Response of Drip-irrigated Maize to Different Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilization Methods in Semiarid Region of Northeast China

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20194156

Abstract

Abstract:

This research studied the effects of different phosphorus and potassium fertilization methods on maize growth,nutrient uptake and utilization.It was determined suitable fertigation timings and frequencies of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer,and to provide a theoretical basis for drip fertilization technology of maize with phosphorus and potassium in semi-arid areas of northeast China.A field experiment was conducted in 2018—2019,with Xiangyu 998 as a test material,six treatments were set up,P0 (No phosphorus fertilizer),K0 (No potassium fertilizer),P1(100% basal application of P fertilizer,50% basal application of K fertilizer,the other 50% fertigation three times),K1(100% basal application of K fertilizer,50% basal application of P fertilizer,the other 50% fertigation four times),P1K1(100% basal application of P and K fertilizer),and P4K3(50% basal application of P and K fertilizer,the other 50% P fertigation four times and the other 50% K fertigation three times).The results showed that compared with the P1 treatment,the P4K3 treatment increased maize yield by 4.2%,dry matter accumulation at maturity by 6.8% (P<0.05),post silking P accumulation by 33.3% (P<0.05),and significantly improved the P fertilizer recovery efficiency and agronomic efficiency by 21.6 percentage points and 28.5%,respectively.Compared with the K1 treatment,the P4K3 treatment increased maize yield by 3.5%,dry matter accumulation at maturity by 5.1%,and significantly improved the K fertilizer recovery efficiency and agronomic efficiency by 14.9 percentage points and 53.5%,respectively;compared with the single application of phosphorus and potassium treatment,maize yield was increased by 5.0%,the uptake of phosphorus after silking was increased by 26.3%,and P fertilizer recovery efficiency and P agronomic efficiency were increased by 19.5 percentage points and 32.6%,respectively;K fertilizer recovery efficiency and agronomic efficiency increased by 15.2 percentage points and 95.5%,respectively.Fractional fertigation of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer could not only be beneficial to improve yield of maize,but also promote post-silking nutrient uptake and improve nutrient utilization under drip irrigation conditions.Comprehensive consideration,P4K3 treatment is a more suitable drip fertigation technique for field production.

Key words: Maize, Phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, Drip irrigation, Yield, Phosphorus and potassium utilization

LI Qian, QIN Yubo, SUN Bo, WANG Meng, KONG Lili, YIN Caixia, XU Chen, LIU Zhiquan. Response of Drip-irrigated Maize to Different Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilization Methods in Semiarid Region of Northeast China[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2023, 38(6): 127-133. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20194156.

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References 29

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处理 Treatments	产量/(kg/hm²) Yield	穗数/(穗/hm²) Ear number	穗粒数/(粒/穗) Grain number	百粒质量/g 100-grain weight
P0	9 778±266e	63 859±3 265a	532±30d	26.4±1.8b
K0	10 789±262d	63 840±3 637a	547±40c	28.7±2.8a
P1	11 469±209bc	64 040±3 591a	569±48b	29.0±2.6a
K1	11 544±147b	63 019±2 111a	579±42ab	28.8±2.4a
P1K1	11 382±156c	64 222±3 050a	571±44b	28.7±2.5a
P4K3	11 953±152a	66 089±1 811a	583±49a	29.2±2.5a
2018	11 194±712a	64 236±3 254a	522±13b	30.8±1.4a
2019	11 088±789a	64 121±3 014a	605±25a	26.1±0.8b
变异来源Source of variation
年份Year(Y)	NS	NS	**	**
方法Method(M)	**	NS	**	**
年份×方法Y×M	NS	NS	**	NS

处理 Treatments	产量/(kg/hm²) Yield	穗数/(穗/hm²) Ear number	穗粒数/(粒/穗) Grain number	百粒质量/g 100-grain weight
P0	9 778±266e	63 859±3 265a	532±30d	26.4±1.8b
K0	10 789±262d	63 840±3 637a	547±40c	28.7±2.8a
P1	11 469±209bc	64 040±3 591a	569±48b	29.0±2.6a
K1	11 544±147b	63 019±2 111a	579±42ab	28.8±2.4a
P1K1	11 382±156c	64 222±3 050a	571±44b	28.7±2.5a
P4K3	11 953±152a	66 089±1 811a	583±49a	29.2±2.5a
2018	11 194±712a	64 236±3 254a	522±13b	30.8±1.4a
2019	11 088±789a	64 121±3 014a	605±25a	26.1±0.8b
变异来源Source of variation
年份Year(Y)	NS	NS	**	**
方法Method(M)	**	NS	**	**
年份×方法Y×M	NS	NS	**	NS

处理 Treatments	拔节期 Elongation stage	大口期 Big bell stage	吐丝期 Silking stage	灌浆期 Milking stage	成熟期 Mature stage
P0	34.1±10.5a	71.7±9.1b	127.6±6.5c	208.9±4.7c	280.6±11.7c
K0	33.2±8.0a	73.3±7.9b	129.2±8.5c	208.5±17.0c	281.7±9.4c
P1	33.5±8.8a	74.5±10.5ab	144.5±10.6ab	230.0±9.2b	315.1±6.5b
K1	34.2±9.7a	75.6±12.4ab	144.8±10.6ab	234.5±14.9b	320.1±6.1b
P1K1	34.6±8.8a	80.2±11.4a	138.2±11.5b	233.4±9.3b	312.8±12.7b
P4K3	34.6±8.9a	81.0±13.4a	150.2±10.2a	249.0±12.0a	336.5±3.3a
2018	25.1±1.5b	66.3±3.8b	130.8±7.8b	218.8±17.5b	303.6±25.6b
2019	42.9±2.7a	85.8±7.6a	147.4±11.5a	235.7±15.8a	312.0±18.6a
变异来源Source of variation
年份Year(Y)	**	**	**	**	*
方法Method(M)	NS	NS	**	**	**
年份×方法Y×M	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS

处理 Treatments	拔节期 Elongation stage	大口期 Big bell stage	吐丝期 Silking stage	灌浆期 Milking stage	成熟期 Mature stage
P0	34.1±10.5a	71.7±9.1b	127.6±6.5c	208.9±4.7c	280.6±11.7c
K0	33.2±8.0a	73.3±7.9b	129.2±8.5c	208.5±17.0c	281.7±9.4c
P1	33.5±8.8a	74.5±10.5ab	144.5±10.6ab	230.0±9.2b	315.1±6.5b
K1	34.2±9.7a	75.6±12.4ab	144.8±10.6ab	234.5±14.9b	320.1±6.1b
P1K1	34.6±8.8a	80.2±11.4a	138.2±11.5b	233.4±9.3b	312.8±12.7b
P4K3	34.6±8.9a	81.0±13.4a	150.2±10.2a	249.0±12.0a	336.5±3.3a
2018	25.1±1.5b	66.3±3.8b	130.8±7.8b	218.8±17.5b	303.6±25.6b
2019	42.9±2.7a	85.8±7.6a	147.4±11.5a	235.7±15.8a	312.0±18.6a
变异来源Source of variation
年份Year(Y)	**	**	**	**	*
方法Method(M)	NS	NS	**	**	**
年份×方法Y×M	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS

处理 Treatments	吐丝期磷素积累量/(g/株) P accumulation at silking	成熟期磷素积累量/(g/株) P accumulation at mature					磷再转运量/(g/株) P remobilization	花后吸收量/(g/株) Post-silking P uptake	花后吸收对籽粒贡献率/% Contribution to grain P by post- silking P uptake
处理 Treatments	吐丝期磷素积累量/(g/株) P accumulation at silking	秸秆 Straw		籽粒 Grain		总量 Total	磷再转运量/(g/株) P remobilization	花后吸收量/(g/株) Post-silking P uptake
P0	0.82±0.13d	0.31±0.07e	0.80±0.05d		1.11±0.10d		0.51±0.07c	0.29±0.07c	36.0±8.0c
K0	0.89±0.11c	0.37±0.05d	1.03±0.05c		1.40±0.09c		0.52±0.06bc	0.51±0.08b	49.5±7.0ab
P1	1.02±0.08b	0.45±0.03c	1.11±0.15b		1.56±0.13b		0.57±0.10ab	0.54±0.06b	49.0±2.8b
K1	1.04±0.08b	0.51±0.03b	1.14±0.15b		1.65±0.13b		0.57±0.10ab	0.55±0.06b	50.0±3.2ab
P1K1	1.04±0.07b	0.46±0.02bc	1.13±0.12b		1.59±0.11b		0.58±0.08a	0.57±0.08b	49.2±4.0b
P4K3	1.12±0.06a	0.54±0.03a	1.30±0.09a		1.84±0.06a		0.58±0.09a	0.72±0.06a	55.5±4.8a
2018	0.91±0.13b	0.43±0.11a	0.99±0.14b		1.42±0.23b		0.48±0.04b	0.52±0.12a	51.2±5.7a
2019	1.07±0.08a	0.44±0.04a	1.18±0.19a		1.62±0.22a		0.63±0.06a	0.55±0.16a	45.2±8.7b
变异来源Source of variation
年份Year(Y)	**	NS	**		**		**	NS	**
方法Method(M)	**	**	**		**		*	**	**
年份×方法Y×M	*	**	**		NS		NS	NS	NS

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