Effects of Nitrogen Application on Fluorescence Characteristics of Cucumber in Fruit Growth Stage under High Temperature Stress

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20192694

Abstract

Abstract:

To reveal the effect process and mechanism of nitrogen application level on the chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of cucumber in fruit stage under high-temperature stress,the Jinyou 101 cucumber was used as the tested material,the air temperatures were set at 35 ℃/25 ℃,38 ℃/28 ℃,41 ℃/31 ℃,in the same time the 28 ℃(daily maximum temperature)/18 ℃(daily minimum temperature)was as the control(CK);the nitrogen(N)application level was set at 0(N0),160(N1),240(N2),320 kg/ha(N3);total 16 treatments and three duplicates.The dynamic parameters of chlorophyll fluorescence of cucumber functional leaves were measured systematically after 9-days high-temperature stress in fruit stage,the differences between in various treatments were also discussed.The PSⅡ reaction centre of cucumber leaves were significantly damaged and the maximum fluorescence(Fm),maximum photochemical quantum yield(Fv/Fm),photosynthetic performance index(PIabs),area enclosed by Fm and fluorescence curve(Area)were significantly decreased after high-temperature stress in fruit stage.Under the 35 ℃ high-temperature stress,the values of ΔW_O-J and ΔW_O-K were negative in treatment N1—N3,and the oxygen evolution complex(OEC)was not inactivated.At the same time,the energy transfer between PSⅡ central thylakoids was unhindered.However,the ΔW_O-J of leaves was positive in treatment N1 under 38 ℃ and treatment N2 under 41 ℃,which means the OEC was inactivated.Therefore,the energy transfer between PSⅡ central thylakoids was blocked due to the positive ΔW_O-K in treatment N1—N3 under the 38,41 ℃.Under the high-temperature stress,the nitrogen application significantly increased the chlorophyll content,Fm,Fv/Fm,PIabs,PItotal,Area and Sm of cucumber leaves,and enhanced the OEC activity and smooth the energy transfer between the PSⅡ central thylakoids;the ABS/RC,TRo/RC and DIo/RC of cucumber leaves also decreased with the increase of nitrogen application level while the electron transfer energy(ETo/RC)increased.Nitrogen application rate and temperature had significant interactive effects on the fluorescence characteristics and yield of cucumber leaves.Under the 35,38,41 ℃high-temperature stress in fruit stage,when the nitrogen application rates were 236,283,177 kg/ha respectively,the photosynthesis of cucumber leaves was stronger and higher yield could be obtained.Therefore,the reasonable nitrogen application could improve the OEC activity of PSⅡ,promote energy transfer,and slow down the inhibition of electron receptor pool on the side of PSⅠ receptor of cucumber leaves under the high-temperature stress in fruit stage,and also improve the orderly progress of photosynthesis.

Key words: Cucumber, Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, Pot experiment, Yield, High-temperature stress, Nitrogen application level

SHI Jiaqi, LIU Yuqing, WANG Yanling, YANG Zaiqiang. Effects of Nitrogen Application on Fluorescence Characteristics of Cucumber in Fruit Growth Stage under High Temperature Stress[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2022, 37(2): 84-95. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20192694.

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Figures/Tables 12

Fig.1 Effect of nitrogen added on the chlorophyll content of cucumber leaves under high temperature stress in fruit stage

Different lowercase letter means significant difference in different N treatments(P<0.05);the different uppercase letter mean significant difference in different growth temperatures(P<0.05).The same as Fig 2—4,9.

Fig.2 Effect of nitrogen added on the Fo and Fm of cucumber leaves under high temperature stress in fruit stage

Fig.3 Effect of nitrogen added on the PSⅡ photochemical activity of cucumber leaves under high temperature stress in fruit stage

Tab.1 Effect of nitrogen added on the PSⅡ photochemical activity in reaction center of cucumber leaves under high temperature stress in fruit stage

温度处理/℃ Temperature treatment	施氮水平 Nitrogen level	ABS/RC	DIo/RC	TRo/RC	ETo/RC
28	N0	2.01±0.32ABa	0.48±0.09ABa	1.52±0.23Aa	0.86±0.10Aa
	N1	1.32±0.03BCb	0.27±0.01BCb	1.06±0.02Ab	0.76±0.02Aab
	N2	1.15±0.03Bb	0.21±0.01Bb	0.94±0.03ABb	0.65±0.02Ab
	N3	1.17±0.09Bb	0.22±0.03Bb	0.95±0.06Ab	0.68±0.09Ab
35	N0	2.40±0.43Aa	0.75±0.20Aa	1.65±0.23Aa	0.58±0.04BCb
	N1	1.54±0.12Ab	0.44±0.05Ab	1.11±0.08Ab	0.63±0.06Bab
	N2	1.29±0.14ABb	0.31±0.06Ab	0.98±0.08ABb	0.68±0.05Aab
	N3	1.33±0.09Ab	0.32±0.04Ab	1.01±0.04Ab	0.71±0.02Aa
38	N0	1.25±0.21Ca	0.27±0.07Ba	0.98±0.14Ba	0.6±0.04Bbc
	N1	1.16±0.06Cab	0.25±0.02Cab	0.92±0.04Bab	0.62±0.02Bb
	N2	1.37±0.02Aa	0.32±0.01Aa	1.06±0.01Aa	0.73±0.01Aa
	N3	0.95±0.02Cb	0.18±0.004Bb	0.77±0.01Bb	0.55±0.02Bc
41	N0	1.41±0.1BCa	0.34±0.05Ba	1.07±0.06Ba	0.45±0.04Cb
	N1	1.40±0.05ABa	0.32±0.02Ba	1.08±0.03Aa	0.63±0.007Ba
	N2	1.16±0.06Bb	0.25±0.01ABb	0.92±0.05Bb	0.63±0.05Aa
	N3	1.15±0.03Bb	0.23±0.02Bb	0.92±0.02Ab	0.68±0.01Aa

Fig.4 Effect of nitrogen added on the Area and Sm of cucumber leaves under high temperature stress in fruit stage

Fig.5 Effect of nitrogen added on the OJIP curve of cucumber leaves under high temperature stress in fruit stage

Fig.6 Effect of nitrogen added on the fluorescence differential kinetics of OJ phase of cucumber leaves under high temperature stress in fruit stage

Fig.7 Effect of nitrogen added on the fluorescence differential kinetics of OK phase of cucumber leaves under high temperature stress in fruit stage

Fig.8 Effect of nitrogen on the fluorescence differential kinetics of OI and IP phase of cucumber leaves under high temperature stress in fruit stage

Fig.9 Effect of nitrogen added on yield of cucumber under high temperature stress in fruit stage

Tab.2 Correlation analysis between yield and nitrogen levels,temperature, chlorophyll content and fluorescence indexes in cucumber leaves

指标 Index	施氮量 Nitrogen levels	温度 Tem- perature	Fo	Fm	Fv/Fm	Area	Sm	PIabs	PItotal	ABS/RC	DIo/RC	TRo/RC	ETo/RC	Chla	Chlb	Chla+ Chlb
产量 Yield	0.52^**	-0.41^**	0.24	0.47^**	0.36^*	0.47^**	0.40^**	0.47^**	0.16	-0.36^*	-0.35^*	-0.35^*	0.17	0.46^**	0.35^*	0.43^**

Tab.3 Variance analysis of yield,chlorophyll content and fluorescence indexes of cucumber under different nitrogen treatments under high temperature stress in fruit stage

处理 Treatment	产量 Yield	Fo	Fm	Fv/Fm	Area	Sm	PIabs	PItotal	ABS/RC	DIo/RC	TRo/RC	ETo/RC	Chla	Chlb	Chla+Chlb
施氮量(N)	^**	^*	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**	NS	^**	^**	^**
Nitrogen rate
温度(T)	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**	NS	^**	^*	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**	^*	^**
Temperature
施氮量×温度	^**	NS	^*	^*	^*	^**	^**	^*	^**	^*	^**	^**	NS	NS	NS
N×T

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