Carbon Footprint Evaluation of Cereal-bean,Cereal-potato Rotation Modes Based on Wheat-maize Cropping System in North China Plain

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20193400

Abstract

Abstract:

Aiming at the problem of low economic efficiency and high carbon emission caused by long-term double cropping system of winter wheat-summer maize in North China Plain and facing to the arduous task of ensuring food security,this study was based on the winter wheat-summer maize rotation mode,and added sweet potato and soybean into the rotation system to form the cereal-potato and cereal-soybean rotation modes.In order to build a stable,efficient and ecological planting system suitable for this region,the experiment was conducted in Ningjin plot of Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences from 2019-10 to 2021-10.There were two cropping modes: winter wheat-summer maize→fallow-spring sweet potato(cereal-sweet potato mode)and winter wheat-summer maize→winter wheat-summer soybean(cereal-soybean mode).Inter-annual repetitions were carried out at the same time,namely,fallow-spring sweet potato→winter wheat-summer maize and winter wheat-summer soybean→winter wheat-summer maize.The differences of annual equivalent yield,net benefit,carbon emission and carbon footprint under different cropping rotations were analyzed.The results showed that:Compared with wheat-maize mode,the annual equivalent yield of cereal-sweet potato mode increased by 29.10%.Meanwhile,the annual equivalent yield of cereal-soybean mode decreased by 6.03%.Cereal-sweet potato and cereal-soybean modes significantly reduced the indirect emissions caused by agricultural materials production and transportation and mainly reduced carbon emissions from chemical nitrogen fertilizers and irrigation electricity.Compared with that of CK,the reduction was 40.5% and 14.9%,respectively.Compared with that of CK,cereal-sweet potato and cereal-soybean modes reduced N₂O direct emissions caused by nitrogen fertilizer application by 50.0% and 32.4%,and indirect emissions caused by ammonia volatilization by 50.0% and 29.6%,respectively,and indirect emission caused by nitrogen leaching decreased by 50.0% and 26.4%,respectively.The annual total carbon emission of CK,cereal-sweet potato mode and cereal-soybean mode were 13 361.4,7 468.2,and 10 315.0 kg/ha,respectively.The annual total carbon emissions of cereal-sweet potato and cereal-soybean modes decreased by 44.1% and 22.8%,respectively,compared with that of the control mode.Compared with that of CK,the carbon footprint per unit area of cereal-sweet potato and cereal-soybean modes decreased by 44.1% and 22.8%,the carbon footprint per unit biomass decreased by 29.7% and 9.4%,respectively.In all,adding sweet potato and soybean to wheat-maize cropping system could reduce carbon footprint.Therefore,from the perspective of emission reduction,cereal-sweet potato and cereal-soybean modes can be recommended as a theoretical model to partially replace the traditional wheat-maize mode in North China Plain.

Key words: Cereal-sweet potato rotation, Cereal-soybean rotation, Carbon footprint

ZHENG Mengjing, ZHANG Jingting, CUI Yongzeng, YAO Haipo, JIA Xiuling, LI Yan. Carbon Footprint Evaluation of Cereal-bean,Cereal-potato Rotation Modes Based on Wheat-maize Cropping System in North China Plain[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2022, 37(S1): 81-89. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20193400.

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References 31

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项目 Items	投入量/(kg/hm²) Input amount				温室气体排放参数/(kg/hm²) GHG emission coefficients			转换系数 /(CO₂-eq) CO₂ equivalent conversion coefficients
项目 Items	冬小麦 Winter wheat	夏玉米 Summer maize	夏大豆 Summer soybean	春甘薯 Sweet potato	CO₂	N₂O	CH₄	转换系数 /(CO₂-eq) CO₂ equivalent conversion coefficients
氮肥 N fertilizer	210.00	240.00	67.50	0.00	10.13	0.000 17	0.000 24	10.18
磷肥 P fertilizer	108.00	23.10	42.00	0.00	1.50	0.000 02	0.000 02	1.50
钾肥 K fertilizer	36.00	75.00	21.00	117.00	0.97	0.000 03	0.000 04	0.98
农用地膜 Mulch film	0.00	0.00	0.00	90.00	-	-	-	2.27
农药 Pesticides	3.00	4.50	3.00	36.00	-	-	-	18.00
电力 Electricity	810.00	540.00	270.00	270.00	0.95	0.000 01	0.000 01	0.95
柴油 Diesel	52.00	40.00	40.00	20.00	3.88	0.000 14	0.000 65	3.93
小麦种子 Wheat seeds	225.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	-	-	-	1.16
玉米种子 Maize seeds	0.00	22.28	0.00	0.00	-	-	-	1.22
大豆种子 Soybean seeds	0.00	0.00	75.00	0.00	-	-	-	0.34
甘薯种苗 Sweet potato seedlings	0.00	0.00	0.00	150.00	-	-	-	0.10

项目 Items	投入量/(kg/hm²) Input amount				温室气体排放参数/(kg/hm²) GHG emission coefficients			转换系数 /(CO₂-eq) CO₂ equivalent conversion coefficients
项目 Items	冬小麦 Winter wheat	夏玉米 Summer maize	夏大豆 Summer soybean	春甘薯 Sweet potato	CO₂	N₂O	CH₄	转换系数 /(CO₂-eq) CO₂ equivalent conversion coefficients
氮肥 N fertilizer	210.00	240.00	67.50	0.00	10.13	0.000 17	0.000 24	10.18
磷肥 P fertilizer	108.00	23.10	42.00	0.00	1.50	0.000 02	0.000 02	1.50
钾肥 K fertilizer	36.00	75.00	21.00	117.00	0.97	0.000 03	0.000 04	0.98
农用地膜 Mulch film	0.00	0.00	0.00	90.00	-	-	-	2.27
农药 Pesticides	3.00	4.50	3.00	36.00	-	-	-	18.00
电力 Electricity	810.00	540.00	270.00	270.00	0.95	0.000 01	0.000 01	0.95
柴油 Diesel	52.00	40.00	40.00	20.00	3.88	0.000 14	0.000 65	3.93
小麦种子 Wheat seeds	225.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	-	-	-	1.16
玉米种子 Maize seeds	0.00	22.28	0.00	0.00	-	-	-	1.22
大豆种子 Soybean seeds	0.00	0.00	75.00	0.00	-	-	-	0.34
甘薯种苗 Sweet potato seedlings	0.00	0.00	0.00	150.00	-	-	-	0.10

项目 Items	农资投入导致的间接排放量 Indirect emission amount induced by agriculture input
项目 Items	冬小麦 Winter wheat	夏玉米 Summer maize	夏大豆 Summer soybean	春甘薯 Spring sweet potato
氮肥 N fertilizer	2 138.46	2 443.95	687.36	0.00
磷肥 P fertilizer	162.26	34.70	63.10	0.00
钾肥 K fertilizer	35.39	73.74	20.65	115.03
农用地膜 Mulch film	0.00	0.00	0.00	204.48
农药 Pesticides	54.00	81.00	54.00	648.00
电力 Electricity	770.91	513.94	256.97	256.97
柴油 Diesel	204.51	157.31	157.31	78.66
小麦种子 Wheat seeds	261.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
玉米种子 Maize seeds	0.00	27.18	0.00	0.00
大豆种子 Soybean seeds	0.00	0.00	25.65	0.00
甘薯种苗 Sweet potato seedlings	0.00	0.00	0.00	15.00

项目 Items	农资投入导致的间接排放量 Indirect emission amount induced by agriculture input
项目 Items	冬小麦 Winter wheat	夏玉米 Summer maize	夏大豆 Summer soybean	春甘薯 Spring sweet potato
氮肥 N fertilizer	2 138.46	2 443.95	687.36	0.00
磷肥 P fertilizer	162.26	34.70	63.10	0.00
钾肥 K fertilizer	35.39	73.74	20.65	115.03
农用地膜 Mulch film	0.00	0.00	0.00	204.48
农药 Pesticides	54.00	81.00	54.00	648.00
电力 Electricity	770.91	513.94	256.97	256.97
柴油 Diesel	204.51	157.31	157.31	78.66
小麦种子 Wheat seeds	261.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
玉米种子 Maize seeds	0.00	27.18	0.00	0.00
大豆种子 Soybean seeds	0.00	0.00	25.65	0.00
甘薯种苗 Sweet potato seedlings	0.00	0.00	0.00	15.00

年度 Year	作物类型 Crop type	生物量/(kg/hm²) Biomass amount
2019-2020	冬小麦	11 761.92±59.47a
	夏玉米	9 522.70±67.16b
	春甘薯	12 230.34±84.19a
	夏大豆	2 235.81±76.94c
2020-2021	冬小麦	11 462.50±103.85a
	夏玉米	9 236.17±83.59b
	春甘薯	11 963.26±97.46a
	夏大豆	2 572.50±43.27c

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