Effects of Nitrogen Reduction and Densification on Grain Yield and Dry Matter Production of Hybrid Waxy Sorghum

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20193370

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to elucidate the effect of decreasing nitrogen rate and increasing planting density on photosynthesis,dry matter accumulation and transportation characteristics and yield of sorghum,a field experiment was conducted using the waxy sorghum hybrid Jinyunuo 3 as experimental material in 2017-2018.Four treatments of normal nitrogen application with normal planting density(CK),normal nitrogen application with dense planting density(T1),reducing nitrogen application with normal planting density(T2),and reducing nitrogen application with dense planting density(T3)were set to investigate the chlorophyll content(SPAD)and leaf area index(LAI)at heading stage,dry matter accumulation and transport characteristics,yield and yield components of sorghum. The results showed that,compared with CK,the SPAD of the top three leaves at heading stage and LAI were decreased by reducing nitrogen application,while the SPAD was decreased by dense planting,but LAI was increased significantly.The dry matter accumulation of sorghum population increased with the development of growth process and increased rapidly after jointing stage and reached the maximum in maturity stage.Reducing nitrogen application improved dry matter translocation efficiency of leaf and stem+sheath before anthesis and contribution to grain,but decreased dry matter accumulation of population,dry matter accumulation after anthesis and its contribution to grain.Increasing density significantly boosted dry matter accumulation of population,dry matter translocation of leaf and stem+sheath before anthesis,as well as their transportation efficiency and contribution to grain,but reduced the contribution of dry matter to grain after anthesis. The ear weight and 1000-grain weight were reduced by dense planting,but the yield increased significantly. The ear weight and 1000-grain weight were decreased by reducing nitrogen application,but the yield of normal density decreased while that of densification increased significantly. Compared with CK,the 2-year average yield of T1 and T3 treatments were significantly higher by 8.43% and 7.92% respectively,and there was no significant difference between the two treatments. In conclusion,the planting mode of Jinyunuo 3 in Chongqing was reducing nitrogen application with dense planting,that was,applying nitrogen 150 kg/ha and density 12.75×10⁸ plants/ha. It was beneficial to realize high yield,high efficiency and nitrogen saving cultivation of sorghum.

Key words: Waxy sorghum, Nitrogen reduction and densification, Yield, Dry matter

HUANG Juan, ZHOU Yu, ZHANG Yaqin, LI Zebi, WU Yu, XI Jiang. Effects of Nitrogen Reduction and Densification on Grain Yield and Dry Matter Production of Hybrid Waxy Sorghum[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2022, 37(S1): 154-160. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20193370.

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References 37

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处理 Treatment		叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll content (SPAD value)	叶面积指数 Leaf area index (LAI)
2017	CK	53.34±0.58a	5.57±0.17b
	T1	52.38±0.12ab	6.23±0.07a
	T2	51.77±0.74b	5.42±0.13b
	T3	49.04±0.48c	6.14±0.12a
F值 F-value		36.47^**	30.64^**
2018	CK	51.17±0.82a	5.34±0.12b
	T1	49.16±0.76b	6.03±0.09a
	T2	48.51±0.68b	5.20±0.15b
	T3	47.02±0.76c	5.96±0.11a
F值 F-value		15.54^**	39.01^**

处理 Treatment		叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll content (SPAD value)	叶面积指数 Leaf area index (LAI)
2017	CK	53.34±0.58a	5.57±0.17b
	T1	52.38±0.12ab	6.23±0.07a
	T2	51.77±0.74b	5.42±0.13b
	T3	49.04±0.48c	6.14±0.12a
F值 F-value		36.47^**	30.64^**
2018	CK	51.17±0.82a	5.34±0.12b
	T1	49.16±0.76b	6.03±0.09a
	T2	48.51±0.68b	5.20±0.15b
	T3	47.02±0.76c	5.96±0.11a
F值 F-value		15.54^**	39.01^**

处理 Treatment		叶片 Leaf			茎鞘Stem+sheath
处理 Treatment		干物质转运量/ (kg/hm²) Dry matter transportation	干物质转运率/% Dry matter transport efficiency	对籽粒的贡献率/% Contribution rate of dry matter trans- portation to grain	干物质转运量/ (kg/hm²) Dry matter transportation	干物质转运率/% Dry matter transport efficiency	对籽粒的贡献率/% Contribution rate of dry matter transportation to grain
2017	CK	588.00±55.65b	17.26±0.93b	9.94±0.48b	1 448.99±60.90b	19.79±0.48b	24.54±0.11c
	T1	752.25±51.00a	19.57±1.82ab	10.89±1.17ab	1 899.74±28.05a	22.21±0.71a	27.46±1.49b
	T2	514.50±25.20b	17.69±0.09b	9.76±0.17b	1 354.49±18.90c	19.76±0.51b	25.74±1.16bc
	T3	739.50±47.17a	21.78±2.19a	11.56±0.99a	1 937.99±43.35a	23.03±0.28a	29.67±0.04a
F值 F-value		19.00^**	5.66^**	3.29	161.98^**	31.50^**	16.64^**
2018	CK	552.30±27.30b	17.69±1.46c	9.79±0.67b	1 402.79±91.35b	20.57±0.86c	24.84±1.15c
	T1	767.55±25.50a	22.10±1.52ab	11.81±0.74a	1 869.14±99.45a	23.35±0.44b	28.70±0.67b
	T2	538.65±6.30b	21.02±1.29b	10.57±0.30b	1 288.34±2.10b	20.91±0.31c	25.27±0.37c
	T3	743.32±25.50a	24.22±1.51a	12.03±0.72a	1 903.57±40.80a	25.21±0.86a	30.81±1.45a
F值 F-value		85.30^**	10.61^**	8.32^**	60.21^**	32.75^**	24.28^**

处理 Treatment		叶片 Leaf			茎鞘Stem+sheath
处理 Treatment		干物质转运量/ (kg/hm²) Dry matter transportation	干物质转运率/% Dry matter transport efficiency	对籽粒的贡献率/% Contribution rate of dry matter trans- portation to grain	干物质转运量/ (kg/hm²) Dry matter transportation	干物质转运率/% Dry matter transport efficiency	对籽粒的贡献率/% Contribution rate of dry matter transportation to grain
2017	CK	588.00±55.65b	17.26±0.93b	9.94±0.48b	1 448.99±60.90b	19.79±0.48b	24.54±0.11c
	T1	752.25±51.00a	19.57±1.82ab	10.89±1.17ab	1 899.74±28.05a	22.21±0.71a	27.46±1.49b
	T2	514.50±25.20b	17.69±0.09b	9.76±0.17b	1 354.49±18.90c	19.76±0.51b	25.74±1.16bc
	T3	739.50±47.17a	21.78±2.19a	11.56±0.99a	1 937.99±43.35a	23.03±0.28a	29.67±0.04a
F值 F-value		19.00^**	5.66^**	3.29	161.98^**	31.50^**	16.64^**
2018	CK	552.30±27.30b	17.69±1.46c	9.79±0.67b	1 402.79±91.35b	20.57±0.86c	24.84±1.15c
	T1	767.55±25.50a	22.10±1.52ab	11.81±0.74a	1 869.14±99.45a	23.35±0.44b	28.70±0.67b
	T2	538.65±6.30b	21.02±1.29b	10.57±0.30b	1 288.34±2.10b	20.91±0.31c	25.27±0.37c
	T3	743.32±25.50a	24.22±1.51a	12.03±0.72a	1 903.57±40.80a	25.21±0.86a	30.81±1.45a
F值 F-value		85.30^**	10.61^**	8.32^**	60.21^**	32.75^**	24.28^**

处理 Treatment		干物质积累量/ (kg/hm²) Dry matter accumulation	对籽粒的贡献率/% Contribution rate of dry matter accumulation to grain
2017	CK	3 869.23±158.55ab	65.52±0.37a
	T1	4 276.33±351.90a	61.65±2.65b
	T2	3 398.83±155.55c	64.50±0.99a
	T3	3 763.78±141.52bc	58.77±0.95c
F值 F-value		8.06^**	12.25^**
2018	CK	3 688.63±43.05ab	65.36±0.48a
	T1	3 872.16±119.85a	59.49±0.07b
	T2	3 272.83±87.15c	64.17±0.67a
	T3	3 536.83±225.68b	57.16±2.18c
F值 F-value		10.32^**	33.19^**

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