Effect of Increasing Temperature During Late Winter and Early Spring on Wheat Source-sink Performance in Northern North China Plain

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20193346

Abstract

Abstract:

In view of the contradiction between the temperature required for winter wheat growth and the actual ambient temperature in the northern North China Plain, field experiments were conducted in two consecutive growing seasons from 2019 to 2021 to study the effect of increasing temperature in late winter and early spring on regulating wheat source-sink performance. In the first growing season, four warming treatments were set warming on January 20 (CT1), January 26 (CT2), February 1 (CT3), February 7 (CT4), and ending on March 20. In the second growing season, three warming treatments were set warming on January 25 (CT1), February 1 (CT2), February 8 (CT3), and ending on March 15, and conventional production was used as control (CK) in both growing seasons. The results showed that the accumulated temperature of CT1 increased by 138.1-405.1 ℃, the average daily temperature of CT1 from jointing to anthesis decreased by 2.50 ℃ in second growing season, and the average daily temperature of CT1 from anthesis to maturity decreased by 2.31 ℃ in first growing season, and the regreening of wheat was advanced by 25 days in first growing season, and the total number of days from regreening to maturity was extended by 21 days in first growing season. Leaf area index and flag leaf area of the CT1 treatment at anthesis were significantly increased by 17.6% and 33.7% in second growing season. The net photosynthetic rate increased by 11.7% in 2020-2021 growing season, and MDA content of CT1 flag leaf decreased by 28.0% after anthesis in first growing season. In second growing season, CT1 spike length and grain length were significantly increased by 15.7% and 2.3%, and at 15 days after anthesis the grain filling rate was significantly increased by 41.0%, the kernel number was significantly increased by 8.8, the 1000-grain weight was significantly increased by 2.0 g, and the yield was significantly increased by 35.8%. Suggesting that, the warming treatment advanced the regreening of wheat and the beginning time of wheat source-sink matter accumulation, relatively lower temperature after the end of intermitten warming measures, it extended the total time of material accumulation in the source-sink and prepared conditions for improving the activity of the source-sink, and the earlier the warming treatment was implemented, the more the performance of the wheat source-sink would be improved.

Key words: Winter wheat, Intermitten warming, Flag leaf, Source sink

GUO Yulong, ZHAO Jingshan, WANG Zheng, GAO Zhen, DU Xiong, DANG Hongkai. Effect of Increasing Temperature During Late Winter and Early Spring on Wheat Source-sink Performance in Northern North China Plain[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2023, 38(3): 77-86. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20193346.

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Figures/Tables 12

References 32

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生长季 Growing season	处理 Treatment
2019-2020	CT1	7.20±0.05a	5.23±0.02a	3.07±0.00a
	CT2	7.16±0.05a	5.21±0.02a	3.07±0.00a
	CT3	7.13±0.03b	5.15±0.01b	3.06±0.00a
	CT4	7.07±0.03b	5.12±0.01b	3.06±0.01a
	CK	6.97±0.03b	5.11±0.01b	3.06±0.01a
2020-2021	CT1	8.10±0.05a	5.10±0.01a	3.02±0.01a
	CT2	7.30±0.07b	5.06±0.00ab	2.96±0.01a
	CT3	7.21±0.05b	5.06±0.00ab	2.96±0.01a
	CK	7.00±0.05b	5.02±0.00b	2.94±0.00a

生长季 Growing season	处理 Treatment
2019-2020	CT1	7.20±0.05a	5.23±0.02a	3.07±0.00a
	CT2	7.16±0.05a	5.21±0.02a	3.07±0.00a
	CT3	7.13±0.03b	5.15±0.01b	3.06±0.00a
	CT4	7.07±0.03b	5.12±0.01b	3.06±0.01a
	CK	6.97±0.03b	5.11±0.01b	3.06±0.01a
2020-2021	CT1	8.10±0.05a	5.10±0.01a	3.02±0.01a
	CT2	7.30±0.07b	5.06±0.00ab	2.96±0.01a
	CT3	7.21±0.05b	5.06±0.00ab	2.96±0.01a
	CK	7.00±0.05b	5.02±0.00b	2.94±0.00a

生长季 Growing season	处理 Treatment	开花期可溶性糖含量 Anthesis soluble sugar content	灌浆期可溶性糖含量 Filling stage soluble sugar content	成熟期可溶性糖含量 Maturity soluble sugar content
2019-2020	CT1	375.0±8.8a	205.8±4.3a	58.3±5.0b
	CT2	316.4±6.0b	188.1±3.6b	60.3±8.2b
	CT3	285.0±3.9c	162.4±3.5c	83.7±3.1a
	CT4	278.8±3.6c	157.5±5.0c	85.7±4.2a
	CK	268.7±4.1c	143.4±3.0c	87.9±4.0a
2020-2021	CT1	343.4±3.9a	194.4±2.2a	75.5±1.3b
	CT2	315.0±3.9b	176.3±2.5b	81.1±2.3ab
	CT3	304.7±1.7bc	163.8±2.7c	83.0±1.3a
	CK	290.7±5.2c	163.0±4.2c	86.5±1.6a

生长季 Growing season	处理 Treatment	开花期可溶性糖含量 Anthesis soluble sugar content	灌浆期可溶性糖含量 Filling stage soluble sugar content	成熟期可溶性糖含量 Maturity soluble sugar content
2019-2020	CT1	375.0±8.8a	205.8±4.3a	58.3±5.0b
	CT2	316.4±6.0b	188.1±3.6b	60.3±8.2b
	CT3	285.0±3.9c	162.4±3.5c	83.7±3.1a
	CT4	278.8±3.6c	157.5±5.0c	85.7±4.2a
	CK	268.7±4.1c	143.4±3.0c	87.9±4.0a
2020-2021	CT1	343.4±3.9a	194.4±2.2a	75.5±1.3b
	CT2	315.0±3.9b	176.3±2.5b	81.1±2.3ab
	CT3	304.7±1.7bc	163.8±2.7c	83.0±1.3a
	CK	290.7±5.2c	163.0±4.2c	86.5±1.6a

生长季 Growing season	处理 Treatment	群体生长率Crop growth rate
生长季 Growing season	处理 Treatment	播种-拔节 Sowing-Jointing	拔节-开花 Jointing-Anthesis	开花-成熟 Anthesis-Maturity
2019-2020	CT1	3.49±0.10a	14.76±0.42a	19.35±0.34a
	CT2	2.54±0.09b	13.76±0.35ab	18.91±0.20ab
	CT3	2.12±0.02c	13.33±0.44ab	18.62±0.42ab
	CT4	1.95±0.03cd	12.72±0.22b	18.61±0.37ab
	CK	1.70±0.11d	12.38±0.37b	17.93±0.25b
2020-2021	CT1	3.68±0.28a	9.86±0.66a	20.74±0.51a
	CT2	3.43±0.34a	7.80±0.74b	19.51±1.47ab
	CT3	3.02±0.09a	7.59±0.53b	18.87±0.40ab
	CK	1.79±0.22b	6.88±1.16b	17.47±0.57b

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