Abstract: The experiment aimed to study the fertilizer practice for realizing the target of simplify, high yield and high efficiency fertilization of summer maize. Under the same application rates of N, P and K, field experiment was conducted to study the characteristic of the yield and its components, nutrient absorption and accumulation and available nutrient content of 0-40 cm soil layer in different growth period of summer maize in 2014 and 2015. Control to no nitrogen treatment (CK), applying nitrogen treatments increased the yield of summer maize, ranging from 5.72% to 27.71% in 2014 and 6.05% to 27.84% in 2015. Controlled-release fertilizers (BBF and CRF) and conventional fertilizer application (U3) had higher maize yields with no significant difference, and higher than those in CF and U2. Furthermore, grains per ear, grain weight per ear and 100-grain ear in BBF and CRF was better than other treatments,while had no significant difference with U3. Total N, P and K uptake under BBF and CRF provided the basis for higher yield, N apparent utilization efficiency in BBF and CRF was 29.59% and 28.95%, which was higher than those in CF (22.27%). Maize yield and N apparent utilization efficiency was higher, the more times of conventional fertilizer application (U1, U2, U3).Soil available nutrient residue in applying nitrogen treatments were difference under different growth period. 0-20 cm soil layer alkalystic N content showed a low-high-low trend under single basal controlled-release fertilizer BBF and CRF,which consistent with maize nitrogen absorption, and lower residue in late growth period.Little change of soil alkalystic N content under nitrogen treatments was found in 20-40 cm soil layer in seedling stage, while higher residues was observed under U1 and U2. Control with CK, after maize harvest, soil alkalystic N residue under nitrogen treatments in 0-40 cm was increased. 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil available P and K had far more difference in growth period than applying nitrogen treatments. Applying BBF and CRF were beneficial to realize single application of base fertilizer and realizing the aim of simplify, high yield and high efficiency fertilization by increasing N, P and K absorption and accumulation, improving N apparent utilization efficiency and presenting lower soil nutrient residues.

Key words: N fertilizer, Summer maize, Single basal fertilization, Yield and its components, Nutrient uptake and utilization

CLC Number: 

• S143.1

• S513.01