Effects of Different Tillage Measures Maintaining Soil Moisture on Water Consumption Characteristics and Anniversary Water Utilization for Wheat and Maize

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.2017.03.016

Abstract

Abstract: To ascertain the mechanisms of anniversary water usage of wheat and maize under the measures of soil structure improvement and tillage measures for soil moisture conservation,a field experiment was conducted to determine the water consumption characteristics,photosynthetic characteristics and annual water use of wheat and maize.The treatments included conventional tillage,straw returning,super absorbent polymer (SAP),organic fertilizer,no-tillage,deep loosening and deep loosening plus straw mulching.The results showed that the soil water storage of deep loosening plus straw mulching treatment was the highest compared with other treatments in whole wheat growth period,while the water consumption of it was the lowest from sowing to re-greening stage.From re-greening to jointing stage,wheat water consumption of deep loosening plus straw mulching treatment was the highest,while it was the lowest from booting to heading.From jointing to booting stage,water consumption of SAP treatment was the highest,but from heading to filling stage,it was the lowest.From filling to harvest stage,the water consumption of straw returning and SAP treatments were significantly lower than that of conventional tillage.In the whole growth period of maize,water consumption of SAP and no-tillage treatments were lower than that of other treatments.Different measures could improve the photosynthetic characteristics and yield and water use of wheat and maize.Of all treatments,the yield and water production efficiency of wheat in no-tillage treatment was the highest,increased by 18.3% and 20.0% respectively,compared with conventional tillage treatment.While yield and water production efficiency of maize was the highest,increased by 21.6% and 23.8% respectively compared with the conventional tillage.The composite yield of wheat and maize of deep loosening treatment was the highest,followed by no-tillage treatment, increased by 14.9% and 14.3% respectively compared with conventional tillage treatment.While the total water production efficiency of deep tillage plus straw mulching and no-tillage treatments were higher than other treatments,increased by 18.5% and 18.1% respectively compared with the conventional tillage treatment.It was concluded that deep tillage and no-tillage were more conducive to increase of anniversary water utilization and yield of wheat and maize.

Key words: Soil structure improvement, Conservation tillage, Wheat, Maize, Water consumption characteristics, Anniversary water use

CLC Number:

S152.7

YANG Yonghui, WU Jicheng, ZHANG Jiemei, PAN Xiaoying, WANG Yue, HE Fang, HAN Weifeng. Effects of Different Tillage Measures Maintaining Soil Moisture on Water Consumption Characteristics and Anniversary Water Utilization for Wheat and Maize[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2017, 32(3): 103-110. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2017.03.016.

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