Effects of Planting Density on Grain Dehydration Characteristics and Harvesting Quality of Maize Varieties

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20192603

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of planting density on grain moisture content,dehydration rate and mechanical harvesting quality of different maize varieties,to clarify the dehydration law and mechanical harvesting loss characteristics of maize grains under different densities at harvesting stage,and to provide theoretical basis for determining the appropriate mechanical grain harvesting time under dense planting mode of spring maize.Five maize varieties Zhengdan 958(ZD958),Xianyu 335(XY335),Lishou 1(LS1),Zhongnong 222(ZN222)and Zhongnong 239(ZN239)were used as experimental materials,and planting densities of 60 000,75 000 and 90 000 plants/ha were set.The effects of different density treatments on grain moisture content,dehydration rate and harvesting quality of spring maize were analyzed.The results showed that planting density significantly affected the grain water content at mature stage,and the grain water content of 90 000 plants/ha was significantly lower than that of 75 000,60 000 plants/ha,while there was no significant difference between the two low density treatments.There was a great difference in water content among different varieties,and the water content from high to low in two consecutive years were ZD958>LS1>ZN222>XY335>ZN239.Planting density had no significant effect on dehydration rate,but variety had a significant effect on dehydration rate.With the increase of planting density,the water content and fragmentation rate of seed decreased.The results showed that ZD958 and XY335 were not suitable for local mechanical harvesting,while LS1,ZN239 and ZN222 were suitable for local mechanical harvesting.The optimum density is from 75 000 to 90 000 plants/ha.

Key words: Maize, Planting density, Varieties, Harvest time, Dehydration rate, Mechanized harvest quality

LIU Yanan, LU Zhanyuan, SUN Fengcheng, ZHANG Xiangqian, ZHANG Jiaqian, BAO Eerdunga, FENG Ye, YU Yang, QIAN Defang. Effects of Planting Density on Grain Dehydration Characteristics and Harvesting Quality of Maize Varieties[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2022, 37(6): 132-141. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20192603.

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References 26

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供试品种 Tested variety	代号 Code name	来源 Source
郑单958 Zhengdan 958	ZD958	河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所
先玉335 Xianyu 335	XY335	铁岭先锋种子研究有限公司
粒收1号Lishou 1	LS1	北京联丰良种技术有限公司
中农222 Zhongnong 222	ZN222	中国农业大学
中农239 Zhongnong 239	ZN239	中国农业大学

供试品种 Tested variety	代号 Code name	来源 Source
郑单958 Zhengdan 958	ZD958	河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所
先玉335 Xianyu 335	XY335	铁岭先锋种子研究有限公司
粒收1号Lishou 1	LS1	北京联丰良种技术有限公司
中农222 Zhongnong 222	ZN222	中国农业大学
中农239 Zhongnong 239	ZN239	中国农业大学

年份 Year	品种 Variety	苗期/(月-日) Emergence data	吐丝期/ (月-日) R1	成熟期/ (月-日) R6	吐丝到成熟天数/d Days after silking to ripering	生育期/d Total growth period	有效积温/℃ TEAT (≥10 ℃)
2018	LS1	05-21	7月23日	10月5日	74	137	1 789.2
	XY335	05-21	7月21日	10月2日	73	134	1 768.6
	ZD958	05-21	7月23日	10月5日	74	137	1 789.2
	ZN222	05-21	7月21日	10月3日	74	135	1 774.7
	ZN239	05-20	7月21日	10月2日	73	135	1 768.6
2019	LS1	05-23	7月25日	10月7日	74	137	1 759.1
	XY335	05-23	7月23日	10月4日	73	134	1 751.6
	ZD958	05-23	7月26日	10月7日	73	137	1 759.1
	ZN222	05-23	7月26日	10月7日	73	137	1 759.1
	ZN239	05-22	7月23日	10月3日	72	134	1 745.4

年份 Year	品种 Variety	苗期/(月-日) Emergence data	吐丝期/ (月-日) R1	成熟期/ (月-日) R6	吐丝到成熟天数/d Days after silking to ripering	生育期/d Total growth period	有效积温/℃ TEAT (≥10 ℃)
2018	LS1	05-21	7月23日	10月5日	74	137	1 789.2
	XY335	05-21	7月21日	10月2日	73	134	1 768.6
	ZD958	05-21	7月23日	10月5日	74	137	1 789.2
	ZN222	05-21	7月21日	10月3日	74	135	1 774.7
	ZN239	05-20	7月21日	10月2日	73	135	1 768.6
2019	LS1	05-23	7月25日	10月7日	74	137	1 759.1
	XY335	05-23	7月23日	10月4日	73	134	1 751.6
	ZD958	05-23	7月26日	10月7日	73	137	1 759.1
	ZN222	05-23	7月26日	10月7日	73	137	1 759.1
	ZN239	05-22	7月23日	10月3日	72	134	1 745.4

变异来源 Source of variation	平方和 Sum of squares	自由度 Degrees of freedom	均方 Mean square	F值 F value
品种Variety(V)	5 544.365	4	1 386.091	1 272.457^**
年份Year(Y)	104.429	1	104.429	95.868^**
密度Density(D)	33.925	2	16.963	15.572^**
V × Y	208.098	4	52.024	47.759^**
V × D	27.015	8	3.377	3.100^*
Y × D	4.116	2	2.058	1.889
V × Y ×D	30.758	8	3.845	3.530
误差Error	392.149	360	1.089
总变异Total variation	346 303.906	540

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