Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on Salt Stress Reduction in Soybean Seedlings

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20194665

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the effect of exogenous melatonin (MT) on salt tolerance of soybean seedlings,and to screen the appropriate application concentration under different salt stress.The soybean variety Tianyou-2986 was used as the test material,and 3 salt concentrations (low salt S₃:3 g/L,medium salt S₅:5 g/L,high salt S₇:7 g/L ) and 6 MT concentrations were set(M₀:0 μmol/L,M₁:25 μmol/L,M₂:50 μmol/L,M₃:75 μmol/L,M₄:100 μmol/L,M₅:150 μmol/L),the morphological parameters,biomass,antioxidant enzyme activity and osmoregulatory substance content of soybean seedlings were analyzed.With the increase of salt stress,the root morphological parameters,biomass,root-shoot ratio,antioxidant enzyme activity and osmoregulatory substance content of soybean seedlings decreased,while the malondialdehyde content increased.Under low salt (S₃) and medium salt (S₅) stress,The number of total length,lateral roots,SOD and POD of 50 μmol/L MT were increased by 52.30%,19.98%,74.10%,40.03% (low salt) and 68.52%,19.24%,81.72% and 37.42% (medium salt),respectively.Under high stress (S₇),75 μmol/L MT increased by 71.17%,19.11%,80.79% and 27.01%,respectively.Under salt stress,exogenous 25—100 μmol/L MT promoted soybean seedling growth and improved salt tolerance to different degrees.The overall evaluation of the affiliation function showed that 50 μmol/L MT was the most effective in alleviating salt damage under low and medium salt stress,and the suitable concentration of MT was 75 μmol/L under high salt stress,and the main reason for the alleviation of salt damage in soybean seedlings was that MT increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes and osmoregulatory substance content,and reduced the content of malondialdehyde,which could alleviate oxidative and osmotic stresses of soybeans under salt stress.

Key words: Soybeans, Salt stress, Melatonin, Antioxidant system, Comprehensive evaluation

GUO Yuanhang, WANG Hongbo, BAI Baowei, ZHANG Lei, ZHAO Fengnian, LÜ Dongxue, JIA Ting, WANG Xingpeng. Effects of Exogenous Melatonin on Salt Stress Reduction in Soybean Seedlings[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2024, 39(2): 116-125. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20194665.

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http://www.hbnxb.net/EN/Y2024/V39/I2/116

Figures/Tables 7

Tab.1 Nutrient solution formulations and soil ion content of major components

霍格兰营养液 Hoagland nutrient solution		土壤 Soil
成分 Composition	含量/ (mg/L) Content	离子组成 Ionic composition	含量/ (g/kg) Content
Ca(NO₃)₂·4H₂O	945	K⁺	1.303
KNO₃	607	Na⁺	71.082
NH₄H₂PO₄	115	Ca²⁺	4.941
MgSO₄·7H₂O	493	Mg²⁺	0.070
EDTA-Fe	20.00	Cl^-	87.164
H₃BO₃	2.86	S $O 4 2 -$	1.834
MnSO₄·4H₂O	2.13	C $O 3 2 -$	0.000
ZnSO₄·7H₂O	0.22	HC $O 3 -$	0.190
CuSO₄·5H₂O	0.08

Tab.1 Nutrient solution formulations and soil ion content of major components

霍格兰营养液 Hoagland nutrient solution		土壤 Soil
成分 Composition	含量/ (mg/L) Content	离子组成 Ionic composition	含量/ (g/kg) Content
Ca(NO₃)₂·4H₂O	945	K⁺	1.303
KNO₃	607	Na⁺	71.082
NH₄H₂PO₄	115	Ca²⁺	4.941
MgSO₄·7H₂O	493	Mg²⁺	0.070
EDTA-Fe	20.00	Cl^-	87.164
H₃BO₃	2.86	S $O 4 2 -$	1.834
MnSO₄·4H₂O	2.13	C $O 3 2 -$	0.000
ZnSO₄·7H₂O	0.22	HC $O 3 -$	0.190
CuSO₄·5H₂O	0.08

Tab.2 Experimental design

处理 Treatment	盐分/(g/L) Salinity gradient	褪黑素浓度/ (μmol/L) Melatonin concentration	处理 Treatment	盐分/(g/L) Salinity gradient	褪黑素浓度/ (μmol/L) Melatonin concentration	处理 Treatment	盐分/(g/L) Salinity gradient	褪黑素浓度/ (μmol/L) Melatonin concentration
M₀S₃	3	0	M₀S₅	5	0	M₀S₇	7	0
M₁S₃		25	M₁S₅		25	M₁S₇		25
M₂S₃		50	M₂S₅		50	M₂S₇		50
M₃S₃		75	M₃S₅		75	M₃S₇		75
M₄S₃		100	M₄S₅		100	M₄S₇		100
M₅S₃		150	M₅S₅		150	M₅S₇		150

Tab.3 Effect of MT on morphological indexes of soybean seedlings under salt stress

处理 Treatment	总长度/cm Total length	表面积/cm² Surface area	体积/cm³ Volume	主根长/cm Primary root length	侧根数 Lateral roots number	株高/cm Plant heigh
M₀S₃	247.52±16.45c	32.20±2.6c	0.74±0.03c	4.49±0.22cd	29.48±2.74b	6.94±0.43c
M₁S₃	303.15±17.31b	40.24±3.22b	0.79±0.02c	5.45±0.26b	32.54±1.59ab	8.63±0.75b
M₂S₃	376.97±29.23a	48.40±3.39a	1.15±0.11a	6.05±0.42a	35.37±2.86a	10.62±0.85a
M₃S₃	360.51±5.27a	45.72±2.03a	0.97±0.07b	5.31±0.50b	32.40±1.11ab	9.55±0.74b
M₄S₃	310.10±21.98b	37.22±3.26b	0.81±0.06c	4.98±0.29bc	30.62±1.95b	8.75±0.70b
M₅S₃	235.44±12.32c	28.33±2.67c	0.58±0.03d	4.32±0.42d	29.77±1.23b	7.48±0.45c
M₀S₅	178.47±8.58d	27.02±1.44d	0.52±0.05de	4.28±0.12c	27.5±2.56bc	6.29±0.39c
M₁S₅	225.06±21.56c	32.08±2.09c	0.68±0.06bc	5.36±0.20b	30.44±2.4ab	7.75±0.76b
M₂S₅	300.75±7.80a	43.91±3.6a	0.85±0.09a	5.79±0.18a	32.79±0.92a	9.75±0.56a
M₃S₅	247.14±11.74b	37.16±3.33b	0.81±0.06ab	5.16±0.30b	30.26±2.39ab	9.14±0.50a
M₄S₅	218.33±11.02c	29.85±1.38cd	0.59±0.04cd	4.45±0.45c	28.97±1.01b	7.80±0.68b
M₅S₅	178.08±12.96d	20.16±1.23e	0.43±0.14e	4.04±0.22c	25.79±2.06c	6.55±0.26c
M₀S₇	116.30±8.01d	19.16±1.23c	0.23±0.03c	3.47±0.19cd	21.93±1.41c	5.30±0.45c
M₁S₇	137.46±5.51c	26.55±1.5b	0.38±0.01b	3.74±0.3bc	22.93±1.31bc	7.03±0.60b
M₂S₇	184.33±9.76b	31.43±1.77a	0.40±0.03a	4.06±0.24b	24.51±1.52ab	8.51±0.60a
M₃S₇	199.07±10.49a	33.56±1.73a	0.44±0.03c	4.72±0.38a	26.12±2.33a	8.26±0.24b
M₄S₇	146.40±6.11c	17.62±1.22c	0.26±0.01d	3.49±0.18cd	21.96±1.60c	6.97±0.50b
M₅S₇	116.46±5.33d	15.11±0.63d	0.15±0.01d	3.16±0.30d	21.13±1.04c	5.87±0.32c
M	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**
S	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**
M×S	^**	ns	^*	^*	ns	ns

Fig.1 Effect of melatonin on soybean seedling biomass under salt stress A is the dry matter weight of soybean seedlings,B is the root-shoot ratio of soybean seedlings,M,S,and M S indicate melatonin,salt and the interaction between the two,respectively.^*indicates a significant difference (P<0.05);^** indicates a highly significant difference (P<0.01);ns indicates a nonsignificant difference (P>0.05).The same as Fig.2—3.

Fig.2 Effect of melatonin on root antioxidant enzyme activity and MDA content in soybean seedlings under salt stress

Fig.3 Effects of melatonin on the osmoregulatory substance content in soybean seedlings under salt stress

Tab.4 The subordinate function value and comprehensive evaluation of soybean seedling growth traits and physiological indexes

处理 Treatment	隶属函数值μ Subordinate function value μ															综合评价 Comprehensive assessment
处理 Treatment	主根长 Primary root length	侧根数 Side root number	株高 Plant height	总长度 Total length	表面积 Surface area	体积 Volume	叶干质量 Leaf dry weight	茎干质量 Stem dry weight	地下干质量 Underground part dry weight	CAT	SOD	POD	MDA	PRO	SS	评价值D Appraisal value	排序 Rank
M₀S₃	0.46	0.59	0.31	0.50	0.51	0.59	0.26	0.82	0.39	0.50	0.21	0.20	0.37	0.22	0.33	0.42	11
M₁S₃	0.79	0.80	0.63	0.72	0.75	0.64	0.80	0.88	0.82	0.52	0.66	0.78	0.27	0.67	0.36	0.67	4
M₂S₃	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	0.00	1.00	1.00	0.94	1
M₃S₃	0.74	0.79	0.80	0.94	0.92	0.82	0.43	0.91	0.63	0.86	0.91	0.83	0.19	0.88	0.75	0.77	2
M₄S₃	0.63	0.67	0.65	0.74	0.66	0.66	0.34	0.89	0.52	0.74	0.71	0.52	0.26	0.62	0.50	0.61	6
M₅S₃	0.40	0.61	0.41	0.46	0.40	0.43	0.26	0.86	0.45	0.52	0.43	0.33	0.37	0.36	0.30	0.44	10
M₀S₅	0.39	0.45	0.19	0.24	0.36	0.37	0.08	0.27	0.19	0.29	0.12	0.14	0.74	0.06	0.14	0.27	14
M₁S₅	0.76	0.65	0.46	0.42	0.51	0.53	0.23	0.77	0.48	0.45	0.48	0.54	0.43	0.44	0.27	0.50	7
M₂S₅	0.91	0.82	0.83	0.71	0.87	0.70	0.51	0.86	0.67	0.91	0.92	0.86	0.21	0.65	0.84	0.76	3
M₃S₅	0.69	0.64	0.72	0.50	0.66	0.66	0.35	0.83	0.53	0.79	0.72	0.79	0.31	0.52	0.67	0.63	5
M₄S₅	0.45	0.55	0.47	0.39	0.44	0.44	0.16	0.59	0.33	0.64	0.59	0.40	0.52	0.39	0.33	0.45	9
M₅S₅	0.30	0.33	0.23	0.24	0.15	0.28	0.12	0.45	0.29	0.42	0.19	0.22	0.68	0.09	0.07	0.27	13
M₀S₇	0.11	0.06	0.00	0.00	0.12	0.08	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.12	0.00	0.00	1.00	0.00	0.00	0.09	18
M₁S₇	0.20	0.13	0.33	0.08	0.34	0.23	0.13	0.25	0.08	0.23	0.25	0.28	0.68	0.34	0.17	0.25	15
M₂S₇	0.31	0.24	0.60	0.26	0.49	0.29	0.27	0.50	0.27	0.32	0.43	0.40	0.41	0.41	0.29	0.37	12
M₃S₇	0.54	0.35	0.56	0.32	0.55	0.29	0.31	0.64	0.33	0.45	0.69	0.49	0.35	0.48	0.43	0.46	8
M₄S₇	0.11	0.06	0.31	0.12	0.08	0.11	0.15	0.51	0.26	0.04	0.29	0.19	0.69	0.22	0.24	0.22	16
M₅S₇	0.00	0.00	0.11	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.01	0.44	0.15	0.00	0.10	0.07	0.83	0.00	0.02	0.11	17
W_j	0.068 3	0.070 5	0.063 4	0.071 3	0.068 4	0.063 7	0.061 0	0.065 5	0.060 5	0.069 3	0.072 2	0.070 5	0.061 0	0.067 6	0.066 8

Tab.4 The subordinate function value and comprehensive evaluation of soybean seedling growth traits and physiological indexes

处理 Treatment	隶属函数值μ Subordinate function value μ															综合评价 Comprehensive assessment
处理 Treatment	主根长 Primary root length	侧根数 Side root number	株高 Plant height	总长度 Total length	表面积 Surface area	体积 Volume	叶干质量 Leaf dry weight	茎干质量 Stem dry weight	地下干质量 Underground part dry weight	CAT	SOD	POD	MDA	PRO	SS	评价值D Appraisal value	排序 Rank
M₀S₃	0.46	0.59	0.31	0.50	0.51	0.59	0.26	0.82	0.39	0.50	0.21	0.20	0.37	0.22	0.33	0.42	11
M₁S₃	0.79	0.80	0.63	0.72	0.75	0.64	0.80	0.88	0.82	0.52	0.66	0.78	0.27	0.67	0.36	0.67	4
M₂S₃	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	0.00	1.00	1.00	0.94	1
M₃S₃	0.74	0.79	0.80	0.94	0.92	0.82	0.43	0.91	0.63	0.86	0.91	0.83	0.19	0.88	0.75	0.77	2
M₄S₃	0.63	0.67	0.65	0.74	0.66	0.66	0.34	0.89	0.52	0.74	0.71	0.52	0.26	0.62	0.50	0.61	6
M₅S₃	0.40	0.61	0.41	0.46	0.40	0.43	0.26	0.86	0.45	0.52	0.43	0.33	0.37	0.36	0.30	0.44	10
M₀S₅	0.39	0.45	0.19	0.24	0.36	0.37	0.08	0.27	0.19	0.29	0.12	0.14	0.74	0.06	0.14	0.27	14
M₁S₅	0.76	0.65	0.46	0.42	0.51	0.53	0.23	0.77	0.48	0.45	0.48	0.54	0.43	0.44	0.27	0.50	7
M₂S₅	0.91	0.82	0.83	0.71	0.87	0.70	0.51	0.86	0.67	0.91	0.92	0.86	0.21	0.65	0.84	0.76	3
M₃S₅	0.69	0.64	0.72	0.50	0.66	0.66	0.35	0.83	0.53	0.79	0.72	0.79	0.31	0.52	0.67	0.63	5
M₄S₅	0.45	0.55	0.47	0.39	0.44	0.44	0.16	0.59	0.33	0.64	0.59	0.40	0.52	0.39	0.33	0.45	9
M₅S₅	0.30	0.33	0.23	0.24	0.15	0.28	0.12	0.45	0.29	0.42	0.19	0.22	0.68	0.09	0.07	0.27	13
M₀S₇	0.11	0.06	0.00	0.00	0.12	0.08	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.12	0.00	0.00	1.00	0.00	0.00	0.09	18
M₁S₇	0.20	0.13	0.33	0.08	0.34	0.23	0.13	0.25	0.08	0.23	0.25	0.28	0.68	0.34	0.17	0.25	15
M₂S₇	0.31	0.24	0.60	0.26	0.49	0.29	0.27	0.50	0.27	0.32	0.43	0.40	0.41	0.41	0.29	0.37	12
M₃S₇	0.54	0.35	0.56	0.32	0.55	0.29	0.31	0.64	0.33	0.45	0.69	0.49	0.35	0.48	0.43	0.46	8
M₄S₇	0.11	0.06	0.31	0.12	0.08	0.11	0.15	0.51	0.26	0.04	0.29	0.19	0.69	0.22	0.24	0.22	16
M₅S₇	0.00	0.00	0.11	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.01	0.44	0.15	0.00	0.10	0.07	0.83	0.00	0.02	0.11	17
W_j	0.068 3	0.070 5	0.063 4	0.071 3	0.068 4	0.063 7	0.061 0	0.065 5	0.060 5	0.069 3	0.072 2	0.070 5	0.061 0	0.067 6	0.066 8

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