Effects of Chemical Fertilizer Reduction and Organic Fertilizer Application on Soil Quality,Eggplant Yield and Quality in Solar Greenhouse

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20193466

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to investigate the effects of chemical fertilizer reduction and combined application of organic fertilizer on soil microbial quantity,nutrient content,eggplant yield,quality and water use efficiency in Hexi oasis,the field experiments of seven different treatments were carried out in 2019 and 2020 with purple long eggplant Tianlong 8 as the test material.Seven treatments were set up,including 100% common chemical fertilizer(FH),80% common chemical fertilizer+20% organic fertilizer(FE),60% common chemical fertilizer+40% organic fertilizer(FS),40% common chemical fertilizer+60% organic fertilizer(FF),20% common chemical fertilizer+80% organic fertilizer(FT),100% organic fertilizer(FZ)and no fertilizer control(CK).The changes of soil microbial quantity,nutrient content and yield in 0-20 cm after eggplant harvest were analyzed.The results showed that chemical fertilizer reduction combined with organic fertilizer could increase the number of bacteria,fungi,actinomycetes and the contents of total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium and organic matter in soil.Among them,60% chemical fertilizer+40% organic fertilizer had the best improvement effect,followed by 80% chemical fertilizer+20% organic fertilizer.The combined application of pure chemical fertilizer had little effect on the growth dynamics of eggplant,but the combined application of organic fertilizer could significantly promote the nutrient absorption of eggplant,increase plant height,stem diameter and leaf area index,and regulate the yield components,laying the foundation for high yield of eggplant.Chemical fertilizer reduction combined with organic fertilizer can promote the distribution of eggplant photosynthetic products to fruit and improve eggplant yield.The economic yield of 60% chemical fertilizer+40% organic fertilizer treatment was the highest(42 716.15 kg/ha),followed by 40% ordinary chemical fertilizer+60% organic fertilizer(41 922.06 kg/ha)and 80% ordinary chemical fertilizer+20% organic fertilizer(40 302.74 kg/ha),which were 53.64%,50.78% and 44.96% higher than CK.Chemical fertilizer reduction combined with organic fertilizer can improve the water and heat status of soil tillage layer and improve the water use efficiency of eggplant.The water use efficiency of FS was the highest(10.46 kg/m³),followed by FF(10.37 kg/hm³)and FT(9.79 kg/hm³),which was 47.53%,46.19% and 38.08% higher than that of CK.Therefore,considering the soil environment,yield and water use efficiency,the best recommended treatment is chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer is 60%+40% organic fertilizer.

Key words: Eggplant, Organic fertilizer, Soil quality, Yield, Water use efficiency

XIAO Rang, ZHANG Yongling, ZHAO Yunchen, GUO Shiqian, CUI Zengtuan, SHI Weijie. Effects of Chemical Fertilizer Reduction and Organic Fertilizer Application on Soil Quality,Eggplant Yield and Quality in Solar Greenhouse[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2023, 38(2): 188-198. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20193466.

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Figures/Tables 9

References 29

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处理 Treatment	处理形式 Treatment form	纯氮 Nitrogen	纯磷 Phosphorus	纯钾 Potassium	有机肥 Organic fertilizer
FH	CF100%+OF0%	570	390	480	0
FE	CF80%+OF20%	456	312	384	4 500
FS	CF60%+OF40%	342	234	288	9 000
FF	CF40%+OF60%	228	156	192	13 500
FT	CF20%+OF80%	114	78	96	18 000
FZ	CF0%+OF100%	0	0	0	22 500
CK	CF0%+OF0%	0	0	0	0

处理 Treatment	处理形式 Treatment form	纯氮 Nitrogen	纯磷 Phosphorus	纯钾 Potassium	有机肥 Organic fertilizer
FH	CF100%+OF0%	570	390	480	0
FE	CF80%+OF20%	456	312	384	4 500
FS	CF60%+OF40%	342	234	288	9 000
FF	CF40%+OF60%	228	156	192	13 500
FT	CF20%+OF80%	114	78	96	18 000
FZ	CF0%+OF100%	0	0	0	22 500
CK	CF0%+OF0%	0	0	0	0

处理 Treatment	细菌/ (×10⁵cfu/g) Bacteria	变异系数/% Variation coefficient	真菌/ (×10³cfu/g) Fungus	变异系数/% Variation coefficient	放线菌/ (×10⁵cfu/g) Fungal actinomycetes	变异系数/% Variation coefficient
FH	79.42±5.43d	6.84	17.03±1.48cd	8.69	20.23±2.67d	13.20
FE	106.69±8.19b	7.68	20.34±1.97b	9.69	33.32±3.01b	9.03
FS	126.34±10.07a	7.97	23.90±1.75a	7.32	39.41±2.95a	7.49
FF	98.96±7.64bc	7.72	19.11±1.84bc	9.63	29.61±2.74c	9.25
FT	92.55±8.13c	8.78	18.36±1.51bc	8.22	28.80±2.45c	8.51
FZ	84.16±6.98d	8.29	17.16±1.69cd	9.85	27.88±2.87c	10.29
CK	76.37±5.22d	6.84	15.15±1.28d	8.45	19.03±2.04d	10.72

处理 Treatment	细菌/ (×10⁵cfu/g) Bacteria	变异系数/% Variation coefficient	真菌/ (×10³cfu/g) Fungus	变异系数/% Variation coefficient	放线菌/ (×10⁵cfu/g) Fungal actinomycetes	变异系数/% Variation coefficient
FH	79.42±5.43d	6.84	17.03±1.48cd	8.69	20.23±2.67d	13.20
FE	106.69±8.19b	7.68	20.34±1.97b	9.69	33.32±3.01b	9.03
FS	126.34±10.07a	7.97	23.90±1.75a	7.32	39.41±2.95a	7.49
FF	98.96±7.64bc	7.72	19.11±1.84bc	9.63	29.61±2.74c	9.25
FT	92.55±8.13c	8.78	18.36±1.51bc	8.22	28.80±2.45c	8.51
FZ	84.16±6.98d	8.29	17.16±1.69cd	9.85	27.88±2.87c	10.29
CK	76.37±5.22d	6.84	15.15±1.28d	8.45	19.03±2.04d	10.72

处理 Treatment	全氮 Nitrogen	全磷 Phosphorus	全钾 Potassium	有机质 Organic matter
FH	1.45±0.15b	1.12±0.07b	35.69±1.54bc	12.57±0.85c
FE	1.57±0.08ab	1.09±0.10b	33.97±1.69bc	13.92±0.73bc
FS	1.81±0.14a	1.40±0.09a	42.91±2.03a	14.40±1.08bc
FF	1.49±0.07b	1.04±0.12b	31.73±2.11c	14.65±0.97bc
FT	1.62±0.04ab	1.38±0.06a	37.14±1.84b	16.26±1.27ab
FZ	1.53±0.09ab	1.23±0.11ab	38.30±1.69ab	17.58±1.49a
CK	1.05±0.08c	0.83±0.06c	26.19±1.47d	12.04±0.96c

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