摘要： 为了揭示甘蓝型油菜正反交后代两者间光合特性差异的规律,为进行油菜高光效育种提供依据,以19对不同基因型的甘蓝型油菜正交、反交组合及其亲本为试验材料,对正、反交组合间叶片的净光合速率值、叶绿素含量、杂种优势、亲子相关性等进行了比较,结果表明:正交组合的叶片净光合速率、叶绿素含量分别比对应反交组合高-8.93%～25.33%,-7.37%～8.70%,平均分别高2.34,1.26个百分点,分别有10,11个正交组合高于对应反交组合;19对组合中分别有10,11个正交组合的净光合速率、叶绿素含量的超标优势、中亲优势和超亲优势高于对应反交组合;正、反交组合叶片净光合速率、叶绿素含量均与母本、父本、中亲值、高亲值、低亲值呈极显著或显著正相关,且与高亲的相关性大于与低亲的相关性;母本对正交组合叶片净光合速率、叶绿素含量的直接作用(0.622和0.579)大于对反交组合的直接作用(0.463和0.325)。

关键词: 甘蓝型油菜, 正、反交杂交组合, 净光合速率, 叶绿素含量, 杂种优势, 比较

Abstract: In order to reveal the difference rules of photosynthetic traits between orthogonal and reciprocal combinations of Brassica napus and provide theoretical basis for high photosynthetic efficiency breeding of rapeseed,19 pairs of orthogonal and reciprocal combinations which had the different genotype and their parents were chosen as test materials to compare the net photosynthetic rate,chlorophyll content,heterosis and parent-offspring correlation.Results showed that:The net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content of orthogonal combinations were higher than that of reciprocal combinations with same genotype by -8.93%-25.33% and -7.37%-8.70% respectively and the average value was 2.34 and 1.26 percent,respectively.There were 10,11 orthogonal combinations of which were higher than reciprocal combinations;The over-stand heterosis,mid-parents heterosis and over-parent heterosis of net photosynthetic rate of 10 orthogonal combinations and chlorophyll content of 11 orthogonal combinations were higher than corresponding reciprocal combinations;The net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content of orthogonal and reciprocal combination hybrids F₁ all had significant or extremely significant positive correlation with their female parent,male parent,mid-parent value,high parent value and low parent value and the correlation with high parent was higher than that of low parent.The correlation of net photosynthetic rate,chlorophyll content between F₁ and their female parent were higher than that of male parent in orthogonal combinations and the result was opposite in reciprocal combinations;The direct active affection that female parent had on net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content of orthogonal combination hybrids F₁ which were 0.622 and 0.579 respectively were higher than that of orthogonal combination hybrids F₁ which were 0.463 and 0.325 respectively.The values of net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll content,mean of heterosis and appearance probability of strong superiority crosses in orthogonal combinations were higher than that in reciprocal combinations.

Key words: Basic napus, Orthogonal and reciprocal combinations, Net photosynthetic rate, Chlorophyll content, Heterosis, Comparison

中图分类号: 

• S635.01