Effects of Irrigation and Topdressing Nitrogen at Jointing Stage on Grain Yield and Quality of Furrow-seeding Wheat in Dryland

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20193771

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of irrigation method and topdressing nitrogen on grain yield,quality and nitrogen accumulation and translocation of furrow-seeding wheat in dryland,a field experiment including five treatments,i.e.no irrigation and no topdressing nitrogen(NIND),every furrow irrigation and no topdressing nitrogen(EFIND),alternative furrow irrigation and no topdressing nitrogen(AFIND),every furrow irrigation and topdressing nitrogen(EFITD)and alternative furrow irrigation and topdressing nitrogen(AFITD),were set at jointing stage based on a no-tillage furrow-seeding wheat field from October 2019 to June 2020.The grain yield and its components,main quality index,as well as the shoot nitrogen accumulation,translocation and distribution were measured.The results showed that irrigation at jointing stage,irrigation mode and topdressing nitrogen significantly regulated the yield,quality and nitrogen accumulation and translocation of furrow-seeding wheat in dryland,and the regulation effects was additive.Compared with NIND,the grain yields in EFIND,AFIND,EFITD and AFITD were significantly increased by 46.57%,67.72%,83.71%,95.88%,as well as the nitrogen accumulation at anthesis,the post-anthesis nitrogen accumulation and its contribution rate to grain were significantly increased,so the nitrogen accumulation amounts at maturity were significantly increased by 25.94%,41.00%,65.86%,82.64%.Compared with NIND,the quality in EFIND,AFIND and EFITD was significantly decreased,while that in AFITD did not decrease or even significantly increased.Compared with EFI,AFI did not affect the nitrogen accumulation at anthesis,but significantly increased the post-anthesis nitrogen accumulation,and thus significantly increased the total nitrogen accumulation at maturity and grain nitrogen accumulation.Finally,compared with EFI,the grain yield in AFI was significantly increased,but the difference of quality indexes except the sedimentation value was not significant under ND,while the significant improvement of grain yield and various quality indexes was observed under TD.Compared with ND,the nitrogen accumulation at anthesis,pre-anthesis nitrogen accumulation and its translocation amount,post-anthesis nitrogen accumulation and its contribution rate to grain in TD were significantly increased,and thus the shoot nitrogen accumulation and grain nitrogen distribution rate at maturity were also significantly increased,so the grain yield,grain nitrogen accumulation and grain quality were significantly improved.Moreover,the regulation effect on quality under AFI was greater than that under EFI.In conclusion, AFITD could not only improve the shoot nitrogen accumulation at anthesis and after anthesis, but also significantly increased the amount of pre-anthesis nitrogen translocation to grain, and the shoot nitrogen accumulation and its distribution rate in grain at maturity, thus finally synergistically improved grain yield and quality of furrow-seeding wheat. Therefore, alternative furrow irrigation combined with topdressing nitrogen at jointing stage could be recommended as an alternative mode in dryland.

Key words: Wheat, Dryland, Alternative furrow irrigation, Topdressing nitrogen, Furrow-seeding, Yield, Quality

WU Jinzhi, LI Shujing, LI Guoqiang, HUANG Ming, FU Guozhan, LI Youjun, JIANG Xiang, FENG Ye. Effects of Irrigation and Topdressing Nitrogen at Jointing Stage on Grain Yield and Quality of Furrow-seeding Wheat in Dryland[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2023, 38(3): 100-107. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20193771.

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References 28

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处理 Treatment	穗数/(×10⁴/hm²) Spike number	穗粒数 Grains per spike	千粒质量/g 1000-grain weight	产量/(kg/hm²) Yield
NIND	585.40±4.78c	20.77±0.32e	34.53±0.38e	3 571.03±121.74e
EFIND	640.90±3.91b	25.50±0.15d	37.50±0.12d	5 208.95±18.25d
AFIND	661.42±10.76ab	26.77±0.09c	39.57±0.20c	5 952.90±58.42c
EFITD	658.57±6.24ab	28.67±0.15b	40.60±0.06b	6 514.97±63.84b
AFITD	661.48±10.43a	29.50±0.12a	41.87±0.15a	6 943.21±75.86a

处理 Treatment	穗数/(×10⁴/hm²) Spike number	穗粒数 Grains per spike	千粒质量/g 1000-grain weight	产量/(kg/hm²) Yield
NIND	585.40±4.78c	20.77±0.32e	34.53±0.38e	3 571.03±121.74e
EFIND	640.90±3.91b	25.50±0.15d	37.50±0.12d	5 208.95±18.25d
AFIND	661.42±10.76ab	26.77±0.09c	39.57±0.20c	5 952.90±58.42c
EFITD	658.57±6.24ab	28.67±0.15b	40.60±0.06b	6 514.97±63.84b
AFITD	661.48±10.43a	29.50±0.12a	41.87±0.15a	6 943.21±75.86a

处理 Treatment	出粉率/% Flour extraction rate	蛋白质含量/ (mg/g) Protein content	湿面筋含量/ (mg/g) Wet gluten content	沉降值/mL Sedimentation value	面团形成时间/min Dough developing time	吸水率/% Water absorption rate
NIND	74.95±0.37a	147.9±2.3a	360.7±1.9b	34.18±0.36a	5.70±0.09b	64.86±0.36ab
EFIND	76.94±0.45a	135.8±0.4c	335.4±4.2c	31.60±0.43b	5.08±0.07d	63.04±0.48b
AFIND	76.91±0.48a	133.9±0.4c	340.5±5.0c	29.10±0.26c	4.83±0.05d	62.15±0.21b
EFITD	74.87±0.42a	141.6±0.4b	369.2±4.2b	31.67±0.44b	5.40±0.09c	65.34±0.13ab
AFITD	75.06±0.46a	146.0±0.6a	382.1±2.8a	35.36±0.37a	6.13±0.10a	66.69±0.18a

处理 Treatment	出粉率/% Flour extraction rate	蛋白质含量/ (mg/g) Protein content	湿面筋含量/ (mg/g) Wet gluten content	沉降值/mL Sedimentation value	面团形成时间/min Dough developing time	吸水率/% Water absorption rate
NIND	74.95±0.37a	147.9±2.3a	360.7±1.9b	34.18±0.36a	5.70±0.09b	64.86±0.36ab
EFIND	76.94±0.45a	135.8±0.4c	335.4±4.2c	31.60±0.43b	5.08±0.07d	63.04±0.48b
AFIND	76.91±0.48a	133.9±0.4c	340.5±5.0c	29.10±0.26c	4.83±0.05d	62.15±0.21b
EFITD	74.87±0.42a	141.6±0.4b	369.2±4.2b	31.67±0.44b	5.40±0.09c	65.34±0.13ab
AFITD	75.06±0.46a	146.0±0.6a	382.1±2.8a	35.36±0.37a	6.13±0.10a	66.69±0.18a

处理 Treatment	花前氮素Pre-anthesis nitrogen			花后氮素Post-anthesis nitrogen
处理 Treatment	转运量/(kg/hm²) Translocation amount	转运率/% Translocation rate	对籽粒氮素的贡献率/% Contribution rate to grain	积累量/(kg/hm²) Accumulation amount	对籽粒氮素的贡献率/% Contribution rate to grain
NIND	73.57±3.10c	62.74±1.59a	89.49±1.25a	8.64±1.05d	10.51±1.25d
EFIND	85.29±1.59b	62.39±0.86a	79.72±2.03b	21.75±2.40c	20.28±2.03c
AFIND	76.97±0.97c	58.33±0.55b	62.87±0.47c	45.44±0.36b	37.13±0.47b
EFITD	95.76±3.41a	60.38±1.12ab	65.62±2.35c	50.17±3.45b	34.38±2.35b
AFITD	92.36±1.37ab	58.40±0.39b	56.36±1.26d	71.65±3.52a	43.64±1.26a

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