摘要： 为了培育具有抗病虫优良性状的棉花新品种，并对棉花多茸毛基因进行定位克隆，从棉花三元杂种后代中选育了绿叶无茸毛和绿叶多茸毛近等基因系。以该近等基因系为供试材料，测定了具有不同茸毛性状的棉株间光合速率、叶绿素含量、苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）活性以及单宁含量的变化，通过光合生理与相关生化指标测定相结合，初步探讨棉花不同茸毛性状近等基因系材料间生理生化特性的差异，为今后选育具有优良性状的棉花新品种提供依据。结果表明，无茸毛与多茸毛棉花近等基因系的叶绿素a、b及总量的动态变化趋势基本一致，蕾期较高，花期、铃期降低；净光合速率变化趋势一致，二者均呈先上升后下降再上升的趋势，在铃期达到了顶峰。因此，光合速率与叶绿素含量变化趋势在近等基因系材料间差异不明显。无茸毛和多茸毛棉花纤维和种皮单宁含量变化具有相同的趋势，均为先升高再降低，纤维中的PAL活性多茸毛棉株逐渐下降，无茸毛棉株下降后再升高，而种皮中PAL活性上升至最高值后保值不变。PAL活性与单宁含量在材料间差异较大，绿叶多茸毛棉株高于绿叶无茸毛棉株。表明PAL活性和单宁含量与茸毛性状存在一定的相关关系。

关键词: 近等基因系, 茸毛性状, 叶绿素含量, 苯丙氨酸解氨酶, 单宁

Abstract: To cultivate new cotton varieties with fine character against diseases and insect pests and locate and clone the trichome gene,near-isogenic cotton lines with smooth and trichome were bred. Photosynthetic rates,chlorophyll amounts,phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL) activities and tannin levels were studied to disclose the differences between physiological and biochemical chartacteristics on two different trichome near-isogenic cotton lines through the photosynthetic physiology combined with related biochemical index determination. The results showed that chlorophyll a,b and total amount dynamic change trend were consistent between two cotton near-isogenic lines with higher amount at bud stage and lower at flowering and boll stage. Net photosynthetic rate change trend (up-down-up) were also the same. Therefore photosynthetic rates and chlorophyll amounts had the same change trend and their differences were not obvious between the materials.Tannin contents between two lines in fiber and seed coat changed with the same trend-from high to low. Fiber PAL activities decreased in thichome but decreased and then rised in smooth. Testa PAL activities tised and then remained unchanged. PAL activities and tannin levels were evidently different with trichome cotton more than the smooth. It was speculated that PAL activities and tannin levels were associated with the trichome trait.

Key words: Near-isogenic line, Trichome trait, Chlorophyll amounts, Phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL), Tannin

中图分类号: 

• S562.01