The Modulating Influence of Soybeans with High and Low Nodule Density on Their Rhizosphere Microbiota

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20195286

Abstract

Abstract:

This study investigates the influence of high and low nodule density on the composition and functionality of the soybean rhizosphere microbiome.The study used the wild-type soybean Williams 82 and a high-nodulation mutant(HiN)derived from this line to assess the impact of nodule variation on associated microbial populations.A controlled pot experiment was conducted,comparing the growth of both genotypes at the flowering stage,followed by the collection and high-throughput sequencing of 16S rDNA from the rhizosphere microbes.The high-nodulation mutant exhibited significant increases in plant height,aboveground biomass,and nodule count,with respective enhancements of 41.22%,37.46%,and 119.23% over the wild type.Comparative analyses revealed distinct differences in microbial community structure and composition between HiN and WT,with an elevated relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in the HiN rhizosphere.At the genus level,several key genera,including Allorhizobium-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium,Bradyrhizobium,Chryseobacterium,Microbacterium,and Nocardioides,were more abundant in HiN.LEfSe analysis highlighted the enrichment of Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes in HiN,contrasting with the predominance of Firmicutes in WT.GUS-labeled Bradyrhizobium further substantiated the enhanced capacity of HiN to enrich Bradyrhizobium.Collectively,these findings elucidate the regulatory role of nodule number on the symbiotic interactions within the soybean rhizosphere microbiome.

Key words: Soybean, Root nodule, Rhizosphere soil, Microbial community

XU Tianchi, CHEN Songhe, WANG Cunhu, ZHONG Yongjia. The Modulating Influence of Soybeans with High and Low Nodule Density on Their Rhizosphere Microbiota[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2024, 39(6): 193-201. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195286.

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Figures/Tables 6

Fig.1 Potted results and phenotypic data analysis of soybeans with high and low nodulation phenotypes A.Photographs of the high-nodulation(HiN)and the wide type(WT)soybean varieties after a 30-day indoor pot cultivation period,with a 10 cm scale bar for reference.The lower section of the images highlights the nodulation on the root system,focusing on a 5 cm segment of the primary root.The results represent data from six independent replicate experiments.Different capital letters on the column indicate significant differences(P<0.01).

Fig.2 Diversity index analysis of soybean rhizosphere-associated microbial communities The differences were tested using the Kruskal-Wallis test(P<0.05),and the same lowercase letters in the figure indicate no significant difference between treatments.

Fig.3 Analysis and comparison of microbial community structure in soybean rhizosphere associated with different nodulation traits A.Non-metric multidimensional scaling(NMDS)analysis;B.ANOSIM boxplot of the bacterial community structure in the rhizosphere of wild type(WT)and high nodulation(HiN)soybeans.ANOSIM was performed based on the Bray-Curtis distance matrix to calculate the differences between the high and low nodulation genotypes.Permutation tests were conducted with 999 permutations.ANOSIM.Analysis of similarity.

Fig.4 Community composition differences of rhizosphere microbes in WT and HiN soybeans A.Differences in the community composition of rhizosphere microbes in wild type(WT)and high nodulation(HiN)soybeans at the phylum level;B.Differences in the community composition of rhizosphere microbes in WT and HiN soybeans at the genus level.Present the top 10 organisms based on their relative abundance.

Fig.5 LDA analysis of rhizosphere soil microbes in high and low nodulating soybeans LDA scores are represented by horizontal bars,with biomarker bacteria scoring>3 indicated.Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test,P<0.05.LDA.Linear discriminant analysis.

Fig.6 Impact of WT and HiN on the colonization of BXYD3-GUS in soybean roots A—C.GUS staining phenotype of WT roots;D—F.GUS staining phenotype of HiN roots.

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