Effects of Nitrogen Application Amount and Planting Density on Dry Matter Accumulation and Flag Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics for Late-sowing Wheat in Rice-wheat Rotation

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20191204

Abstract

Abstract: In order to provide theoretical basis for high yield and high efficiency cultivation of late-sowing wheat in rice-wheat rotation, field experiments were conducted to study the effects of nitrogen rate(0, 150, 225 kg/ha) and planting density(150×10⁴, 225×10⁴, 300×10⁴ plant/ha) on flag leaf photosynthetic characteristics, dry matter accumulation and remobilization of late-sowing wheat. The results showed that both dry matter accumulation and leaf area index (LAI) increased with the raise of nitrogen rate and planting density, but the dry matter accumulation ratio decreased with the increase of planting density after jointing stage. The amount of dry matter accumulation after flowering and dry matter remobilization before flowering increased with the raise of nitrogen rate, also demonstrating the characteristic of increasing first and then decreasing with the increase of planting density. The contribution of dry matter remobilization to grain (CDMRG) under different treatments was about 40% on average, and dry matter remobilization efficiency (DMRE) was 26% on average. In addition, CDMRG and DMRE both decreased with the raise of nitrogen rate, and also showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the raise of planting density. Flag leaf net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), the maximal photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), the actual photochemical efficiency (φ_PSⅡ) and the relative chlorophyll content (SPAD value) were rising along with the increase of nitrogen rate and decreasing with the planting density raise, while intercellular CO₂ concentration (Ci) was in an opposite tendency. The yield and yield components were significantly different under different nitrogen application and planting density. Under the conditions of this experiment, when nitrogen application rate was 225 kg/ha and planting density was 225×10⁴ plant/ha, it was conducive to achieve a stable yield for late-sowing wheat, which could be used as an appropriate nitrogen-density combination mode for late-sowing wheat in rice-wheat rotation in the middle and lower plain of the Yangtze River.

Key words: Late-sowing wheat in rice-wheat rotation, Nitrogen rate, Planting density, Dry matter accumulation and remobilization, Photosynthetic characteristics of flag leaf

CLC Number:

S512.01

LI Xinxin, SHI Zuliang, WANG Jiuchen, WANG Fei, XU Zhiyu, JIANG Rongfeng. Effects of Nitrogen Application Amount and Planting Density on Dry Matter Accumulation and Flag Leaf Photosynthetic Characteristics for Late-sowing Wheat in Rice-wheat Rotation[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2020, 35(5): 140-148. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20191204.

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