Detection of Genetic Diversity in Synthetic Hexaploid Wheats and Their Backcross-Derived Lines Using SSR Markers

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.2008.05.017

Abstract

Abstract: Synthetic hexaploid wheats(SHWs),obtained by crossing tetraploid wheats(AABB)with Aegilops tauschii Coss(DD),containing genetic variability in bread wheats(BWs,Triticum aestivum),and being novel sources of useful traits for broadening the diversity in breeding germplasm of BW,now have been widely used for genetic improvement of BWs.A total of 117 synthetic backcross-derived lines(SBLs)in which four commercial cultivars Chuanmai 38,Chuanmai 42,Chuanmai 43 and Chuanmai 47 were widely grown with their super high yield and excellent resistance to rust disease and good quality in Chengdu plain in China were from the crosses of four BC-F_2:6CIMMYT SHWs and 5 commercial cultivars of BW were used to access the extent of genetic diversity by a set of 37 genomic-derived microsatellite markers(SSRs)representing at least one marker from each chromosome of the genomes A,B and D.That the 37 SSR markers amplified 256 allelic fragments ranged widely from 1 to 14 with an average allelic variant number of 6.92 per locus across all genotypes showed SSR marker represents a higher genetic variation in the SBLs.In the genomes A,B and D,Polymorphic information content(PIC)in genome D was the lowest with 0.427 6,next was genome B with 0.534 6 and the highest was0.614 5 in genome A(A>B>D).The results of Simpson's index(SI)comparison also showed the same trends that genome A was the highest with 1.187 4,next was genome B with 1.081 and genome D was the lowest with 0.804 6(A>B>D).The average genetic similarity coefficient of 37 SSR marker loci in genomes A,B and D was 0.472 1,0.379 7 ingenome A,0.462 7 in genome B and 0.581 5 in genome D,respectively(A>B>D).All of which showed that the level of the genetic diversity of the synthetic backcross-derived lines from the synthetic hexaploid wheats and bread wheats was higher.Based on percentage difference,a cluster dendrogram analysis to reveal associations between lines,families or types by the unweighted paired group method with arithmetic averages(UPGMA)was presented calculated by the SSR-derived data and showed that genetic similarity coefficients were lower between the genotypes in genomes A,B and D.All of these indicated that SHWs and SBLs are a valuable resource for broadening the genetic base of elite wheat breeding germplasm.Fingerprinting of SBLs and their corresponding SHW and BW parents,and testing for selective advantage of SHWs alleles promises to be a useful method for detecting chromosomal regions and functional genes of interest for bread wheat improvement.

Key words: Synthetic hexaploid wheat, Co-ancestry, Genetic diversity, SSR marker

CLC Number:

S512.03

YANG Song-jie, QU Guo-sheng, YANG Wu-yun. Detection of Genetic Diversity in Synthetic Hexaploid Wheats and Their Backcross-Derived Lines Using SSR Markers[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2008, 23(5): 76-84. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2008.05.017.

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