Analysis of Dry Matter Accumulation and Remobilization,and Yield Formation in Different Varieties (Lines) of Colored-grain Wheat

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20194246

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to clarify the main agronomic traits and their relationships with grain yield of different colored-grain wheat varieties(lines),and select colored-grain wheat varieties suitable for cultivation in Eastern Shandong.The experiment was carried out during 2020-2022 winter wheat growing seasons.Four purple-grain wheat varieties (lines)Qingyan No.1 purple wheat (QYZ-1),QYZ-2,Shannong No.1 purple wheat (SNZM1),and Nongda 3753 (ND3753),two blue-grain wheat lines 20064 and 20072,and one common white grain wheat variety Jimai 22 (JM22,control variety) were selected as test materials,to systematically study the differences in flag leaf SPAD,leaf area index,dry matter accumulation and remobilization,grain yield and its component factors,stability of agronomic traits and yield sustainability of different colored-grain wheat varieties (lines).The results showed that grain yield,thousand grains weight,leaf area index at anthesis,SPAD value after anthesis,dry matter accumulation at anthesis,dry matter accumulation at maturity,dry matter accumulation at post-anthesis and harvest index of each colored-grain wheat varieties (lines) were lower than those of common white grain wheat (Jimai 22).Compared among the various colored-grain wheat varieties (lines),the purple-grain wheat QYZ-1 grain yield was significantly higher than that of other colored-grain wheat varieties (lines),and the grains per unit area number was not significantly different from that of QYZ-2,but its thousand grains weight was significantly higher than that of QYZ-2.The upper three leaves area index of the purple-grain wheat QYZ-1 was significantly higher than that of the blue wheat lines and ND3753 at the anthesis stage.The flag leaf SPAD,the dry matter accumulation at maturity and post-anthesis,the dry matter remobilization before anthesis,and the harvest index were higher than those of other colored-grain wheat varieties (lines);compared with other varieties (lines),the coefficient of variation (CV) of agronomic traits of JM22 and QYZ-1 were lower.Compared with colored-grain wheat,the mean yield and yield sustainability index (SYI) of QYZ-1 were higher.In addition,the correlation analysis showed that the grain yield was positive significantly correlated with the dry matter accumulation at anthesis,the dry matter accumulation at maturity and post-anthesis,the dry matter remobilization before anthesis,the harvest index,flag leaf SPAD value at 28 days after anthesis,whole green leaves area index at anthesis and thousand grains weight,respectively.Based on the results of the two years' study,QYZ-1 obtained the appropriate leaf area index,maintained the higher flag leaf SPAD after anthesis,and the longer duration of anthesis to maturity stage,delayed the leaf senescence during the late grain filling stage,and synergistically increased the post-anthesis dry matter accumulation and the dry matter remobilization before anthesis,dry matter accumulation at maturity and harvest index,and grain number per unit area and thousand grains weight,and then achieved higher grain yield.In summary,Qingyan No.1 purple wheat,as a colored-grain wheat variety,has a stable yield and good sustainability,making it suitable for planting in Eastern Shandong region.

Key words: Colored-grain wheat, Dry matter accumulation, Grain number per unit area, Thousand grains weight, Yield

ZHU Zixin, ZHANG Yulu, JIA Jing, LI Wenlu, ZHAO Ludi, MENG Fangang, GE Hongmei, XU Xuexin, ZHAO Changxing. Analysis of Dry Matter Accumulation and Remobilization,and Yield Formation in Different Varieties (Lines) of Colored-grain Wheat[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2023, 38(5): 128-138. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20194246.

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References 38

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生长季 Growing season	有机质/(g/kg) Organic matter	土壤pH Soil pH	全氮/(g/kg) Total N	速效磷/(mg/kg) Available P	速效钾/(mg/kg) Available K
2020-2021	14.13±0.32	5.49±0.09	1.29±0.12	60.14±0.96	96.62±8.51
2021-2022	14.95±0.91	5.77±0.14	1.13±0.08	64.75±1.10	111.63±9.83

生长季 Growing season	有机质/(g/kg) Organic matter	土壤pH Soil pH	全氮/(g/kg) Total N	速效磷/(mg/kg) Available P	速效钾/(mg/kg) Available K
2020-2021	14.13±0.32	5.49±0.09	1.29±0.12	60.14±0.96	96.62±8.51
2021-2022	14.95±0.91	5.77±0.14	1.13±0.08	64.75±1.10	111.63±9.83

品种(系) Varieties(lines)	天数(2020-2021) Days			天数(2021-2022)Days
品种(系) Varieties(lines)	GS0-GS61	GS61-GS100	GS0-GS100	GS0-GS61	GS61-GS100	GS0-GS100
QYZ-1	202±0.00c	35±0.00ab	237±0.00c	197±1.41c	35±0.82b	232±1.41b
QYZ-2	203±0.82c	35±0.82ab	238±1.63bc	199±0.82bc	35±0.00b	234±0.82ab
SNZM1	205±1.41b	34±0.00b	239±1.41abc	200±0.00b	34±0.00c	234±0.00ab
ND3753	205±0.00b	34±0.00b	239±0.00abc	200±0.82b	34±0.00c	234±0.82ab
20072	208±0.82a	32±0.82c	240±1.63ab	203±1.63a	32±0.82d	235±1.63a
20064	209±0.00a	31±0.00c	240±0.00ab	203±0.82a	32±0.00d	235±0.82a
JM22	205±0.82b	36±0.00a	241±0.82a	200±0.00b	36±0.00a	236±0.00a

品种(系) Varieties(lines)	天数(2020-2021) Days			天数(2021-2022)Days
品种(系) Varieties(lines)	GS0-GS61	GS61-GS100	GS0-GS100	GS0-GS61	GS61-GS100	GS0-GS100
QYZ-1	202±0.00c	35±0.00ab	237±0.00c	197±1.41c	35±0.82b	232±1.41b
QYZ-2	203±0.82c	35±0.82ab	238±1.63bc	199±0.82bc	35±0.00b	234±0.82ab
SNZM1	205±1.41b	34±0.00b	239±1.41abc	200±0.00b	34±0.00c	234±0.00ab
ND3753	205±0.00b	34±0.00b	239±0.00abc	200±0.82b	34±0.00c	234±0.82ab
20072	208±0.82a	32±0.82c	240±1.63ab	203±1.63a	32±0.82d	235±1.63a
20064	209±0.00a	31±0.00c	240±0.00ab	203±0.82a	32±0.00d	235±0.82a
JM22	205±0.82b	36±0.00a	241±0.82a	200±0.00b	36±0.00a	236±0.00a

年份 Year	品种(系) Varieties (lines)	穗数/(×10⁴/hm²) Spike number	穗粒数 Grain number per spike	千粒质量/g Thousand grains weight	单位面积粒数/ (×10³/m²) Grain number per square meter	产量/(kg/hm²) Yield
2020-2021	QYZ-1	653.44±4.58ab	37.66±0.41b	38.23±0.16c	24.61±0.21a	7 914.54±52.96b
	QYZ-2	638.45±13.32bc	39.33±0.65a	36.24±0.60d	25.11±0.26a	7 664.48±177.21c
	SNZM1	559.97±10.02e	39.37±0.60a	38.88±0.06c	22.05±0.22c	7 194.04±55.07d
	ND3753	622.58±21.55cd	31.83±1.53d	40.31±0.55b	19.80±0.30e	6 699.50±102.58e
	20072	606.70±8.50d	34.83±0.63c	36.20±0.21d	21.13±0.15d	6 416.03±70.59f
	20064	554.67±19.86e	32.58±0.33d	36.16±0.44d	18.08±0.83f	5 484.04±198.24g
	JM22	669.31±2.65a	34.42±0.10c	44.79±0.36a	23.04±0.10b	8 769.51±9.64a
2021-2022	QYZ-1	672.75±19.82ab	38.04±0.61ab	40.20±0.45bc	25.59±0.35b	8587.29±210.09b
	QYZ-2	697.65±37.32a	38.42±1.19ab	35.10±0.40e	26.78±0.70a	7845.09±115.54c
	SNZM1	697.65±37.32a	38.42±1.19ab	35.10±0.40e	26.78±0.70a	7845.09±115.54c
	ND3753	689.47±27.27ab	31.38±1.42e	41.11±0.71b	21.56±0.32d	7399.13±62.65d
	20072	641.39±5.34bc	36.41±1.13bc	36.72±0.71d	23.36±0.81c	7157.10±113.12d
	20064	615.93±5.08c	33.80±0.09d	36.46±0.10d	20.82±0.22d	6336.06±58.83e
	JM22	691.33±5.91ab	34.76±0.14cd	46.28±0.59a	24.03±0.16c	9283.76±177.24a
显著性检验	品种V	23.00^**	58.45^**	319.09^**	160.47^**	311.25^**
Significance test	年份Y	41.84^*	1.53NS	21.22^**	153.50^**	195.72^**
	V×Y	1.29^NS	1.22^NS	6.59^**	3.06^*	3.54^*

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