Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Dry Matter Accumulation,Nitrogen Distribution and Yield of Maize under Different Ecological Conditions

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20193260

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to investigate the effects of nitrogen application rates on the accumulation and distribution characteristics of dry matter and nitrogen,yield and components of maize in the key growth period under different ecological conditions in Inner Mongolia,experiments were carried out in three ecological zones,Tumed Right Banner of Baotou City,Harqin Banner of Songshan District of Chifeng City and Wuyuan County of Bayannur City of Inner Mongolia in 2021.Using maize varieties Xianyu 335,Zhengdan 958 and Jingke 968 as experimental materials,the effects of nitrogen application rate on dry matter and nitrogen accumulation,distribution,transport and yield formation in different organs of maize were studied.The results showed that the interaction between ecological zone and nitrogen fertilizer had a extremely significant effects on dry matter accumulation and distribution,nitrogen accumulation and distribution,yield and its component factors.The proportion of dry matter in various organs of maize varieties in different ecological regions was different,in order of grain>stalk>cob+bract>leaf blade.The difference was mainly manifested in the silking maturity stage. At N2 level,Xianyu 335 had higher dry matter accumulation before flowering and Zhengdan 958 had higher dry matter accumulation after flowering.At the N1 level,the stalk transfer volume,stalk transfer rate and stalk contribution rate of Jingke 968 showed good performance.The nitrogen accumulation of maize varieties with different nitrogen efficiency showed an increasing trend with the advance of growth period.The nitrogen distribution in all organs at maturity stage was grain>leaf blade > cob + bract > stalk.The maize yield in different ecological regions was Harqin Banner>Wuyuan County>Tumed Right Banner.Under the N0 level of Tumed Right Banner,the yield was Xianyu 335>Jingke 968>Zhengdan 958;at the N1 and N2 levels,the yield performance was Zhengdan 958>Jingke 968> Xianyu 335.At the different nitrogen levels in Wuyuan County and Harqin Banner,the yields were Zhengdan 958>Jingke 968>Xianyu 335,and the differences between varieties were significant(P<0.05).In conclusion,the response of nitrogen fertilizer level to Xianyu 335 dry matter accumulation was better in Wuyuan County and Tumed Right Banner.And the response of Jingke 968 and Zhengdan 958 to dry matter accumulation was better in Harqin Banner.Compared with Jingke 968,Xianyu 335 and Zhengdan 958 had better utilization of nitrogen fertilizer at the later growth stage.

Key words: Maize, Ecological conditions, Nitrogen fertilizer, Dry matter accumulation, Yield

YANG Xiujuan, SUN Jiying, GAO Julin, LIU Jian, MENG Fansheng, ZHANG Yuezhong, WEN Xiaoliang, WANG Zhigang, YU Xiaofang, LIU Wenxiang, WANG Yanqi. Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Dry Matter Accumulation,Nitrogen Distribution and Yield of Maize under Different Ecological Conditions[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2023, 38(3): 108-120. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20193260.

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References 34

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生态区 Ecological region	纬度 Latitude	经度 Longitude	全生育期Whole growth period
生态区 Ecological region	纬度 Latitude	经度 Longitude	降雨量/mm Precipitation	日照时数/h Sunshine hours	积温/℃ Accumulation temperature
土默特右旗Tumed Right Banner	40°32'N	122°48'E	234.17	1 330.70	3 206.0
五原县Wuyuan County	41°11'N	122°49'E	124.93	1 421.63	3 144.4
喀喇沁旗Harqin Banner	42°30'N	118°87'E	339.30	1 323.77	3 106.5

生态区 Ecological region	纬度 Latitude	经度 Longitude	全生育期Whole growth period
生态区 Ecological region	纬度 Latitude	经度 Longitude	降雨量/mm Precipitation	日照时数/h Sunshine hours	积温/℃ Accumulation temperature
土默特右旗Tumed Right Banner	40°32'N	122°48'E	234.17	1 330.70	3 206.0
五原县Wuyuan County	41°11'N	122°49'E	124.93	1 421.63	3 144.4
喀喇沁旗Harqin Banner	42°30'N	118°87'E	339.30	1 323.77	3 106.5

生态区 Ecological region	全氮/ (mg/g) Total N	pH值 pH value	碱解氮/ (mg/kg) Alkaline N	速效磷/ (mg/kg) Available P	有机质/ (g/kg) Organic matter	速效钾/ (mg/kg ) Available K
土默特右旗Tumed Right Banner	1.09	8.23	56.87	4.21	21.69	67.13
五原县Wuyuan County	0.64	8.97	33.66	12.21	8.66	107.07
喀喇沁旗Harqin Banner	0.59	8.34	35.19	15.79	7.53	91.07

生态区 Ecological region	全氮/ (mg/g) Total N	pH值 pH value	碱解氮/ (mg/kg) Alkaline N	速效磷/ (mg/kg) Available P	有机质/ (g/kg) Organic matter	速效钾/ (mg/kg ) Available K
土默特右旗Tumed Right Banner	1.09	8.23	56.87	4.21	21.69	67.13
五原县Wuyuan County	0.64	8.97	33.66	12.21	8.66	107.07
喀喇沁旗Harqin Banner	0.59	8.34	35.19	15.79	7.53	91.07

变异来源 Source of variation	穗数 Ears per hectare	穗粒数 Grains per spike	千粒质量 1000-seed mass	产量 Yield	氮肥偏生产力 NPFP	氮肥农学利用效率 NAE	自由度 df
地点Site(S)	462.04^**	28.99^**	289.55^**	105.01^**	40.45^**	9.93^**	2
氮肥Nitrogen fertilizer (N)	23.11^**	122.33^**	90.32^**	224.15^**	7 439.32^**	127.81^**	2
品种Variety (V)	17.52^**	5.08^**	71.92^**	32.91^**	46.54^**	13.64^**	2
地点×氮肥S×N	11.56^**	28.67^**	4.99^**	14.24^**	19.24^**	15.92^**	4
地点×品种S×V	3.33^*	34.39^**	7.35^**	14.81^**	12.62^**	3.33^*	4
氮肥×品种N×V	14.05^**	6.93^**	10.34^**	7.38^**	14.77^**	6.65^**	4
地点×氮肥×品种S×N×V	8.21^**	12.68^**	3.01^**	2.49^*	5.61^**	2.22^*	8

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