播期调控对寒地粳稻产量和品质的影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20191624

华北农学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (S1): 109-117. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20191624

所属专题： 水稻；

• 耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇下一篇

播期调控对寒地粳稻产量和品质的影响

刘猷红^1,2,4, 张俊⁵, 唐傲^1,2,4, 刘凯^2,3, 张喜娟^1,2,4, 董文军^1,2,4, 李柱刚^1,2,4, 孟英^1,2,4, 来永才^2,3

1. 黑龙江省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所, 黑龙江哈尔滨 150086;
2. 国家耐盐碱水稻技术创新中心东北分中心, 黑龙江哈尔滨 150086;
3. 黑龙江省农业科学院, 黑龙江哈尔滨 150086;
4. 黑龙江省作物分子设计与种质创新重点实验室, 黑龙江哈尔滨 150086;
5. 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所, 北京 100081

收稿日期:2020-08-06 出版日期:2020-12-28
通讯作者: 孟英(1970-),女,山东兖州人,研究员,博士,主要从事作物栽培学与耕作学研究;来永才(1964-),男,黑龙江哈尔滨人,研究员,博士,博士生导师,主要从事作物栽培学与耕作学研究。
作者简介:刘猷红(1985-),男,江西赣州人,助理研究员,博士,主要从事优质丰产水稻遗传育种及配套栽培技术研究。
基金资助:
科技部“十三五”国家重点研发计划课题（2016YFD0300501）；国家自然科学基金项目（31701503）；黑龙江省国家科技重大专项和重点研发项目（课题）（GX18B002）；黑龙江省农业科学院院级课题（2019KYJL005）；黑龙江省农业科学院“农业科技创新跨越工程”专项（HNK2019CX02；HNK2019CX12；HNK2019CX13）

Effect of Regulating Sowing Date on Rice Yield and Quality of Japonica Rice in Cold Regions

LIU Youhong^1,2,4, ZHANG Jun⁵, TANG Ao^1,2,4, LIU Kai^2,3, ZHANG Xijuan^1,2,4, DONG Wenjun^1,2,4, LI Zhugang^1,2,4, MENG Ying^1,2,4, LAI Yongcai^2,3

1. Institute of Crop Cultivation and Tillage, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China;
2. Northeast Sub Center of National Salt and Alkali Resistant Rice Technology Innovation Center, Harbin 150086, China;
3. Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China;
4. Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Design and Germplasm Innovation, Harbin 150086, China;
5. Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

Received:2020-08-06 Published:2020-12-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究寒地稻区粳稻品种的温光响应特征以及选择合理播期实现寒地粳稻优质高产的可行性，以6份寒地主栽粳稻品种为供试材料，设置4个播期，研究播期调控对寒地粳稻品种的生育期、产量、品质及温光利用的影响。结果表明，随着播期的推迟，供试品种的全生育期天数缩短，主要体现在出苗期-齐穗期天数的缩短，这与出苗期-齐穗期日均温升高，日均光照时数减少有关。晚熟粳稻品种产量随着播期的推迟逐渐降低，中早熟粳稻品种呈先上升后降低的趋势，相关分析表明，晚熟粳稻品种产量与千粒质量的相关系数为0.86～0.93，中早熟粳稻品种产量与有效穗数相关系数为0.88～0.99，这是粳稻产量降低的主要原因之一。随着播期的推迟，寒地粳稻品种的加工品质均变劣，外观品质变化趋势不同，直链淀粉含量呈升高趋势，蛋白质含量呈降低趋势，食味值则呈先升高后降低趋势。综上所述，晚熟粳稻品种适当早播有利于优质高产，中早熟品种早播和晚播均不利于优质高产，适宜播期的选择对产量和品质提高有关键作用。

关键词: 粳稻, 播期调控, 生育期, 温光利用, 产量, 品质

Abstract: In order to explore the temperature and light response mechanism of japonica rice and whether the japonica rice high yield and quality can be achieved synchronously by selecting reasonable sowing dates in cold regions. Using four seeding dates,6 varieties of different japonica rice were used as materials to investigate the effects of seeding date on growth stage, yield,quality and utilization of temperature and sunshine.The results showed that the growth duration of japonica rice reduced with the delay of sowing date and mainly reflected in the reduction of the growth days in the stage of seedling-heading which was related to the increase of the average daily temperature and the decrease of the average daily light hours.The yield of later-maturing japonica rice decreased,meanwhile, the medium-maturing varieties and early-maturing varieties increased first and then decreased with the delay of sowing date.The correlation analysis indicated that the correlation coefficient of later-maturing japonica yield with 1000-grain weight was 0.86~0.93.The correlation coefficient of the medium-maturing and early-maturing japonica yield with panicles was 0. 88~0. 99,which was one of the main reasons for the decline of japonica rice yield. The trend of appearance quality changes was inconsistent,but the processing quality got worse,the amylose content increased,while the protein content decreased,the taste value increased first and then decreased with the delay of sowing date in different japonica rice. In conclusion,early sowing of later-maturing japonica rice is beneficial to achieve the high quality and yield,while early sowing or late sowing of the medium-maturing and early-maturing japonica rice are not conducive to high-quality japonica rice production.The suitable sowing date varies for different varieties.

Key words: Japonica rice, Regulations of sowing date, Growth duration, Utilization of temperature and sunshine, Yield, Quality

中图分类号:

S511.01

刘猷红, 张俊, 唐傲, 刘凯, 张喜娟, 董文军, 李柱刚, 孟英, 来永才. 播期调控对寒地粳稻产量和品质的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2020, 35(S1): 109-117. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20191624.

LIU Youhong, ZHANG Jun, TANG Ao, LIU Kai, ZHANG Xijuan, DONG Wenjun, LI Zhugang, MENG Ying, LAI Yongcai. Effect of Regulating Sowing Date on Rice Yield and Quality of Japonica Rice in Cold Regions[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2020, 35(S1): 109-117. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20191624.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2020/V35/IS1/109

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播期调控对寒地粳稻产量和品质的影响

Effect of Regulating Sowing Date on Rice Yield and Quality of Japonica Rice in Cold Regions

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