Abstract: At present, many factors cause low and unstable yield of wheat planted in the paddy field of southern Henan Province. In a field experiment with split-plot design, effects of nitrogen application on population quality index and grain yield of wheat planted on paddy field were studied using two cultivars (Yangmai 15 and Lankao 198) and three nitrogen levels (0,150,225 kg/ha) during 2014-2015. The result showed that grain yield increased with the rate of nitrogen application, and the grain yield of Lankao 198 was higher than that of Yangmai 15 at the same nitrogen level. It was found that 6 000 kg/ha grain yield must meet with the yield components of 4.9-6.2 million spikes/ha,more than 42 grains per spikes and 37 g thousand grain weight, and the tiller number was 6.80×10⁶-7.80×10⁶ spikes/ha at erecting stage. Among them,the suitable leaf area index (LAI) was 2.89-3.20,4.08-5.60 and 6.09-7.61 at erecting, jointing and maturity stage, respectively. The amounts of dry matter accumulation at anthesis and maturity stage were 13 025-16 568 and 20 888-24 090 kg/ha, respectively, and the grain/leaf ratios were 0.38 grains and 9.45 mg grain per square centimeter leaf at maturity. Above all, we considered that Lankao 198 was one of high yield wheat cultivars suitable for Southern Henan Province. Under the condition of 6 000 kg/ha yield, about 225 kg/ha nitrogen should be applied and some appropriate population quality index should be met in different growth stage.

Key words: Southern Henan Province, Winter wheat, Paddy field, Nitrogen, Population quality index, Grain yield

CLC Number: 

• S143.1

• S512.1