Effects of Carbonaceous Materials on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties of Soda Saline Soil in Northern Shanxi

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.201751724

Abstract

Abstract: To study the effects of carbonaceous materials on soil improvement and crop growth, the field experiment was conducted on representative soda saline soil in Northern Shanxi. It studied the effects of weathered coal, biochar, cattle manure and corn stalk on soil physical properties,soil salinity, soil nutrient and spring maize growth. The results showed that all carbonaceous materials reduced soil bulk density and improved soil porosity. Soil bulk density followed a trend of weathered coal < cattle manure < corn stalk < biochar < CK. Compared with CK, soil bulk density of weathered coal and cattle manure treatments decreased by 4.73%,7.05% and 5.75%,3.91% for 0-10 cm,10-20 cm soil layers.Carbonaceous materials increased soil organic matter content. Compared with CK,soil organic matter content significantly increased by 54.78%,36.62% for 0-10 cm soil layer and 37.40%,32.95% for 10-20 cm soil layer after applying weathered coal and cattle manure.In addition, the soil pH and total salinity of the 0-20 cm soil layer were significantly reduced by carbonaceous materials.The effects of weathered coal and cattle manure were better than biochar and corn stalk. Compared with CK,soil pH of weathered coal and cattle manure treatments were significantly reduced by 0.59, 0.55 and 0.53, 0.53, while total salinity decreased by 13.49%, 14.27% and 8.10%, 7.35% for 0-10 cm, 10-20 cm soil layers, respectively. Further, carbonaceous materials could reduce the content of water-soluble sodium ions, carbonate ions and bicarbonate ions and the effects of cattle manure and weathered coal treatments were better. The application of carbonaceous materials increased the soil nutrients content, the cattle manure and weathered coal treatments had a great influence on the content of total nitrogen and available phosphorus, and corn stalk treatment had a great influence on the content of available potassium. Carbonaceous materials promoted the growth and yield of spring maize. Plant height, dry matter and yield all followed the trend of weathered coal and cattle manure > corn stalk and biocha > CK.Compared with CK, the spring maize yield of weathered coal and cattle manure treatments significantly increased by 31.81%, 37.72% and 28.58%, 22.99% for 2016 and 2017, respectively. In conclusion,carbonaceous materials had positive influences on the improvement and utilization of soda saline soil, the effects of weathered coal and cattle manure were better than biochar and corn stalk. The study results will provide reference for the application of weathered coal and cattle manure.

Key words: Soda saline soil, Carbonaceous materials, Improvement and utilization, Soil physical and chemical properties

CLC Number:

S156.4

GUO Junling, JIN Hui, WANG Yongliang, GUO Caixia, YANG Zhiping. Effects of Carbonaceous Materials on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties of Soda Saline Soil in Northern Shanxi[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2019, 34(4): 199-207. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.201751724.

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