showed that the nitrogen accumulation in maize stems and leaves showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the advancement of the growth stage,reaching the maximum value at the tasseling and silking stage.The nitrogen accumulation per plant gradually increased with the advancement of the growth stage and reached its maximum value at mature stage,the nitrogen accumulation per plant was highest in the LF2 treatment.The proportion of nitrogen distribution in leaves was highest before the silking stage;after the silking stage,the proportion of nitrogen distribution in grains gradually increased,reaching its peak at mature stage.The CK had the lowest proportion of nitrogen accumulation in grains,while the LF1 treatment had the highest proportion of nitrogen distribution in grains in 2021,and the LF3 treatment had the highest proportion of nitrogen distribution in grains in 2022.The nitrogen transport rate and the contribution rate of nitrogen transport to grains first increased and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen application amounts,the nitrogen harvest index and nitrogen utilization efficiency decreased with the increase of nitrogen application amounts;in 2021 and 2022,the nitrogen utilization efficiency of LF1 treatment,LF2 treatment,and LF3 treatment was higher than that of CF treatment,and the nitrogen utilization efficiency of LF1 treatment was the highest.The nitrogen absorption efficiency of foliar nitrogen application treatment for two years was higher than that of CF treatment.There were no significant differences in ear length,ear thickness,and ear row number among the treatments.CK had the longest bald tip length,and the row number and hundred grain weight of each nitrogen application treatment were higher than those of CK.CF treatment had the highest biological yield,while LF1 treatment had the highest grain yield and harvest index.The grain yield of each treatment was significantly higher than CK,and the harvest index decreased with increasing nitrogen application amounts.Therefore,maize can achieve better growth effects under LF1 foliar nitrogen application in the central and western regions of Inner Mongolia.

Key words: Maize, Foliar fertilizer, Nitrogen application amount, Nitrogen utilization efficiency

ZHANG Xuting, ZHANG Hailong, ZHANG Jiaqian, LIU Yanan, ZHANG Dejian, FU Zengjuan, XUE Chunlei, ZHANG Sainan, SUN Fengcheng. Effects of Different Nitrogen Application Amounts of Foliar Fertilizers on Nitrogen Accumulation,Translocation and Utilization in Maize[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2025, 40(2): 117-126. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195014.

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References 25

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年份 Year	处理 Treatment	氮素转运率/% NTE	籽粒贡献率/% NCP	氮素收获指数 NHI	氮素利用效率/ (kg/kg) NUE	氮素吸收效率/ (kg/kg) NupE
2021	CK	61.42±0.21b	49.88±0.76b	0.70±0.01bc	—	—
	CF	55.41±0.64d	45.15±0.48c	0.68±0.04c	24.68±0.19d	2.99±0.08d
	LF1	59.05±0.70c	45.96±0.49c	0.74±0.03a	31.29±0.17a	11.91±0.13a
	LF2	64.60±1.18a	55.96±0.18a	0.72±0.02ab	27.68±0.13b	10.94±0.10b
	LF3	57.88±0.62cd	40.28±0.27d	0.68±0.01c	25.57±0.16c	9.54±0.12c
2022	CK	70.28±0.14b	60.76±0.21a	0.73±0.01a	—	—
	CF	58.16±0.23d	44.52±0.14d	0.71±0.04b	34.39±0.17c	2.88±0.05c
	LF1	69.23±0.25b	59.54±0.26b	0.74±0.01a	46.16±0.18a	9.11±0.06b
	LF2	71.92±1.82a	60.52±0.22a	0.75±0.03a	43.06±0.10b	9.48±0.02a
	LF3	64.29±0.25c	57.09±0.13c	0.69±0.02ab	42.20±0.93b	9.14±0.04b

年份 Year	处理 Treatment	氮素转运率/% NTE	籽粒贡献率/% NCP	氮素收获指数 NHI	氮素利用效率/ (kg/kg) NUE	氮素吸收效率/ (kg/kg) NupE
2021	CK	61.42±0.21b	49.88±0.76b	0.70±0.01bc	—	—
	CF	55.41±0.64d	45.15±0.48c	0.68±0.04c	24.68±0.19d	2.99±0.08d
	LF1	59.05±0.70c	45.96±0.49c	0.74±0.03a	31.29±0.17a	11.91±0.13a
	LF2	64.60±1.18a	55.96±0.18a	0.72±0.02ab	27.68±0.13b	10.94±0.10b
	LF3	57.88±0.62cd	40.28±0.27d	0.68±0.01c	25.57±0.16c	9.54±0.12c
2022	CK	70.28±0.14b	60.76±0.21a	0.73±0.01a	—	—
	CF	58.16±0.23d	44.52±0.14d	0.71±0.04b	34.39±0.17c	2.88±0.05c
	LF1	69.23±0.25b	59.54±0.26b	0.74±0.01a	46.16±0.18a	9.11±0.06b
	LF2	71.92±1.82a	60.52±0.22a	0.75±0.03a	43.06±0.10b	9.48±0.02a
	LF3	64.29±0.25c	57.09±0.13c	0.69±0.02ab	42.20±0.93b	9.14±0.04b

年份 Year	处理 Treatment	穗长/cm Spike length	穗粗/cm Spike width	秃尖长/cm Bald tip length	穗行数 The number of rows	行粒数 Grain number per row	百粒质量/g Hundred-grain weight
2021	CK	15.32±0.17c	4.72±0.10b	2.43±0.08a	16.00±0.00c	35.00±0.88c	34.13±0.89b
	CF	18.01±0.21ab	4.93±0.07ab	1.95±0.09b	17.00±0.00b	38.00±0.58bc	38.06±0.77a
	LF1	17.32±0.22b	4.66±0.20b	1.69±0.05c	17.00±0.00b	37.00±0.32bc	37.88±1.22ab
	LF2	17.92±0.54b	5.21±0.16a	1.83±0.08bc	18.00±0.00a	41.00±0.63a	39.42±1.41a
	LF3	18.64±0.15a	5.06±0.11ab	1.92±0.07bc	18.00±0.00a	39.00±0.72ab	37.01±1.22ab
2022	CK	17.46±0.95a	4.90±0.12a	2.36±0.07a	16.00±0.00b	37.00±1.20a	35.29±0.70ab
	CF	18.84±1.04a	5.15±0.06a	1.84±0.05b	17.00±0.00a	39.00±1.73a	39.61±0.88a
	LF1	17.96±0.94a	5.02±0.07a	1.50±0.05c	17.00±0.00a	41.00±1.15a	36.15±0.80ab
	LF2	18.67±1.18a	5.17±0.08a	1.77±0.09b	17.00±0.00a	40.00±1.15a	38.86±0.63ab
	LF3	18.86±1.11a	5.03±0.10a	1.70±0.05b	17.00±0.00a	41.00±0.58a	35.93±1.16b

年份 Year	处理 Treatment	穗长/cm Spike length	穗粗/cm Spike width	秃尖长/cm Bald tip length	穗行数 The number of rows	行粒数 Grain number per row	百粒质量/g Hundred-grain weight
2021	CK	15.32±0.17c	4.72±0.10b	2.43±0.08a	16.00±0.00c	35.00±0.88c	34.13±0.89b
	CF	18.01±0.21ab	4.93±0.07ab	1.95±0.09b	17.00±0.00b	38.00±0.58bc	38.06±0.77a
	LF1	17.32±0.22b	4.66±0.20b	1.69±0.05c	17.00±0.00b	37.00±0.32bc	37.88±1.22ab
	LF2	17.92±0.54b	5.21±0.16a	1.83±0.08bc	18.00±0.00a	41.00±0.63a	39.42±1.41a
	LF3	18.64±0.15a	5.06±0.11ab	1.92±0.07bc	18.00±0.00a	39.00±0.72ab	37.01±1.22ab
2022	CK	17.46±0.95a	4.90±0.12a	2.36±0.07a	16.00±0.00b	37.00±1.20a	35.29±0.70ab
	CF	18.84±1.04a	5.15±0.06a	1.84±0.05b	17.00±0.00a	39.00±1.73a	39.61±0.88a
	LF1	17.96±0.94a	5.02±0.07a	1.50±0.05c	17.00±0.00a	41.00±1.15a	36.15±0.80ab
	LF2	18.67±1.18a	5.17±0.08a	1.77±0.09b	17.00±0.00a	40.00±1.15a	38.86±0.63ab
	LF3	18.86±1.11a	5.03±0.10a	1.70±0.05b	17.00±0.00a	41.00±0.58a	35.93±1.16b

年份 Year	处理 Treatment	生物产量/(kg/hm²) Biological yield	籽粒产量/(kg/hm²) Grain yield	收获指数 Harvest index
2021	CK	21 353.17±201.56b	10 620.87±176.54b	0.50±0.01a
	CF	26 026.58±132.23a	13 420.96±226.43a	0.52±0.02a
	LF1	25 698.92±148.05a	13 860.29±186.35a	0.54±0.01a
	LF2	24 090.25±165.36ab	12 699.74±165.64a	0.53±0.04a
	LF3	24 839.83±156.94ab	12 577.27±144.48a	0.51±0.02a
2022	CK	24 058.75±165.36b	12 576.90±210.35b	0.52±0.02b
	CF	31 082.08±366.63a	17 655.43±182.35a	0.57±0.01ab
	LF1	30 080.25±324.85a	17 836.42±153.67a	0.59±0.04a
	LF2	29 437.08±246.78a	16 720.23±197.63a	0.57±0.06ab
	LF3	29 369.00±179.35a	17 219.89±230.45a	0.58±0.04a

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