EMS诱变抗旱小麦冀麦418的突变体筛选与鉴定

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20190802

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为获得研究小麦基因功能和遗传改良的特异遗传材料，利用甲基磺酸乙酯（Ethyl methane sulfonate，EMS）化学诱变剂处理抗旱、高产、广适小麦品种冀麦418。对M₂全生育期田间表型进行观察鉴定，从6 961个M₂穗系中筛选出416个突变体穗系，突变率为5.98%。其中，幼苗习性突变体11株，突变频率约为0.16%；分蘖突变体12株，突变频率为0.17%；叶部突变体34株，突变频率为0.48%；株高突变体68株，突变频率为0.97%；穗部突变体62株，突变频率为0.89%；雄性不育突变体132株，突变频率为1.90%；根部突变体15株，突变频率为0.26%；其他类型突变体82株。经过生物学性状和农艺性状验证，M₃得到遗传稳定的株系84个，其中，茎秆突变体43个，穗形突变体23个，叶片突变体7个，早熟突变体4个，晚熟突变体2个，芒型突变体2个，根部突变体2个，不育突变体1个。农艺性状分析表明，在构建的突变体库中变异类型丰富，株高、生育期和千粒质量突变频率比较高。这些新突变株系为研究小麦基因功能和遗传改良优异性状提供了新的材料。

关键词: 小麦, 冀麦418, 突变体, 筛选, 鉴定, 甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)

Abstract: To obtain specific genetic materials for the study of gene function and genetic improvement of wheat,ethyl methyl sulfonate (EMS) chemical mutagenesis was used to treat the drought-resistant,high-yield,and multi-resistant wheat variety Jimai 418. The field agronomic traits and biological characters were observed and investigated in the M₂. 416 mutant spike lines were selected from 6 961 spike lines,with a mutation frequency of 5.98%.Among them,11 lines were seedlings habit mutants,with a mutation frequency of 0.16%; 12 lines were tiller mutants,with a mutation frequency of 0.17%; 34 lines were leaf mutants,with a mutation frequency of 0.48%; there were 68 plant height mutants with a mutation frequency of 0.97%,62 spike mutants with a mutation frequency of 0.89%,and 132 sterility mutants with a mutation frequency of 1.90%,15 root mutants (0.26%) and 82 other types of mutants. Through the verification of biological and agronomic characters,84 lines with stable inheritance were obtained in M₃,including 43 stem mutants,23 spike mutants,7 leaf mutants,4 early-maturing mutants,2 late-maturing mutants,2 awn mutants,2 root mutants and 1 sterile mutant. The analysis of agronomic characters showed that the mutant library was rich in variation types,and the mutation frequencies of plant height,growth period and 1000-grain weight were relatively high. These new mutants provided new materials for the study of wheat functional genome and wheat genetic improvement.

Key words: Wheat, Jimai 418, Mutant, Selection, Identification, Ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS)

中图分类号:

S512.03

吕亮杰, 陈希勇, 张文英, 赵爱菊, 孙丽静, 张颖君, 刘玉平, 王莉梅, 李子千, 李辉. EMS诱变抗旱小麦冀麦418的突变体筛选与鉴定[J]. 华北农学报, 2020, 35(S1): 47-55. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20190802.

Lü Liangjie, CHEN Xiyong, ZHANG Wenying, ZHAO Aiju, SUN Lijing, ZHANG Yingjun, LIU Yuping, WANG Limei, LI Ziqian, LI Hui. Selection and Identification of the EMS-Induced Drought-resistant Wheat Mutants from Jimai 418[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2020, 35(S1): 47-55. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20190802.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2020/V35/IS1/47

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