不同供体及回交次数对玉米自交系配合力和杂种优势的改良效应

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20191611

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究不同供体及回交次数的改良效应，对玉米回交育种具有重要的指导意义。以玉米自交系K11和K62为轮回亲本，分别用3个自交系为供体亲本，通过回交0~5次并自交8~3次育成36个改良系，采用3×38不完全双列杂交模式，分析主要性状配合力效应和产量杂种优势表现。不同供体对不同性状配合力的改良效应差异较大，供体A3和B1对产量GCA、SCA和杂种优势的改良效果显著优于其他4个供体亲本；回交0~5次对产量GCA和SCA的改良效果差异不明显，回交0次和1次对产量杂种优势的改良效果较好。在回交育种实践中，选择适宜的供体亲本至关重要，回交次数不宜超过2次；A3-1和B1-1等10个改良系产量GCA效应值极显著高于相应轮回亲本，具有较好的高产育种潜力。

关键词: 玉米, 自交系, 回交, 配合力, 杂种优势

Abstract: Studying the improvements of different donors and different back-cross times plays an important role in maize back-cross breeding. 36 back-cross improved lines were obtained by backcrossing 0-5 times and selfing 8-3 times,using maize inbred lines K11 and K62 as recurrent parents and three inbred lines as donor parents respectively. The 3×38 incomplete two-row hybrid model was used to analyze the combining ability and heterosis performance of main traits in back-cross improved lines.Donors A3 and B1 performed better than the other 4 donor parents on improving GCA,SCA and heterosis of yield,indicating that different donors presented different effects on improving the combining ability of different traits;In terms of the back-cross time,the improvement of 0-5 back-crosses on the GCA and SCA of yield was not obvious,0 and 1 back-cross performed better on improving the heterosis of yield.Choosing an appropriate donor parent was of vital importance when using back-cross to improve the quality of maize inbred lines,and the back-cross time should not exceed twice in back-cross breeding process;The GCA of yield of 10 improved lines,such as A3-1 and B1-1,were significantly higher than corresponding recurrent parents,which presented excellent potential of high-yield breeding.

Key words: Mazie, Inbred line, Back-cross, Combining ability, Heterosis

中图分类号:

S513.03

赵长云, 石海春, 夏伟, 蔡林, 杨殊, 余学杰, 柯永培. 不同供体及回交次数对玉米自交系配合力和杂种优势的改良效应[J]. 华北农学报, 2020, 35(S1): 56-62. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20191611.

ZHAO Changyun, SHI Haichun, XIA Wei, CAI Lin, YANG Shu, YU Xuejie, KE Yongpei. Improvement Effects of Different Donor and Back-cross Times on Combining Ability and Heterosis of Inbred Lines in Maize[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2020, 35(S1): 56-62. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20191611.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2020/V35/IS1/56

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