摘要： 玉米ZmAGP2基因编码ADP葡萄糖焦磷酸化酶大亚基，参与玉米淀粉的合成途径，从而影响玉米的产量和品质。由多基因控制的玉米的产量性状，具有非常复杂的遗传机理。拟通过基因序列变异分析充分挖掘优异等位变异，这些变异与产量性状密切相关，为玉米在分子水平上的育种提供理论基础。利用NimbleGen平台对103份供试自交系试验群体ZmAGP2基因进行目标序列捕获并测序。利用ClustalX 2.0、DnaSP 6.0等软件分析目的基因的核苷酸多态性，进行变异位点的单倍型分析和中性进化检验。对103份玉米自交系的ZmAGP2基因重测序，获得了4 111 bp的全长序列，经过核苷酸多态性分析，共检测到全长序列中112个变异位点，均为SNP，其中5'UTR区段的核苷酸多态性明显高于其他区段。基因的CDS区的多态性将ZmAGP2基因分为8个单倍型，编码5种不同的ZmAGP2蛋白。中性检验未检测到明显的人工选择的信号。玉米ZmAGP2基因表现出较高的变异，符合中性进化模型假设，未受到明显的人工选择作用，且蛋白序列发生改变，这表明该基因的序列变异引起了蛋白序列的改变，导致该基因功能可能发生了变化。

关键词: 玉米, ZmAGP2基因, 淀粉合成, 核苷酸多态性, 中性检验, 单倍型

Abstract: The ZmAGP2 gene encoding ADP large subunit of glucose pyrophosphory is involved in the synthesis of corn starch,thus affecting the yield and quality of corn. Maize yield traits are controlled by multiple genes,and its genetic mechanism is very complex. This study aims to fully explore the excellent allelic variation of genes closely related to yield traits through gene sequence variation analysis,which provides a theoretical basis for improving the molecular level of maize breeding. The ZmAGP2 genes sequences of 103 inbred test populations were captured and sequenced using NimbleGen platform. ClustalX 2.0,DnaSP 6.0 and other software were used to analyze the nucleotide polymorphism of the target gene,and the neutral evolution test and haplotype analysis of the mutation site were carried out. The full-length sequence of 4 111 bp was obtained by resequencing the ZmAGP2 genes of 103 maize inbred lines. After nucleotide polymorphism analysis,a total of 112 mutation sites in the full-length sequence were detected,all of which SNP,nucleotide polymorphisms in 5' UTR segments were significantly higher than those in other segments. Polymorphism in the CDS region of the gene drived the ZmAGP2 gene into eight haplotypes encoding five different ZmAGP2 proteins. Neutral test did not detect obvious manually selected signals. The ZmAGP2 gene showed high variation,which accorded with the neutral evolution model hypothesis,was not subject to obvious artificial selection,and the protein sequence changed,which indicated that the sequence variation of the gene causes the change of the protein sequence,which lead to the change of the function of the gene.

Key words: Maize, ZmAGP2 gene, Starch synthesis, Nucleotides polymorphism, Neutral test, Haplotype

中图分类号: 

• S513.03

• Q78