Cloning and Expression Analysis of Glutamate Decarboxylase GADs from Watermelon

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20194340

Abstract

Abstract:

Glutamate decarboxylase(GAD)is a cleavage enzyme that catalyzes the decarboxylation of glutamic acid,plays a key role in GABA synthesis pathway and has an important influence on plants' resistance to abiotic stress.Three watermelon GAD gene family members(Cla97C01G007270,Cla97C01G007290 and Cla97C04G079700)were screened by the association analysis of metabolomics and transcriptomes.On this basis,three watermelon GAD family genes were cloned,named ClGAD1,ClGAD2 and ClGAD3 respectively,and their bioinformatics and expression patterns were analyzed.The results showed that the CDS of ClGAD1,ClGAD2 and ClGAD3 were 1 524,1 497 and 1 497 bp,respectively,and the number of amino acids encoded by them was 507,498 and 498,respectively.All three proteins were hydrophilic proteins and were located in mitochondria.It was highly conserved,and the conserved domain was glutamic acid decarboxylase.Its promoter region contained a large number of CAAT-box and TATA-box,as well as corresponding elements related to adversity stress such as MYB and MYC.The secondary structures of the three GAD proteins were mainly α-helix and random coil.The tertiary structures were all homohexamer structures.Phylogenetic tree showed that members of GAD gene family were closest to GAD of Momordica charantia and Arabidopsis thaliana.qRT-PCR analysis indicated that the highest expression levels of ClGAD1 and ClGAD2 were showed in stems,while that of ClGAD3 was showed in flowers.The expression levels of ClGAD1,ClGAD2 and ClGAD3 were the highest under salt stress for 12,24 and 48 h,respectively.Under cold and drought stress,the expression patterns of the three GAD genes were similar,and all of them were expressed in large quantities in the early stage of stress,and the expression of ClGAD3 under abiotic stress was higher than that of the other two family members.The full-length cDNA of three GAD genes in watermelon was obtained,and their bioinformatics and expression patterns were analyzed,which provided an experimental basis for enriching the abiotic stress resistance gene resources of watermelon.

Key words: Watermelon, GADs, Abiotic stress, Bioinformatics analysis, Expression analysis

LI Mingxuan, LIU Ying, YANG Baiming, ZHANG Fan, SONG Jiaxin, SU Chaijing, ZHANG Weihua, WU Ying. Cloning and Expression Analysis of Glutamate Decarboxylase GADs from Watermelon[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2023, 38(6): 18-25. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20194340.

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Figures/Tables 9

Tab.1 Physicochemical properties of watermelon GAD proteins

基因名称 Gene name	氨基酸数量 Number of amino acid	分子量/ku Molecular weight	等电点 Isoelectric point	亲水性总平均值 GRAVY	亚细胞定位 Subcellular localization
ClGAD1	507	57.18	5.79	-0.237	线粒体
ClGAD2	498	56.24	5.51	-0.239	线粒体
ClGAD3	498	56.18	5.97	-0.219	线粒体

Fig.1 The converse domain structure analysis of ClGAD1(A)、ClGAD2(B)and ClGAD3(C)protein

Fig.2 The phosphorylation site(A),secondary(B)and tertiary(C)structure models prediction of ClGAD1 protein

Tab.2 Secondary structure prediction of members of the watermelon GAD gene family %

蛋白名称 Protein name	α-螺旋 Alpha helix	β-转角 Beta turn	无规卷曲 Random coil	延伸链 Extended strand
ClGAD1	40.24	6.71	36.88	16.17
ClGAD2	40.16	6.63	37.75	15.46
ClGAD3	40.96	6.43	37.15	15.46

Fig.3 Genetic structure of members of the watermelon GAD gene family

Fig.4 Phylogenetic tree,motif,and conserved domain analysis of GAD gene family

Fig.5 Phylogenetic tree of ClGADs and GAD proteins in other plants

Fig.6 Prediction of cis-acting elements of GAD family genes

Fig.7 Expression pattern analysis of ClGAD gene in different tissues(A)and under salt(B),cold(C)and drought stress(D)

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