Effects of Nitrogen Management on Grain Yield and Nitrogen Uptake of Proso Millet in Dryland

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20194085

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to solve the problems of non-point source pollution caused by a large amount of nitrogen loss in the early growth stage and insufficient nitrogen supply in the late growth stage of dry land millet in Ningxia,which led to premature senescence and yield reduction.Under the nitrogen application rate of 135 kg/ha,five nitrogen treatments were designed according to the ratio of base fertilizer∶jointing fertilizer∶ear fertilizer.The ratio of base fertilizer∶jointing fertilizer∶ear fertilizer was 6∶2∶2(N1,nitrogen fertilizer was in front),6∶0∶4(N2,conventional nitrogen management),2∶4∶4(N3,the front nitrogen moves backward),4∶6∶0(N4,front nitrogen moved back),4∶0∶6(N5,nitrogen from front to back),no nitrogen fertilizer treatment(CK).The effects of nitrogen fertilizer backward movement on dry matter accumulation,grain yield and nitrogen absorption and utilization efficiency of broomcorn millet were studied.The purpose of this paper was to explore the best nitrogen application period and amount of broomcorn millet.The effects of nitrogen application on dry matter accumulation,grain yield and its components,and nitrogen use efficiency of broomcorn millet in different growth stages were significantly different,and all of them were significantly higher than CK.The effects on grain yield and its components of broomcorn millet were significantly higher than that of CK,and the grain yield of each treatment increased 18.9%,26.6%,30.8%,22.1% and 23.3% compared with CK,respectively.Nitrogen accumulation of each treatment showed spike>stems>leaf>root,and significantly higher than CK.N use efficiency was significantly higher than CK,and N backward treatment(N3,N4,N5)increased by 4.75,3.08 and 2.99 percent points,respectively,compared with nitrogen pre-treatment(N1).Based on principal component analysis and correlation analysis,N3(base fertilizer∶jointing fertilizer∶heading fertilizer ratio of 2∶4∶4)was the best plan for the backward transfer of nitrogen fertilizer in broomcorn millet production in the mountainous area of Southern Ningxia.The appropriate delayed nitrogen transfer could promote the accumulation and transport of dry matter and nitrogen,improve the nitrogen metabolism of broomcorn millet leaves at the late growth stage,delay leaf senescence,and improve the yield of broomcorn millet.

Key words: Millet, Postponed nitrogen application, Yield, Nitrogen use efficiency, Nitrogen absorption

ZHANG Xiaojuan, WANG Zhan, YANG Junxue, LI Kai, CHENG Bingwen. Effects of Nitrogen Management on Grain Yield and Nitrogen Uptake of Proso Millet in Dryland[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2023, 38(S1): 271-279. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20194085.

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References 46

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处理 Treatment	干物质积累Dry matter accumulation
处理 Treatment	苗期 Seeding stage	拔节期 Jointing stage	抽穗期 Heading stage	成熟期 Maturity stage
CK	5.97±0.08f	15.30±0.31e	33.31±0.31e	30.87±0.25e
N1	9.45±0.13a	29.09±0.58c	40.50±0.41c	53.97±0.42d
N2	7.96±0.11c	31.59±0.63a	46.72±0.52b	54.71±0.46cd
N3	7.46±0.09d	30.09±0.60b	55.13±0.61a	55.43±0.40c
N4	8.96±0.12b	23.59±0.47d	27.71±0.32f	68.11±0.56a
N5	7.21±0.09e	29.59±0.59b	37.54±0.44d	63.21±0.56ab

处理 Treatment	干物质积累Dry matter accumulation
处理 Treatment	苗期 Seeding stage	拔节期 Jointing stage	抽穗期 Heading stage	成熟期 Maturity stage
CK	5.97±0.08f	15.30±0.31e	33.31±0.31e	30.87±0.25e
N1	9.45±0.13a	29.09±0.58c	40.50±0.41c	53.97±0.42d
N2	7.96±0.11c	31.59±0.63a	46.72±0.52b	54.71±0.46cd
N3	7.46±0.09d	30.09±0.60b	55.13±0.61a	55.43±0.40c
N4	8.96±0.12b	23.59±0.47d	27.71±0.32f	68.11±0.56a
N5	7.21±0.09e	29.59±0.59b	37.54±0.44d	63.21±0.56ab

处理 Treatment	株高/cm Plant height	穗长/cm Ear length	穗颈长/cm Spike neck length	穗粒质量/g Spike grain weight	主穗质量/g Spike weight	千粒质量/g Thousand kernels weight
CK	144.3±11.83c	29.3±3.16b	20.1±3.25b	6.7±1.94b	10.3±2.34b	7.43±0.35c
N1	151.5±8.00b	32.8±3.01a	20.8±3.46ab	9.5±3.10a	15.2±5.08a	7.81±0.31ab
N2	160.9±5.43a	31.1±3.18ab	20.8±3.99ab	8.6±3.29ab	16.3±4.91a	8.04±0.34ab
N3	154.2±6.34ab	30.9±3.07ab	21.7±4.11ab	10.3±3.25a	15.7±7.22a	7.74±0.22b
N4	156.0±6.48ab	31.0±3.46ab	23.7±4.72a	10.8±4.27a	16.9±6.88a	8.31±0.21a
N5	155.4±6.20ab	31.8±4.34ab	22.0±4.62ab	9.7±4.14a	12.9±4.52ab	8.28±0.25a

处理 Treatment	株高/cm Plant height	穗长/cm Ear length	穗颈长/cm Spike neck length	穗粒质量/g Spike grain weight	主穗质量/g Spike weight	千粒质量/g Thousand kernels weight
CK	144.3±11.83c	29.3±3.16b	20.1±3.25b	6.7±1.94b	10.3±2.34b	7.43±0.35c
N1	151.5±8.00b	32.8±3.01a	20.8±3.46ab	9.5±3.10a	15.2±5.08a	7.81±0.31ab
N2	160.9±5.43a	31.1±3.18ab	20.8±3.99ab	8.6±3.29ab	16.3±4.91a	8.04±0.34ab
N3	154.2±6.34ab	30.9±3.07ab	21.7±4.11ab	10.3±3.25a	15.7±7.22a	7.74±0.22b
N4	156.0±6.48ab	31.0±3.46ab	23.7±4.72a	10.8±4.27a	16.9±6.88a	8.31±0.21a
N5	155.4±6.20ab	31.8±4.34ab	22.0±4.62ab	9.7±4.14a	12.9±4.52ab	8.28±0.25a

主成分主 Principal constituent number	特征值 Eigenvalue	贡献率/% Contribution rate	累计贡献率/% Cumulative contribution rate
1	5.111	73.02	73.02
2	1.097	15.68	88.70
3	0.467	6.68	95.37

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