Effects of Saline Water Irrigation on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Microbial Communities in Winter Wheat Fields

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20194825

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the impact of saline water irrigation on greenhouse gas emissions,including CO₂,N₂O,CH₄,and the soil microbial community in winter wheat fields,three types of saline water with different salinity levels(1,3,and 5 g/L,denoted as W1,W3,and W5)were employed.Field experiments were conducted at the Nanpi Eco-Agriculture Experimental Station of the Chinese Academy of Sciences from March to June 2023.The results indicated that CO₂ emissions had similar trends in the different saline water irrigation treatments during the wheat growing stages,which were high in the early stage,low in the middle stage,and high in the late stage.N₂O emissions exhibited a trend of high values in the early period and lower values in the later stages.While,CH₄ showed fluctuations between positive and negative emissions.Comparative analysis revealed that the average CO₂ and N₂O emission rates in W3 treatment were significantly lower than in W1,with reductions of 39.4% and 68.9%,respectively.The average CO₂ and N₂O emission rates in W5 treatment decreased by 21.9% and 40.0%,although the difference was not statistically significant.Saline water irrigation with different concentrations minimally affected soil microbial α-diversity but significantly altered community structure.Cluster analysis demonstrated a significant difference in microbial composition between W1 and W5,with W3 positioned between the two treatments.Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between CO₂ and N₂O emission rates and soil TN,while there was a significant positive correlation between N₂O emission rate and soil TN,TOC,DOC,MBC,respectively.Soil N₂O and CH₄ emission rates correlated positively with the abundance of S0134 terrestrial and Sphingomonas and Subgroup 25,respectively.Redundancy analysis(RDA)identified pH,NH₄⁺,EC,and DOC as key physicochemical factors influencing the abundance of Sphingomonas and Subgroup 25.In conclusion,irrigation with 3 g/L mildly saline water can reduce soil respiration rates and decrease agricultural carbon emissions without significantly increasing soil salinity,providing theoretical support for the development and utilization of mildly saline water resources in the North China Plain.

Key words: Winter wheat field, Greenhouse gases, Saline water irrigation, Microbial community, Saline water salinity

ZHANG Wenwen, DONG Xinliang, DONG Wenxu, WANG Jintao, ZHANG Xuejia, SUN Hongyong. Effects of Saline Water Irrigation on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Microbial Communities in Winter Wheat Fields[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2024, 39(S1): 219-227. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20194825.

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Figures/Tables 15

Fig.1 Daily rainfall and temperature during the experiment

Tab.1 The characters of different saline irrigation water

灌溉水矿化度 /(g/L) Salinity of irrigation water	pH	EC / (dS/m)	总盐含量/% Total salt content
1	8.33	1.95	1.44
3	8.21	6.00	3.29
5	8.21	8.80	5.06

Fig.2 Dynamic changes of soil CO₂ emission rate under different saline irrigation water

Fig.3 The average emission rate of soil CO₂ emissions under different saline irrigation water Different letters indicate significant difference between treatments(P<0.05).The same as Fig.5,7,8,9,10.

Fig.4 Dynamic changes of soil N₂O emission rate under different saline irrigation water

Fig.5 The average emission rate of soil N₂O emissions under different saline irrigation water

Fig.6 Dynamic changes of soil CH₄emission rate under different saline irrigation water

Fig.7 The average emission rate of soil CH₄emissions under different saline irrigation water

Fig.8 Dynamic changes of soil pH and EC under different saline irrigation water

Fig.9 Dynamic changes of soil TN,NH₄⁺,NO₃^-,TOC,DOC and MBC under different saline irrigation water

Fig.10 Soil microorganism α diversity of soil microbial genera under different saline irrigation water

Fig.11 Horizontal clustering and composition analysis of soil microbial genera under different saline irrigation water

Fig.12 Correlation analysis between soil greenhouse gas emission rate and physicochemical properties

Fig.13 The correlation between soil greenhouse gas emission rate and the abundance of top 15 genus level microorganisms in soil abundance

Fig.14 RDA analysis of soil microbial community and physicochemical factors

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