Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Nitrogen Absorption,Utilization, and Yield of Maize under Different Ecological Conditions

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.2017.01.024

Abstract

Abstract: A split plot experiment was conducted to illustrate effects of nitrogen fertilizer on nitrogen absorption and utilization, and yield formation of maize in different ecological regions, and provide theoretical and practical basis for reasonable application of nitrogen fertilizer in maize production in different ecological regions.There were two experimental sites (Shuangliu and Jianyang) which were respectively located in Chengdu plain and central Sichuan hilly mountain. With studied the effects of nitrogen application on growth characteristics, yield formation, and characteristics of nitrogen uptake and utilization of maize. The results showed that the effects of ecological conditions and nitrogen fertilizer on growth characteristics, dry matter production, nitrogen absorption and utilization, yield and its component of maize were significant. Plentiful rainfall, concentrated sunlight, temperature and water, deep topsoil, fertile soil made the plant height, leaf area index, dry matter accumulation, nitrogen accumulation and yield of Chengdu plain notably higher than that of central Sichuan hilly mountain. Invalid excessive growth, lower harvest index, lower nitrogen use efficiency, agronomic efficiency, and grain production efficiency were the main factors that limited the maize yield of Chengdu plain to further improve. Mild climate, abundant precipitation, shallow topsoil, poor soil of central Sichuan hilly mountain make the maize lack of growth in the early period, lack of nutrition in the late stage. Higher yield amplitude by nitrogen fertilizer, harvest index, nitrogen utilization efficiency, nitrogen agronomic efficiency, and nitrogen grain production efficiency made the maize yield of central Sichuan hilly mountain under a certain level of nitrogen. Plant maize in Chengdu plain could decrease nitrogen application to made full use of abundant nutrient in soil, promote nitrogen translocation, reduce invalid excessive growth, and increase harvest index to obtain high yield. Plant maize in central Sichuan hilly mountain should increase nitrogen application to promote the vegetative growth of maize in early period, and guarantee the nutrient supply in the later stage to increase dry matter and nitrogen accumulation to achieve high yield.

Key words: Ecological condition, Nitrogen fertilizer, Maize, Nitrogen utilization, Yield

CLC Number:

S143.1

LI Qiang, MA Xiaojun, DOU Pan, CHEN Qiubo, YU Donghai, YUAN Jichao, KONG Fanlei. Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Nitrogen Absorption,Utilization, and Yield of Maize under Different Ecological Conditions[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2017, 32(1): 156-164. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2017.01.024.

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