Effects of Different Fertilization Treatments on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties, Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Maize in Semi-arid Area

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20191096

Abstract

Abstract: In order to explore the different fertilization treatments to improve the soil moisture status and the mechanism of maize yield preservation in the semi-arid area of Northeast China,it provides a theoretical basis for the technical measures of drought resistance and yield increase of maize in the semi-arid area of Northeast China. This study used field tests to set four treatments:farmer habits(CK),single application of straw(S),combined application of chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer(NPK+M),and combined application of chemical fertilizer and straw(NPK+S). Effects of different fertilization treatments on soil physical and chemical properties,corn physiological indexes and yield indexes. The results showed that fertilization could increase the content of N,P,K and organic matter in the soil,reduce the soil pH,and organic and inorganic fertilizers combined with the best application effect. The moisture content of different soil layers in the soil was little affected by the fertilization treatment,but from the data obtained from the experiment,in the 0-20 cm soil layer,the organic and inorganic fertilizers combined with the application of the treatment of the soil moisture content,field water holding capacity, the saturated water content reached the maximum value. Reasonable application of organic and inorganic fertilizers could promote plants to absorb nutrients more balancedly,increase the net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,and chlorophyll content of corn leaves,reduce the moisture lost by evaporation,and then promote the increase of fresh and dry weight of plants. The combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers had the effect of increasing the length of corn ears,the number of rows of grains,and the weight of thousand kernels,and increasing the yield of corn. Compared with the habits of farmers,the application of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer on the soil in the semi-arid area of Northeast China could effectively improve the soil nutrient status,increase the soil moisture content of different soil layers,increase the water storage capacity of the soil,and increase the index of corn photosynthetic traits,promote the growth and development of corn,improve the yield index,and then increase corn yield. Combined application of organic and inorganic fertilizers is a technical measure suitable for drought resistance and yield maintenance of maize in arid areas.

Key words: Corn fertilization treatment, Semi-arid area, Physiological index, Yield, Soil physical and chemical properties

CLC Number:

S143

HUANG Ziyuan, WANG Tianye, WANG Chengyu, BAI Yichen, WU Yangsheng, LIU Shuxia. Effects of Different Fertilization Treatments on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties, Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Maize in Semi-arid Area[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2020, 35(S1): 234-240. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20191096.

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