外源蔗糖对甘蓝型油菜种子萌发与幼苗发育的影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20195149

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

萌发调控是促进甘蓝型油菜快速出苗、齐苗的重要基础,为探索外源蔗糖对甘蓝型油菜种子萌发与幼苗发育的影响,选用早熟油菜品种湘油420进行了不同条件下萌发试验,检测了水分、脱落酸、内源糖及关键基因的表达变化。结果表明: 外源蔗糖延缓湘油420种子萌发启动过程,提高萌发整齐度,在子叶展开后促进子叶转绿、真叶形成,抑制主根过度伸长同时促进侧根发育。外源蔗糖对湘油420种子萌发过程中水分吸收表现先抑制后促进,播种后3 h内抑制水分吸收,并在播种后6 h内解除吸水抑制;萌发过程中种子内ABA含量持续降低,外源蔗糖促进播种后3 h内ABA含量的下降;播种后15~18 h内可溶性总糖含量迅速降低,还原性糖含量在萌发初期随萌发进程增加,外源蔗糖对可溶性总糖含量变化无明显影响,但抑制播种后9 h还原糖的增加、促进播种15 h后还原糖含量增加;萌发过程中2个蔗糖磷酸合酶(BnaSPS)基因BnaC09g37470D和BnaA10g15120D相对表达量在胚根萌出阶段显著降低、子叶转绿后表达回升,外源蔗糖抑制胚根萌出前2个BnaSPS基因表达,在子叶转绿后显著诱导其中BnaC09g37470D基因表达。综上,研究初步揭示了外源蔗糖通过渗透性作用调节吸涨起始阶段水分吸收,通过糖代谢调节萌发阶段种子内源糖利用和幼苗发育初期糖类转化而延缓甘蓝型油菜种子萌发启动、促进吸涨后种子萌发进程而提高种子萌发整齐度、促进幼苗发育的多重作用。

关键词: 甘蓝型油菜, 种子萌发, 幼苗发育, 外源蔗糖, 基因表达

Abstract:

Germination control is an important basis for promoting rapid emergence and uniform seedlings of Brassica napus.In order to explore the effect of exogenous sucrose on B.napus seed germination and seedling development,it selected the early-maturing rapeseed variety-Xiangyou 420 to conduct germination tests under different conditions and detected the expression changes of moisture,abscisic acid,endogenous sugars and key genes.The results showed that exogenous sucrose delayed the germination initiation process of Xiangyou 420 seeds,improved the uniformity of germination,promoted the cotyledons to turn green and formed true leaves after the cotyledons expanded,inhibited the excessive elongation of the main root and promoted the development of lateral roots.Exogenous sugar first inhibited and then promoted water absorption during the germination process of Xiangyou 420 seeds.It inhibited water absorption within three hours after sowing and released the inhibition of water absorption within six hours after sowing.The ABA content in seeds continued to decrease during the germination process,and exogenous sucrose promoted the decrease in ABA content within three hours after sowing.The total soluble sugar content decreased rapidly within 15 to 18 hours after sowing,and the reducing sugar content increased with the germination process in the early stages of germination.Exogenous sucrose had no significant effect on the changes in total soluble sugar content but inhibited the increase in reducing sugar content within nine hours after sowing and promoted the increase in reducing sugar content 15 hours after sowing.During the germination process,the expression of two sucrose phosphate synthase (BnaSPS) genes decreased significantly during the radicle germination stage and then increased after the cotyledons turned green.Exogenous sucrose inhibited the expression of the two BnaSPS genes before radicle germination, and significantly induced,the expression of BnaC09g37470D gene after the cotyledons turned green.In summary,it preliminarily reveals that exogenous sucrose regulates water absorption at the initial stage of imbibition through osmotic effects,and delays the initiation of B.napus seed germination by regulating endogenous sugar utilization in seeds during the germination stage and sugar conversion in the early stages of seedling development through sugar metabolism,promotes the seed germination process after imbibition,improves the uniformity of seed germination,and promotes the development of seedlings.

Key words: Brassica napus L., Seed germination, Seedling development, Exogenous sucrose, Gene expression

冯韬, 陈勤勤, 杨佳, 谭晖, 尹明智, 胡燕. 外源蔗糖对甘蓝型油菜种子萌发与幼苗发育的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2024, 39(5): 110-116. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195149.

FENG Tao, CHEN Qinqin, YANG Jia, TAN Hui, YIN Mingzhi, HU Yan. Effects of Exogenous Sucrose on Seed Germination and Seedling Development of Brassica napus L.[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2024, 39(5): 110-116. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195149.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2024/V39/I5/110

图/表 9

表1 BnaSPS表达检测相关引物

Tab.1 Primers for BnaSPS gene expressing test

引物名称 Primer	序列(5'-3') Sequence (5'-3')	目标基因 Gene
BnaActin_F	AACCACCTACAACTCCATAA	BnaActin(BnaA04g04550D)
BnaActin_R	CCTCCAATCCAGACAGAATA	BnaActin(BnaA04g04550D)
BnaSPS_C9_F	CGACTGACTACTGCTACAC	BnaC09g37470D
BnaSPS_C9_R	CACGAACACCACCATCTT	BnaC09g37470D
BnaSPS_A10_F	TCAACTGACTACTGCTACAC	BnaA10g15120D
BnaSPS_A10_R	CACGAACACCACCATCTT	BnaA10g15120D

表2 湘油420萌发测试

Tab.2 Germination tests for Xiangyou 420

处理 Test	萌发率/% Germination rate	起始露白时间/h Seed initial germination time	全部露白时间/h Total seed germination time
T0	100	15.20±0.25b	25.20±0.35a
T1	100	18.30±0.21a	25.00±0.18a
T2	100	15.25±0.35b	26.30±0.51a
T3	100	16.20±0.22b	25.10±0.34a

图1 外源蔗糖对湘油420萌发与幼苗发育的影响

Fig.1 The effect of exogenous sucrose on the germination and seedling development of Xiangyou 420

图2 湘油420种子萌发过程中水分变化

Fig.2 Changes in water content of Xiangyou 420 seeds during germination

图3 湘油420种子萌发过程中ABA含量变化不同组别样品相同指标点间差异显著性以不同字母表示(P<0.05)。图4,6同。

Fig.3 Changes in ABA content of Xiangyou 420 seeds during germination The significant differences between samples in different groups are represented by different letters(P<0.05).The same as Fig.4,6.

图4 湘油420种子萌发过程中总糖与还原糖含量

Fig.4 Changes in total sugar and reducing sugar content of Xiangyou 420 seeds during germination

表3 甘蓝型油菜BnaSPS基因家族成员

Tab.3 BnaSPS gene family members in Brassica napus L.

基因ID Gene ID	染色体定位 Gene location	CDS长度/bp Length of CDS	分型 Type
BnaC09g37470D	C09	2 898	A
BnaA10g15120D	A10	2 898	A
BnaA02g04800D	A02	2 916	A
BnaA03g03230D	A03	3 117	A
BnaC03g04660D	C03	2 886	A
BnaC07g29460D	C07	2 901	A
BnaA06g27590D	A06	2 880	A
BnaA10g03060D	A10	3 192	B
BnaC05g02930D	C05	3 195	B
BnaC02g29300D	C02	1 419	C
BnaA02g23460D	A02	3 141	C

图5 甘蓝型油菜种子萌发过程中BnaSPS家族基因表达

Fig.5 BnaSPS family gene expression during seed germination of Brassica napus L.

图6 湘油420种子萌发过程中BnaSPS基因表达

Fig.6 BnaSPS gene expression during seed germination of Xiangyou 420

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