Composition and Distribution of Wheat VRN Genes and Their Relationship with Vernalization in the Northern China Winter Wheat Region

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20193068

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to explore the relationship between the vernalization genes and winter-spring characteristics of wheat varieties in the Northern China Winter Wheat Region,271 wheat cultivars from the Northern China Winter Wheat Region were used as materials to detect the composition and distribution of four vernalization genes Vrn-A1,Vrn-B1,Vrn-D1 and Vrn-B3 by molecular markers.The heading date of these cultivars in the field was observed in Sanya,Hainan Province,and their winter-spring characteristics were investigated with the data recorded.The results showed that in this wheat region:among the four dominant alleles,Vrn-D1 (27.7%)had the highest distribution frequency in the tested cultivars and the distribution frequency decreased gradually from the South to the North;the distribution frequency of dominant Vrn-B1 alleles (3.0%)was very low in wheat materials in this wheat region;none of the test materials contained the dominant alleles Vrn-A1 and Vrn-B3;the most common vernalization gene allele combination was vrn-A1/vrn-B1/vrn-D1/vrn-B3.Further analysis of winterness-springness type of the test cultivars showed that some cultivars containing the dominant allele Vrn-D1 must be vernalized to blossom,while the wheat cultivars containing the dominant allele Vrn-B1 had a weak demand for vernalization.Among the four dominant vernalization genes,only the dominant alleles Vrn-D1 and Vrn-B1 were distributed in the tested cultivars in the Northern China Winter Wheat Region.The effect of Vrn-B1 on the vernalization development characteristics was stronger than that of Vrn-D1.

Key words: Common wheat, Vernalization gene, Winterness-springness type

ZHAO Jie, LIU Hongquan, ZHAO Yun, YANG Kai, FU Yongbin, GU Yuzhang, SUN Lijing, HU Mengyun, LI Hui, ZHANG Yingjun. Composition and Distribution of Wheat VRN Genes and Their Relationship with Vernalization in the Northern China Winter Wheat Region[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2022, 37(5): 62-67. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20193068.

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References 25

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位点 Locus	等位基因 Allele	引物名称 Primer name	引物序列(5'—3') Sequence(5'—3')	扩增产物/bp PCR product	退火温度/℃ Annealing temperature	参考文献 Reference
Vrn-A1	Vrn-A1a	VRN1AF	GAAAGGAAAAATTCTGCTCG	965+876	50.0	[20]
	Vrn-A1b			714
	vrn-A1、	VRN1-INT1R	GCAGGAAATCGAAATCGAAG	734
	Vrn-A1c
	Vrn-A1c	Intr1/A/F2	AGCCTCCACGGTTTGAAAGTAA	1 170	58.9	[21]
		Intr1/A/R3	AAGTAAGACAACACGAATGTGAGA
	vrn-A1	Intr1/C/F	GCACTCCTAACCCACTAACC	1 068	56.0	[21]
		Intr1/AB/R	TCATCCATCATCAAGGCAAA
Vrn-B1	Vrn-B1	Intr/B/F	CAAGTGGAACGGTTAGGACA	709	58.0	[21]
		Intr1/B/R3	CTCATGCCAAAAATTGAAGATGA
	vrn-B1	Intr/B/F	CAAGTGGAACGGTTAGGACA	1 149	56.4	[21]
		Intr1/B/R4	CAAATGAAAAGGAATGAGAGCA
Vrn-D1	Vrn-D1	Intr/D/F	GTTGTCTGCCTCATCAAATCC	1 671	61.0	[21]
		Intr1/D/R3	GGTCACTGGTGGTCTGTGC
	vrn-D1	Intr/D/F	GTTGTCTGCCTCATCAAATCC	997	61.0	[21]
		Intr1/D/R4	AAATGAAAAGGAACGAGAGCG
Vrn-B3	Vrn-B3	VRN4-B-INS-F	CATAATGCCAAGCCGGTGAGTAC	1 200	63.0	[9]
		VRN4-B-INS-R	ATGTCTGCCAATTAGCTAGC
	vrn-B3	VRN4-B-NOINS-F	ATGCTTTCGCTTGCCATCC	1 140	57.0	[9]
		VRN4-B-NOINS-R	CTATCCCTACCGGCCATTAG

位点 Locus	等位基因 Allele	引物名称 Primer name	引物序列(5'—3') Sequence(5'—3')	扩增产物/bp PCR product	退火温度/℃ Annealing temperature	参考文献 Reference
Vrn-A1	Vrn-A1a	VRN1AF	GAAAGGAAAAATTCTGCTCG	965+876	50.0	[20]
	Vrn-A1b			714
	vrn-A1、	VRN1-INT1R	GCAGGAAATCGAAATCGAAG	734
	Vrn-A1c
	Vrn-A1c	Intr1/A/F2	AGCCTCCACGGTTTGAAAGTAA	1 170	58.9	[21]
		Intr1/A/R3	AAGTAAGACAACACGAATGTGAGA
	vrn-A1	Intr1/C/F	GCACTCCTAACCCACTAACC	1 068	56.0	[21]
		Intr1/AB/R	TCATCCATCATCAAGGCAAA
Vrn-B1	Vrn-B1	Intr/B/F	CAAGTGGAACGGTTAGGACA	709	58.0	[21]
		Intr1/B/R3	CTCATGCCAAAAATTGAAGATGA
	vrn-B1	Intr/B/F	CAAGTGGAACGGTTAGGACA	1 149	56.4	[21]
		Intr1/B/R4	CAAATGAAAAGGAATGAGAGCA
Vrn-D1	Vrn-D1	Intr/D/F	GTTGTCTGCCTCATCAAATCC	1 671	61.0	[21]
		Intr1/D/R3	GGTCACTGGTGGTCTGTGC
	vrn-D1	Intr/D/F	GTTGTCTGCCTCATCAAATCC	997	61.0	[21]
		Intr1/D/R4	AAATGAAAAGGAACGAGAGCG
Vrn-B3	Vrn-B3	VRN4-B-INS-F	CATAATGCCAAGCCGGTGAGTAC	1 200	63.0	[9]
		VRN4-B-INS-R	ATGTCTGCCAATTAGCTAGC
	vrn-B3	VRN4-B-NOINS-F	ATGCTTTCGCTTGCCATCC	1 140	57.0	[9]
		VRN4-B-NOINS-R	CTATCCCTACCGGCCATTAG

省份 Province	Vrn-B1 品种数 Number of varieties	Vrn-B1 频率/% Frequency	Vrn-D1 品种数 Number of varieties	Vrn-D1 频率/% Frequency
北京 Beijing	0	0.0	1	7.1
天津 Tianjin	0	0.0	0	0.0
河北 Hebei	0	0.0	30	38.0
河南 Henan	3	4.2	22	31.0
山东 Shandong	2	3.5	6	10.5
山西 Shanxi	0	0.0	3	12.5
陕西 Shaanxi	3	20.0	5	33.3
甘肃 Gansu	0	0.0	0	0.0
江苏 Jiangsu	0	0.0	8	88.9
总计 Total	8	3.0	75	27.7

省份 Province	Vrn-B1 品种数 Number of varieties	Vrn-B1 频率/% Frequency	Vrn-D1 品种数 Number of varieties	Vrn-D1 频率/% Frequency
北京 Beijing	0	0.0	1	7.1
天津 Tianjin	0	0.0	0	0.0
河北 Hebei	0	0.0	30	38.0
河南 Henan	3	4.2	22	31.0
山东 Shandong	2	3.5	6	10.5
山西 Shanxi	0	0.0	3	12.5
陕西 Shaanxi	3	20.0	5	33.3
甘肃 Gansu	0	0.0	0	0.0
江苏 Jiangsu	0	0.0	8	88.9
总计 Total	8	3.0	75	27.7

显性等位基因 Dominant allele	春性品种数 Number of spring varieties	春性品种频率/% Frequency of spring varieties	弱春性品种数 Number of weak spring varieties	弱春性品种频率/% Frequency of weak spring varieties	弱冬性品种数 Number of weak winter varieties	弱冬性品种频率/% Frequency of weak winter varieties	半冬性品种数 Number of semi-winter varieties	半冬性品种频率/% Frequency of semi- winter varieties	冬性品种数 Number of winter varieties	冬性品种频率/% Frequency of winter varieties	总计 Total
Vrn-B1	3	37.5	2	25.0	0	0.0	3	37.5	0	0.0	8
Vrn-D1	6	8.0	7	9.3	1	1.3	53	70.7	8	10.7	75

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