Effects of Different Field Water Capacity on Root System Characteristics and Yield of Potato under Drip Irrigation with Plastic Mulch

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20193047

Abstract

Abstract:

To investigate the effect of different field water capacity on potato root growth and improve potato yield in the Northwest. The potato variety Hermes was grown in the field under a rain shelter and film mulching with drip irrigation under six field water capacity gradient treatments(85%-95%,75%-85%,65%-75%,55%-65%,45%-55% and non-irrigation)in 2018 to investigate the effects of different field water capacity on root system characteristics,tuber yield and relevance. The results showed that the root distribution gradually deepened as the field water holding capacity decreased,and when the field water holding capacity was greater than 45%,the roots were mainly distributed at 0-10 cm of the monopoly surface;when the field water holding capacity was less than 45%,the roots were mainly distributed at 20-40 cm of the monopoly side. Tuber yield and large potato rate were higher under the field water capacity of 65%-95% than that under other treatment,and the compensation effect was significant(P<0.05). Among them,the field water capacity of 75%-85% treatment had the highest yield,with an average yield of 884.06 g/plant,which was 257.61% higher than the T6 treatment. Correlation analysis revealed that field water capacity was significantly(P<0.05)positively correlated with top root length,root surface area,large potato rate and tuber yield,and top root length and surface area were significantly(P<0.05)positively correlated with potato tuber yield. In summary,field water capacity greater than 65% significantly increased root length,root surface area and yield on the monopoly surface,with the highest yields achieved under the 75%-85% water capacity treatment.

Key words: Potato, Drip irrigation with plastic mulch, Root system characteristics, Yield

LI Zhitao, MA Wenjing, ZHU Jinyong, SHI Tianbin, LI Hongyang, CHEN Limin, ZHANG Junlian, LIU Yuhui, LIU Zhen. Effects of Different Field Water Capacity on Root System Characteristics and Yield of Potato under Drip Irrigation with Plastic Mulch[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2022, 37(S1): 161-171. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20193047.

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Figures/Tables 9

Tab.1 Times and amounts of drip irrigation during potato growth period under different water treatments

处理 Treatment	滴灌次数 Times of drip irrigation	总滴灌量/mm Total amounts of drip irrigation
T1	17	553.20
T2	17	413.46
T3	16	249.75
T4	11	109.35
T5	10	73.95
T6	2	30.24

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of root sampling A.The horizontal schematic;B.The vertical schematic.

Fig.2 Effect of different water treatments on root length of potato Different lowercase letters on the bar graph indicate significant differences between treatments(P<0.05).The same as Fig.3-5.

Fig.3 Effect of different water treatments on root surface area of potato

Fig.4 Effect of different water treatments on the mean root diameter of potato

Fig.5 Effect of different water treatments on root volume of potato

Tab.2 Effect of different water treatments on yield and its components of potato

处理 Treatment	单株产量/g Yield of per plant	大薯率/% Large tuber rate	中薯率/% Medium tuber rate	小薯率/% Small tuber rate
T1	821.70±68.17a	50.91±1.33a	42.47±1.63b	6.62±0.71a
T2	884.06±47.61a	48.46±4.62a	42.34±3.45b	9.20±1.29a
T3	654.34±30.62b	51.67±4.44a	38.10±3.86b	10.23±0.62a
T4	370.32±13.12c	16.14±2.98b	68.67±2.82a	15.20±5.48a
T5	326.00±31.12c	21.95±2.50b	62.27±2.43a	15.78±2.25a
T6	247.22±32.71c	15.19±7.91b	69.32±5.77a	15.49±2.79a

Fig.6 Correlation between root characteristics and yield of different parts under different water treatments ^*. Significant correlation(P<0.05);^**. Highly significant correlation(P<0.01).The same as Fig.7.

Fig. 7 Correlation between root characteristics and yield at different depths under different water treatments

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