粳稻直立穗型基因对稻米品质的影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.2015.01.033

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 选用直立穗型近等基因系作为材料,研究了粳稻直立穗型基因对米质性状的影响。结果表明,直立穗型基因对碾米品质和外观品质有负面影响,它使整精米率明显下降,垩白粒率和垩白度明显增加,外观品质变劣;但直立穗型基因对蒸煮食味品质有正面影响,虽然一定程度上降低了直链淀粉含量和胶稠度,但却显著增加了食味值;对营养品质的影响主要表现在显著降低了总蛋白和谷蛋白含量,增加了清蛋白、球蛋白和醇溶蛋白含量;对淀粉RVA谱特征值的影响不大,只是使冷胶黏度和消减值有所增加,峰值黏度、热浆黏度和崩解值变化不大。整精米率、直链淀粉含量、谷蛋白含量、总蛋白含量和淀粉冷胶黏度等米质指标在直立穗型内不同粒位间变异较大,而垩白粒率、垩白度、食味值、胶稠度和淀粉消减值等米质指标在弯曲穗型内不同粒位间变异较大。直立穗型品种着粒密度大和二次粒率高可能是近等系间某些米质指标相差较大的主要原因。

关键词: 粳稻, 直立穗型基因, 近等基因系, 稻米品质

Abstract: The near isogenic lines (NILs) with erect panicle type gene were used to study effects of the japonica erect panicle type gene on rice quality traits.Results showed that erect panicle type gene had negative effect on milling quality and appearance quality, it made the head rice percentage decrease obviously, chalky grain percentage, chalkiness degree increase significantly, appearance quality worse.But erect panicle type gene had a positive effect on cooking and eating quality.It made amylose content and gel consistence decrease to a certain extent, taste quality increase significantly.Effects of erect panicle type gene on the nutritional quality were mainly manifested in reducing significantly the content of total protein and glutelin, increasing the content of albumin, globulin and prolamin.Effects of erect panicle type gene on RVA profile characteristics values were not big, it only made cool paste viscosity and setback increase.Variations of quality indexes such as head rice percentage, amylose content, glutelin content, total protein content and cool paste viscosity was larger among different grain position within erect panicle cultivars.Variations of quality indexes such as chalky grain percentage, chalkiness degree, taste quality and gel consistence was larger among different grains within curved panicle cultivars.The main reason of the large difference in some rice qualitative indexes among NILs may be higher grain density and higher ratio of secondary branch grains and total grains.

Key words: Japonica rice, Erect panicle type gene, Near-isogenic lines, Rice quality

中图分类号:

S511.01

陈书强. 粳稻直立穗型基因对稻米品质的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2015, 30(1): 194-201. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2015.01.033.

CHEN Shu-qiang. Effects of Erect Panicle Type Gene of Japonica Rice on Rice Quality[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2015, 30(1): 194-201. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2015.01.033.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2015/V30/I1/194

参考文献

[1] 孔祥斗,张洪熙,刘晓静,等.江苏省粳稻品种经济性状的演变及高产育种的设想[J].江苏农业科学,1997(3):2-3,16.
[2] 徐正进,陈温福,张龙步,等.水稻不同穗型群体冠层光分布的比较研究[J].中国农业科学,1990,23(4):10-16.
[3] 徐正进,陈温福,周洪飞,等.直立穗型水稻群体生理生态特性及其利用前景[J].科学通报,1996,41(12):1122-1126.
[4] 徐正进,张树林,周淑清,等.水稻穗型与抗倒伏性关系的初步分析[J].植物生理学通讯,2004,40(5):561-563.
[5] 陈温福,徐正进,张龙步.水稻超高产育种生理基础[M].沈阳:辽宁科学技术出版社,1995:120-158.
[6] 徐正进,陈温福,张龙步,等.水稻直立穗性状的遗传与其它性状的关系[J].沈阳农业大学学报,1995,26(1):1-7.
[7] 张文忠.水稻直立穗型遗传及生理生态特性的研究[D].沈阳:沈阳农业大学,2001.
[8] Yan C J,Zhou J H,Yan S, et al. Identification and characterization of a major QTL responsible for erect panicle trait in japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.)[J].Theor Appl Genet,2007,115(8):1093-1100.
[9] 陈书强,王嘉宇,薛菁芳,等.粳稻直立穗型基因效应的研究[J].华北农学报,2010,25(6):74-80.
[10] Wang J Y,Tetsuya N,Chen S G, et al.Identification and characterization of the erect-pose panicle gene EP conferring high grain yield in rice (Oryza sativa L.)[J].Theor Appl Genet,2009,119:85-91.
[11] Huang X Z,Qian Q,Liu Z B,et al.Natural variation at the DEP1 locus enhances grain yield in rice[J].Nature Genetics,2009,41(4):494-497.
[12] Zhou Y,Zhu J Y,Li Z Y,et al.Deletion in a quantitative trait gene qPE9-1 associated with panicle erectness improves plant architecture during rice domestication[J].Genetics,2009,183(1):315-324.
[13] 吕文彦,曹萍,邵国军,等.辽宁省主要水稻品种品质性状研究[J].辽宁农业科学,1997(5):7-11.
[14] Liu Z H,Cheng F M,Cheng W D,et al.Positional variations in phytic acid and protein content within a panicle of japonica rice[J].Journal of Cereal Science,2005,41(3):297-303.
[15] 国家质量技术监督局中华人民共和国国家标准优质稻谷[S].GB/T17891-1999.
[16] 中国科学院上海植物生理研究所,上海市植物生理学会.现代植物生理学实验指南[M].北京:科学出版社,1999:261-262.
[17] Luthe D S.Storage protein accumulation in developing rice (Oryza sativa L.) seeds[J].Plant Science Letters,1983,32(1/2):147-158.
[18] Padhye V W,Salunkhe D K.Extraction and characterization of rice proteins[J].Cereal Chem,1979,56:389-393.
[19] 鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].3版.北京:中国农业出版社,2000:289-290.
[20] 金峰,陈书强,徐正进,等.直立与弯曲穗型水稻穗上不同部位籽粒碾磨品质的比较[J].中国水稻科学,2008,22(2):167-174.
[21] 王嘉宇,徐正进,张世春,等.水稻穗不同部位籽粒品质性状差异的比较[J].华北农学报,2008,23(1):96-100.
[22] 徐大勇,方兆伟,胡曙鋆,等.江苏省直立穗型粳稻品种主要农艺性状和品质性状分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2004,5(1):47-51.
[23] 左晓旭,鲍根良,王俊敏,等.密穗型和散穗型粳稻品种品质特性比较[J].植物遗传资源学报,2005,6(2):216-220.
[24] 徐大勇,方兆伟,王学红,等.不同穗型粳稻品种产量和品质性状的比较分析[J].植物遗传资源学报,2004,5(3):276-280.
[25] 于洪兰,王伯伦,王术,等.不同类型水稻品种的产量与食味品质的关系比较[J].作物杂志,2009(1):46-49.
[26] 党姝,王伯伦,张振宇,等.农艺性状及生理特性对不同株穗型水稻品种品质的影响[J].华中农业大学学报,2010,29(2):125-130.
[27] 徐正进,陈温福,张龙步,等.水稻直立穗性状评价与利用研究进展[J].沈阳农业大学学报,1995,26(4):335-341.
[28] Wang F,Chen S,Cheng F,et al.The differences in grain weight and quality within a rice (Oryza sativa L.) panicle as affected by panicle type and source-sink relation[J].Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science,2007,193(1):63-73.
[29] Wang F,Cheng F M,Zhang G P.The relationship between grain filling and hormone content as affected by genotype and source-sink relation[J].Plant Growth Regul,2006,49:1-8.
[30] Yang J C,Zhang J H,Wang Z Q,et al.Post-anthesis development of inferior and superior spikelets in rice in relation to abscisic acid and ethylene[J].J Exp Bot,2006,57:149-160.
[31] 姚海根,姚坚,汤美玲,等.近20年来浙江省晚粳稻和晚糯稻品种推广应用概况及今后育种方向[J].浙江农业科学,2000(4):3-7.
[32] 程旺大,张国平,姚海根,等.密穗型水稻品种的籽粒灌浆特性研究[J].作物学报,2003,29(6):841-846.
[33] 徐兴伟,尹长斌,吕文彦,等.不同穗型粳稻胚乳发育过程研究[J].河南农业科学,2008(5):33-37.
[34] 张文忠,徐正进,张龙步,等.水稻直立穗型遗传特性及其综合评价利用[J].辽宁农业科学,2002(5):24-27.

选择文件类型/文献管理软件名称

选择包含的内容