华北农学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (5): 102-109. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195035

所属专题: 小麦 栽培生理

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇    下一篇

施硫时期对强筋小麦产量和生理特性的影响

刘志连1,2, 傅晓艺3, 王爽1, 马洁云2, 李东晓1, 李瑞奇1   

  1. 1 河北农业大学 农学院,河北 保定 071001
    2 石家庄市藁城区农业科学研究所,河北 石家庄 052160
    3 石家庄市农林科学研究院,河北 石家庄 050041
  • 收稿日期:2024-04-02 出版日期:2024-10-28
  • 通讯作者:
    李瑞奇(1971-),男,河北藁城人,教授,博士,主要从事小麦水肥高效高产栽培生态生理研究。
  • 作者简介:

    刘志连(1980-),女,河北丰润人,高级农艺师,博士,主要从事小麦育种及栽培推广研究。

  • 基金资助:
    国家小麦产业技术体系专项(CARS-03-51)

Effects of Sulfur Application Period on Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Strong-Gluten Wheat

LIU Zhilian1,2, FU Xiaoyi3, WANG Shuang1, MA Jieyun2, LI Dongxiao1, LI Ruiqi1   

  1. 1 College of Agronomy,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China
    2 Gaocheng Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Shijiazhuang 052160,China
    3 Shijiazhuang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050041,China
  • Received:2024-04-02 Published:2024-10-28

摘要:

为明确不同时期施硫对强筋小麦产量和光合特性的影响,确定强筋小麦适宜的硫肥施用时间,于2019-2021年2个小麦生长季,以强筋小麦藁优2018为试验材料,设置底施(S60-b)、拔节期追施(S60-j)、开花期追施(S60-a)3个施硫时期,施硫量为60 kg/hm2,以不施硫(CK)为对照,系统研究了不同施硫时期对强筋小麦叶面积指数(LAI)、旗叶叶绿素相对含量(SPAD)、可溶性蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量、产量及构成因素等方面的影响。结果表明,与CK相比,S60-b、S60-j和S60-a处理都能显著提高藁优2018的千粒质量、籽粒最大灌浆速率和产量;2个生长季,千粒质量平均增幅分别为6.23%,4.27%,7.04%,其中花后35 d千粒质量增幅最大,分别为5.51%,3.17%,6.12%。最大灌浆速率增幅分别为2.84%,1.76%,3.49%;单产平均增幅分别为9.20%,2.73%,5.71%。施硫对藁优2018的穗数和穗粒数影响不显著。不同时期施硫处理都会对强筋小麦光合、生理特性有显著影响。S60-b和S60-a处理显著提高了生育中后期叶面积指数、旗叶叶绿素相对含量、花后22 d和29 d旗叶可溶性蛋白含量、花后35 d旗叶可溶性糖含量,上述5个指标增幅分别达26.16%,7.38%,16.90%,55.29%,81.11%以上。综合2 a结果,底施和开花追施硫肥都能够显著提高生育中后期旗叶的LAI,并使旗叶维持较高SPAD值,延缓旗叶衰老,提高了旗叶可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量、千粒质量和灌浆末期的灌浆速率,表现出较高的产量。综上,施硫对强筋小麦的产量具有正向调控效应,底施和开花期追施均具有较好的调控效果。

关键词: 强筋小麦, 硫, 产量, 生理特性, 光合特性

Abstract:

To clarify the effects of sulfur application at different stages on the yield and photosynthetic characteristics of strong-gluten wheat,and to determine the appropriate time for sulfur fertilizer application,from 2019 to 2021 during two wheat growth seasons,using strong-gluten wheat Gaoyou 2018 as the experimental material,three sulfur application periods were set:before sowing (S60-b),topdressing at jointing stage (S60-j),and topdressing at anthesis stage (S60-a),with a sulfur application rate of 60 kg/ha,and no sulfur application (CK) as the control.The effects of leaf area index (LAI),relative chlorophyll content of flag leaf (SPAD),soluble protein content,soluble sugar content,yield and components of strong-gluten wheat under different sulfur application treatments were studied systematically.The results showed that compared to CK,S60-b,S60-j and S60-a could all significantly increase the thousand-grain weight (TGW),maximum grain filling rate and yield of Gaoyou 2018.In the two growing seasons,the average increase of TGW was 6.23%,4.27% and 7.04%,respectively;the increase of TGW was the highest at 35 days post anthesis,which was 5.51%,3.17%and 6.12%,respectively.The average increase of maximum grain filling rate was 2.84%,1.76% and 3.49% and the average increase in yield was 9.20%,2.73% and 5.71%,respectively.However,sulfur application had no significant effect on the number of ears and grains per unit area of Gaoyou 2018.Sulfur application at different stages had significant effects on the photosynthetic characteristics of strong-gluten wheat.The LAI,SPAD value of flag leaves in the middle and late stages of growth,the soluble protein content of flag leaves at 22 and 29 days post anthesis and soluble sugar content in flag leaves at 35 days post anthesis were significantly increased by S60-b and S60-a treatments.The five above indexes increased by more than 26.16%,7.38%,16.90%,55.29% and 81.11%,respectively.According to the results of two years,before sowing and topdressing at the anthesis stage with sulfur fertilizer could significantly increase the LAI of flag leaves in the middle and late growth stage,maintain high SPAD value,delay flag leaf senescence,increase the contents of soluble protein and soluble sugar,TGW and filling rate at the end of grain filling,showing higher yield.In summary,sulfur application have a positive regulatory effect on the yield of strong-gluten wheat,and before sowing and topdressing at the anthesis stage have a good regulatory effect.

Key words: Strong-gluten wheat, Sulfur, Yield, Physiological characteristics, Photosynthetic characteristics

引用本文

刘志连, 傅晓艺, 王爽, 马洁云, 李东晓, 李瑞奇. 施硫时期对强筋小麦产量和生理特性的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2024, 39(5): 102-109. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195035.

LIU Zhilian, FU Xiaoyi, WANG Shuang, MA Jieyun, LI Dongxiao, LI Ruiqi. Effects of Sulfur Application Period on Yield and Physiological Characteristics of Strong-Gluten Wheat[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2024, 39(5): 102-109. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195035.