Effect of Nitrogen and Zinc Application on the Concentration and Accumulation of Mineral Elements in the Grain of Summer Maize

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20193757

Abstract

Abstract:

It aimed to research the variation of mineral elements in the maize grain under the nitrogen(N)and zinc(Zn)fertilization,in order to provide scientific references for N and Zn application in the maize production.In the field plot experiment,two varieties including ZD958 and GSY66 were fertilized with three N rates(90,180 and 225 kg/ha)and four Zn treatments(no Zn,spraying Zn of 1∶1 at seedling stage and jointing stage,spraying Zn of 1∶1 at jointing stage and flare opening stage and spraying Zn at flare opening stage),to analyze the effects of N and Zn fertilization on the maize grain yield and mineral elements concentration and accumulation.The results showed that grain yield was significantly decreased,while Ca,Cu,Fe and Zn concentration as well as Cu and Fe accumulation were significantly increased when the N rate was more than 180 kg/ha.N and P,K,Mg concentration achieved the highest and lowerest values respectively under the 180 kg/ha N treatment.Spraying Zn of 1∶1 at jointing stage and flare opening stage and at flare opening stage only could significantly improve the yield,N and Zn concentration and N,Mg,Zn,B and Na accumulation,but decrease the P,K,Ca,B and Na concentration.Relative to GSY66,the grain yield of ZD958 was significantly increased by 19.3%,and K and Fe concentration and K,Ca,B and Na accumulation were also significantly increased.Grain yield showed extremely significantly negative correlation ship with most mineral element concentration.The positive correlationships among Ca,Mg,Cu,Mn,Fe,Zn and B were significant or extremely significant,expect for Ca and Mg,Zn.The linear regression relationships between grain Zn concentration and N,Mg concentration were significant or extremely significant.To sum up,applying 180 kg/ha N and spraying 4.5 kg/ha Zn of 1∶1 at jointing stage and flare opening stage could increase maize grain yield,N and Zn concentration and mineral elements accumulation,synchronously achieve the high yield and mineral nutrition,and are recommended to promote in maize production.

Key words: Summer maize, N and Zn application, Mineral element, Concentration, Accumulation, Yield

ZHANG Panpan, QIAO Jiangfang, LI Chuan, ZHANG Meiwei, NIU Jun. Effect of Nitrogen and Zinc Application on the Concentration and Accumulation of Mineral Elements in the Grain of Summer Maize[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2023, 38(3): 87-99. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20193757.

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References 33

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处理 Treatments		N含量/ (g/kg) N concentration	P含量/ (g/kg) P concentration	K含量/ (g/kg) K concentration	Ca含量/ (g/kg) Ca concentration	Mg含量/ (g/kg) Mg concentration	Cu含量/ (mg/kg) Cu concentration	Mn含量/ (mg/kg) Mn concentration	Fe含量/ (mg/kg) Fe concentration	Zn含量/ (mg/kg) Zn concentration	B含量/ (mg/kg) B concentration	Na含量/ (mg/kg) Na concentration
氮处理	N90	12.07±1.46b	8.93±1.16a	13.00±1.75a	0.24±0.04c	3.88±0.45a	2.33±0.16c	6.38±0.53a	22.02±2.12b	40.67±3.20b	43.25±1.15b	181.67±4.93a
N treatment	N180	12.77±1.27a	8.12±1.19b	12.48±1.35b	0.28±0.05b	3.70±0.38b	3.38±0.44b	5.67±0.92b	23.95±2.76b	37.46±2.13b	43.58±1.64ab	181.29±6.20a
	N225	11.85±1.21b	8.85±1.40a	12.76±1.36ab	0.32±0.08a	3.93±0.52a	4.78±0.59a	6.17±0.86ab	26.04±2.57a	46.08±2.17a	43.88±1.30a	180.88±4.25a
锌处理	Zn0	11.88±1.15b	8.72±0.87a	12.96±1.96a	0.31±0.08a	3.78±0.33a	4.00±0.30a	5.69±0.82b	25.50±2.74ab	34.22±3.34c	43.72±1.56a	183.50±6.89a
Zn treatment	Zn1	12.39±1.36ab	8.75±1.20a	12.84±1.40a	0.31±0.09a	3.88±0.45a	3.20±0.65b	7.30±0.17a	27.66±2.26a	39.33±3.88b	43.89±1.08a	182.67±3.34ab
	Zn2	12.73±1.64a	8.30±1.62b	12.34±1.43b	0.26±0.03b	3.80±0.62a	3.53±0.79ab	5.49±0.88b	22.45±2.46b	41.83±3.05b	43.00±1.33b	178.67±3.25c
	Zn3	11.92±1.16b	8.75±1.42a	12.83±1.08a	0.24±0.03b	3.90±0.42a	3.28±0.86b	5.71±0.31b	22.58±2.39b	50.22±3.91a	43.67±1.46a	180.28±5.00bc
品种	ZD958	11.28±0.73	7.62±0.66	13.96±0.10	0.27±0.05	3.49±0.49	3.58±0.60	3.01±0.16	27.70±2.73	35.39±2.20	42.61±0.80	182.14±5.68
Varieties	GSY66	13.18±1.17	9.64±0.92	11.52±0.10	0.29±0.04	4.18±0.28	3.43±0.61	9.08±0.43	21.39±1.79	47.42±4.44	44.53±1.16	180.42±4.42
N		^**	^**	^*	^**	^**	^**	ns	^**	^**	^*	ns
Zn		^**	^*	^*	^**	ns	^*	^**	^*	^**	^**	^**
V		^**	^**	^**	^*	^**	ns	^**	^**	^**	^**	ns
N×Zn		^*	^**	ns	^*	^**	^*	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**
N×V		ns	ns	^*	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns
Zn×V		^*	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**	^*	ns	^**	^*	^**
N×Zn×V		ns	^**	^**	ns	^**	^*	^**	ns	^**	^*	ns

处理 Treatments		N含量/ (g/kg) N concentration	P含量/ (g/kg) P concentration	K含量/ (g/kg) K concentration	Ca含量/ (g/kg) Ca concentration	Mg含量/ (g/kg) Mg concentration	Cu含量/ (mg/kg) Cu concentration	Mn含量/ (mg/kg) Mn concentration	Fe含量/ (mg/kg) Fe concentration	Zn含量/ (mg/kg) Zn concentration	B含量/ (mg/kg) B concentration	Na含量/ (mg/kg) Na concentration
氮处理	N90	12.07±1.46b	8.93±1.16a	13.00±1.75a	0.24±0.04c	3.88±0.45a	2.33±0.16c	6.38±0.53a	22.02±2.12b	40.67±3.20b	43.25±1.15b	181.67±4.93a
N treatment	N180	12.77±1.27a	8.12±1.19b	12.48±1.35b	0.28±0.05b	3.70±0.38b	3.38±0.44b	5.67±0.92b	23.95±2.76b	37.46±2.13b	43.58±1.64ab	181.29±6.20a
	N225	11.85±1.21b	8.85±1.40a	12.76±1.36ab	0.32±0.08a	3.93±0.52a	4.78±0.59a	6.17±0.86ab	26.04±2.57a	46.08±2.17a	43.88±1.30a	180.88±4.25a
锌处理	Zn0	11.88±1.15b	8.72±0.87a	12.96±1.96a	0.31±0.08a	3.78±0.33a	4.00±0.30a	5.69±0.82b	25.50±2.74ab	34.22±3.34c	43.72±1.56a	183.50±6.89a
Zn treatment	Zn1	12.39±1.36ab	8.75±1.20a	12.84±1.40a	0.31±0.09a	3.88±0.45a	3.20±0.65b	7.30±0.17a	27.66±2.26a	39.33±3.88b	43.89±1.08a	182.67±3.34ab
	Zn2	12.73±1.64a	8.30±1.62b	12.34±1.43b	0.26±0.03b	3.80±0.62a	3.53±0.79ab	5.49±0.88b	22.45±2.46b	41.83±3.05b	43.00±1.33b	178.67±3.25c
	Zn3	11.92±1.16b	8.75±1.42a	12.83±1.08a	0.24±0.03b	3.90±0.42a	3.28±0.86b	5.71±0.31b	22.58±2.39b	50.22±3.91a	43.67±1.46a	180.28±5.00bc
品种	ZD958	11.28±0.73	7.62±0.66	13.96±0.10	0.27±0.05	3.49±0.49	3.58±0.60	3.01±0.16	27.70±2.73	35.39±2.20	42.61±0.80	182.14±5.68
Varieties	GSY66	13.18±1.17	9.64±0.92	11.52±0.10	0.29±0.04	4.18±0.28	3.43±0.61	9.08±0.43	21.39±1.79	47.42±4.44	44.53±1.16	180.42±4.42
N		^**	^**	^*	^**	^**	^**	ns	^**	^**	^*	ns
Zn		^**	^*	^*	^**	ns	^*	^**	^*	^**	^**	^**
V		^**	^**	^**	^*	^**	ns	^**	^**	^**	^**	ns
N×Zn		^*	^**	ns	^*	^**	^*	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**
N×V		ns	ns	^*	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns
Zn×V		^*	^**	^**	^**	^**	^**	^*	ns	^**	^*	^**
N×Zn×V		ns	^**	^**	ns	^**	^*	^**	ns	^**	^*	ns

氮处理 N treatments		锌处理 Zn treatments		品种 Varieties		N含量 N concentration		P含量 P concentration		K含量 K concentration		Ca含量 Ca concentration		Mg含量 Mg concentration
N90		Zn0		ZD958		10.79±0.35gh		8.21±0.25def		15.82±0.72a		0.23±0.03g		3.48±0.08fgh
				GSY66		12.10±0.24defgh		8.76±0.03cd		10.78±0.01jk		0.31±0.03cde		3.75±0.04def
		Zn1		ZD958		11.27±0.39fgh		7.72±0.11efg		13.63±0.02bcde		0.25±0.00efg		3.54±0.14efgh
				GSY66		12.93±0.60bcde		9.91±0.03ab		11.85±0.23ghij		0.24±0.02efg		4.35±0.12ab
		Zn2		ZD958		10.66±0.67h		7.76±0.14efg		14.35±0.16bc		0.22±0.01g		3.45±0.03fgh
				GSY66		14.22±0.24ab		10.69±0.30a		11.63±0.27hij		0.23±0.02efg		4.67±0.13a
		Zn3		ZD958		10.99±0.19gh		8.12±0.11def		14.3±0.03bcd		0.23±0.02fg		3.64±0.02efg
				GSY66		13.57±0.67abc		10.29±0.05ab		11.61±0.24hij		0.23±0.01g		4.13±0.03bcd
N180		Zn0		ZD958		11.26±0.04fgh		7.48±0.09fgh		13.36±0.47cdef		0.26±0.00efg		3.41±0.04fgh
				GSY66		12.73±0.50cdef		9.86±0.11ab		12.09±0.48ghi		0.38±0.05abc		4.29±0.09abc
		Zn1		ZD958		12.24±0.05cdefg		7.72±0.29efg		14.14±0.52bcd		0.31±0.01cdef		3.52±0.01fgh
				GSY66		14.63±0.17a		8.67±0.08cde		11.28±0.19hijk		0.30±0.03defg		3.80±0.04def
	Zn2		ZD958		12.12±0.37defgh		6.65±0.11h		13.38±0.38cdef		0.26±0.00efg		3.25±0.03gh
			GSY66		14.64±0.23a		8.15±0.09def		10.34±0.31k		0.27±0.00efg		3.71±0.08ef
	Zn3		ZD958		11.60±0.19efgh		6.89±0.04gh		13.21±0.36def		0.22±0.01g		3.52±0.08fgh
			GSY66		12.97±0.16bcde		9.48±0.79bc		12.02±0.44ghi		0.27±0.01efg		4.14±0.29bcd
N225	Zn0		ZD958		11.54±0.73efgh		8.53±0.22cde		14.58±0.01b		0.29±0.00defg		3.80±0.02def
			GSY66		12.87±1.04bcde		9.47±0.40bc		11.15±0.22ijk		0.42±0.02ab		3.95±0.17cde
	Zn1		ZD958		10.80±0.21gh		7.88±0.24defg		14.58±0.08b		0.43±0.03a		3.55±0.09efgh
			GSY66		12.48±0.32cdef		10.62±0.20a		11.57±0.00hij		0.35±0.08bcd		4.51±0.20ab
	Zn2		ZD958		11.28±0.11fgh		6.71±0.04h		12.74±0.09efg		0.29±0.00defg		3.21±0.05h
			GSY66		13.43±0.58abcd		9.82±0.72ab		11.63±0.52hij		0.27±0.01efg		4.5±0.23ab
	Zn3		ZD958		10.82±0.27gh		7.75±0.53efg		13.48±0.28bcde		0.26±0.02efg		3.54±0.20efgh
			GSY66		11.60±0.39efgh		9.98±0.38ab		12.36±0.57fgh		0.25±0.01efg		4.41±0.12ab

氮处理 N treatments		锌处理 Zn treatments		品种 Varieties		N含量 N concentration		P含量 P concentration		K含量 K concentration		Ca含量 Ca concentration		Mg含量 Mg concentration
N90		Zn0		ZD958		10.79±0.35gh		8.21±0.25def		15.82±0.72a		0.23±0.03g		3.48±0.08fgh
				GSY66		12.10±0.24defgh		8.76±0.03cd		10.78±0.01jk		0.31±0.03cde		3.75±0.04def
		Zn1		ZD958		11.27±0.39fgh		7.72±0.11efg		13.63±0.02bcde		0.25±0.00efg		3.54±0.14efgh
				GSY66		12.93±0.60bcde		9.91±0.03ab		11.85±0.23ghij		0.24±0.02efg		4.35±0.12ab
		Zn2		ZD958		10.66±0.67h		7.76±0.14efg		14.35±0.16bc		0.22±0.01g		3.45±0.03fgh
				GSY66		14.22±0.24ab		10.69±0.30a		11.63±0.27hij		0.23±0.02efg		4.67±0.13a
		Zn3		ZD958		10.99±0.19gh		8.12±0.11def		14.3±0.03bcd		0.23±0.02fg		3.64±0.02efg
				GSY66		13.57±0.67abc		10.29±0.05ab		11.61±0.24hij		0.23±0.01g		4.13±0.03bcd
N180		Zn0		ZD958		11.26±0.04fgh		7.48±0.09fgh		13.36±0.47cdef		0.26±0.00efg		3.41±0.04fgh
				GSY66		12.73±0.50cdef		9.86±0.11ab		12.09±0.48ghi		0.38±0.05abc		4.29±0.09abc
		Zn1		ZD958		12.24±0.05cdefg		7.72±0.29efg		14.14±0.52bcd		0.31±0.01cdef		3.52±0.01fgh
				GSY66		14.63±0.17a		8.67±0.08cde		11.28±0.19hijk		0.30±0.03defg		3.80±0.04def
	Zn2		ZD958		12.12±0.37defgh		6.65±0.11h		13.38±0.38cdef		0.26±0.00efg		3.25±0.03gh
			GSY66		14.64±0.23a		8.15±0.09def		10.34±0.31k		0.27±0.00efg		3.71±0.08ef
	Zn3		ZD958		11.60±0.19efgh		6.89±0.04gh		13.21±0.36def		0.22±0.01g		3.52±0.08fgh
			GSY66		12.97±0.16bcde		9.48±0.79bc		12.02±0.44ghi		0.27±0.01efg		4.14±0.29bcd
N225	Zn0		ZD958		11.54±0.73efgh		8.53±0.22cde		14.58±0.01b		0.29±0.00defg		3.80±0.02def
			GSY66		12.87±1.04bcde		9.47±0.40bc		11.15±0.22ijk		0.42±0.02ab		3.95±0.17cde
	Zn1		ZD958		10.80±0.21gh		7.88±0.24defg		14.58±0.08b		0.43±0.03a		3.55±0.09efgh
			GSY66		12.48±0.32cdef		10.62±0.20a		11.57±0.00hij		0.35±0.08bcd		4.51±0.20ab
	Zn2		ZD958		11.28±0.11fgh		6.71±0.04h		12.74±0.09efg		0.29±0.00defg		3.21±0.05h
			GSY66		13.43±0.58abcd		9.82±0.72ab		11.63±0.52hij		0.27±0.01efg		4.5±0.23ab
	Zn3		ZD958		10.82±0.27gh		7.75±0.53efg		13.48±0.28bcde		0.26±0.02efg		3.54±0.20efgh
			GSY66		11.60±0.39efgh		9.98±0.38ab		12.36±0.57fgh		0.25±0.01efg		4.41±0.12ab

氮处理 N treatments	锌处理 Zn treatments	品种 Varieties	Cu含量 Cu concentration	Mn含量 Mn concentration	Fe含量 Fe concentration	Zn含量 Zn concentration	B含量 B concentration	Na含量 Na concentration
N90	Zn0	ZD958	2.13±0.25defg	2.92±1.03hij	18.15±0.77d	25.81±1.17g	42.21±0.11hi	183.49±3.57bc
		GSY66	2.89±0.63def	6.82±0.68ef	28.97±6.05cd	27.31±1.73g	44.55±0.51abcd	178.33±0.08cd
	Zn1	ZD958	1.02±0.42g	1.67±0.84ij	18.79±0.01d	27.84±1.29g	42.16±0.33ghi	182.85±1.00bc
		GSY66	2.34±0.09efg	12.32±0.24ab	21.00±1.2cd	44.63±0.77cd	43.70±0.24cdefg	181.03±3.01bcd
	Zn2	ZD958	2.19±0.93defg	1.96±0.09ij	17.77±0.93d	35.02±1.22defg	42.45±0.28ghi	180.03±2.39bcd
		GSY66	3.36±0.25cde	13.42±0.9a	24.68±0.62cd	59.95±0.58a	43.46±0.08defgh	181.24±1.71bcd
	Zn3	ZD958	1.67±0.05efg	3.10±0.34hi	24.30±2.56cd	47.71±2.50bc	43.10±0.18efghi	180.02±1.22bcd
		GSY66	2.54±0.32defg	8.47±0.18de	22.50±1.00cd	57.04±1.89ab	44.87±0.83abcd	186.67±5.78b
N180	Zn0	ZD958	3.67±0.26bcd	0.68±0.09j	21.89±0.55cd	26.48±2.41g	42.39±0.19ghi	194.49±1.06a
		GSY66	5.14±0.22ab	11.01±1.07bc	35.05±9.20bc	44.73±4.92cd	45.21±0.18ab	180.68±1.6bcd
	Zn1	ZD958	4.26±0.07bcd	4.60±0.64gh	21.95±0.26cd	31.20±2.65efg	43.22±0.38defgh	179.79±2.15bcd
		GSY66	3.40±0.24cde	8.50±0.10de	23.32±2.35cd	41.69±0.02cde	45.50±0.04ab	185.09±1.89bc
	Zn2	ZD958	1.40±0.5fg	1.13±0.08j	24.54±0.52cd	29.05±0.09fg	41.89±0.34i	175.36±0.29d
		GSY66	5.01±0.08abc	5.72±0.08fg	20.34±0.45d	39.99±3.58cdef	43.25±0.52efghi	178.17±2.61cd
	Zn3	ZD958	2.15±0.58efg	3.17±1.12hij	23.52±1.11cd	35.48±4.54defg	41.93±0.24hi	178.82±1.96cd
		GSY66	2.21±0.27defg	9.87±1.01cd	20.96±2.28cd	50.9±8.82abc	45.85±0.37a	177.75±1.11cd
N225	Zn0	ZD958	5.10±0.05abc	3.47±0.37hi	21.47±0.36cd	45.41±0.27cd	43.17±0.17efghi	187.38±3.99b
		GSY66	5.13±0.63abc	9.17±0.56cde	24.51±0.92cd	36.08±1.51defg	44.75±1.02abc	177.66±0.21cd
	Zn1	ZD958	5.43±0.90ab	4.53±0.36gh	40.10±3.41a	39.56±1.70cdef	44.10±0.29abcde	185.31±1.65bc
		GSY66	3.43±0.87cde	12.07±0.11ab	36.01±16.04ab	49.86±6.50abc	44.17±0.30abcde	182.42±0.01bcd
	Zn2	ZD958	2.87±0.55def	1.07±0.13j	23.80±3.00cd	30.45±3.34fg	42.45±0.08ghi	179.14±0.99cd
		GSY66	6.00±0.58a	9.50±0.94cd	20.81±0.69cd	56.74±3.22ab	45.49±0.27ab	178.09±2.05cd
	Zn3	ZD958	3.90±1.18bcd	1.83±0.00ij	20.71±2.24cd	50.12±6.10abc	42.59±0.42fghi	180.15±0.44bcd
		GSY66	6.37±0.81a	7.50±0.74ef	20.91±1.79cd	60.28±3.40a	44.37±0.62bcdef	178.06±0.96cd

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