摘要：

为了给姊妹系材料的有效利用提供理论指导,加速小麦安农1687品种的推广,为小麦新品种的遗传改良提供参考。以小麦安农1687及其姊妹系和双亲为材料,通过对小麦材料的田间农艺性状进行表型鉴定和利用55K芯片对小麦材料进行基因型鉴定相结合的方法,同时借助SPSS分析数据和RIdeogram包绘图发现双亲和部分姊妹系组合在穗长这一性状上存在极显著差异,亲本安农1106和西农822、姊妹系系Q6、系8和系105、系133在19条染色体上共存在909个差异SNP位点,5B染色体上包含500个,富集在5B染色体物理位置的63~87 Mb和400~410 Mb区间内。对区间内的候选基因进行克隆测序,发现编码生长素诱导蛋白的2个基因TraesCS5B01G225000和TraesCS5B01G058700的CDS区在双亲和姊妹系组合间分别存在着5个错义突变和2个错义突变,造成了氨基酸的改变,同时基因TraesCS5B01G225000的突变导致密码子变为终止密码子TGA,氨基酸合成终止。因此,推测这2个基因可能对于小麦穗长有着一定的影响。

关键词: 小麦, 穗长, 55K芯片, 姊妹系, 错义突变

Abstract:

This study aims to provide theoretical guidance for the effective use of sister line materials,accelerate the promotion of the wheat Annong 1687 variety,and offer a reference for the genetic improvement of new wheat varieties.Wheat Annong 1687 and its sister lines and parents was used as materials.We combined phenotypic identification of field agronomic traits with genotypic identification of wheat materials using 55K microarrays.The data was analysed using SPSS and mapped it with the RIdeogram package.Significant differences in spike length were found between parents and some sister line combinations.Specifically,parents Annong 1106 and Xinong 822,and sister lines Annong 1687 and Xinong 822,showed very significant differences.The parental lines Annong 1106 and Xinong 822,as well as the sister lines Q6,8 and 105,133,exhibited a total of 909 differential SNP sites across 19 chromosomes.Notably,chromosome 5B contained 500 of these sites,which were concentrated in intervals of 63—87 Mb and 400—410 Mb.Cloning and sequencing of candidate genes within the intervals revealed that two genes encoding growth hormone-inducible proteins,TraesCS5B01G225000 and TraesCS5B01G058700,had missense mutations resulting in amino acid changes.Mutations in TraesCS5B01G225000 resulted in a codon change to the termination codon TGA and termination of amino acid synthesis.The bi-parental and sister line combinations had five and two missense mutations,respectively.It is hypothesized that these two genes may have an effect on the length of wheat spikes.

Key words: Wheat, Spike length, 55K chip, Sister line, Missense mutation