Effects of Summer Catch Crops with Different Planting Densities on Greenhouse Soil Phosphorus Forms and Mobility

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20190616

Abstract

Abstract: Soil phosphorus accumulation in intensive greenhouse is becoming more and more serious, leading to an increase in soil phosphorus environmental risks. In order to reduce the accumulation of phosphorus in the soil of the greenhouse, this study designed three different planting densities for the short-term high biomass, deep roots of fresh waxy corn and feeding sweet sorghum in the greenhouse vegetable field leisure period. That was, waxy corn 67 500 (NY1), 105 000 (NY2), 135 000 (NY3) plants/ha, feed sweet sorghum 105 000 (TG1), 150 000 (TG2), 210 000 (TG3) plants/ha.The effects of catch crops on their phosphorus absorption, phosphorus content in greenhouse soil, and phosphatase activity were studied.The results showed that the total biomass and total phosphorus uptake of the two kinds of catch crops increased first and then decreased with the increase of planting density.In feeding sweet sorghum treatments,TG2 treatment had the highest phosphorus absorption, which was 150.03 kg/ha, and in waxy corn treatments, NY2 treatment had the highest phosphorus absorption, which was 128.80 kg/ha. Each treatment of waxy corn and TG1,TG2 treatments significantly reduced the total phosphorus content in the soil surface, which decreased by 15.2%-19.7% and 10.7%-10.9%. The treatment of different catch crops significantly reduced the water-soluble phosphorus content in the soil surface by 28.4%-41.0% and 16.2%-26.1%. NY2, NY3, TG1 and TG2 treatments had a better effect on the control of water-soluble phosphorus in the lower layer soil. In addition, the alkaline phosphatase of the treatment of waxy corn did not increase significantly at the early stage of planting broccoli, which could control the organic phosphate mineralization in the soil. TG2 treatment could reduce the water-soluble phosphorus content in the early post-stubble soil.Therefore, under the conditions of this experiment, the suitable density of waxy corn and feeding sweet sorghum in the greenhouse vegetable field were 105 000,150 000 plants/ha, NY2 treatment had a significant effect on reducing the accumulation of phosphorus in the soil and controlling the downward movement of phosphorus,TG2 was more obvious for absorbing soil phosphorus in the greenhouse.

Key words: Catch crops, Greenhouse soil, Phosphorus forms, Planting density, Soil layer migrate

CLC Number:

PEI Zhiqiang, LU Shuchang, WANG Xi, WANG Dafeng. Effects of Summer Catch Crops with Different Planting Densities on Greenhouse Soil Phosphorus Forms and Mobility[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2020, 35(2): 126-132. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20190616.

/ / Recommend / Download Citations

URL: http://www.hbnxb.net/EN/10.7668/hbnxb.20190616

http://www.hbnxb.net/EN/Y2020/V35/I2/126

References

[1] 康凌云.夏季填闲作物种植对设施菜田土壤氮素转化及淋洗的影响[D].北京:中国农业大学,2017.
Kang L Y.The influence of summer catch crop on soil nitrogen transformation and leaching in greenhouse vegetable[D].Beijing:China Agricultural University, 2017.
[2] Chen Q, Zhang X S, Zhang H Y, Christie P, Li X L, Horlacher D, Liebig H P. Evaluation of current fertilizer practice and soil fertility in vegetable production in the Beijing region[J]. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems,2004, 69(1):51-58. doi:10.1023/b:fres.0000025293.99199.
ff.
[3] 谭德水,江丽华,谭淑樱,徐钰,魏建林,刘兆辉.基于减少土壤硝态氮淋失的作物搭配种植模式研究进展[J].中国生态农业学报,2014,22(2):136-142. doi:10.3724/SP.J.1011.2014.30589.
Tan D S,Jiang L H,Tan S Y,Xu Y,Wei J L,Liu Z H.Research progress on collocation planting of crops for decreasing the loss of soil nitrate nitrogen through leaching[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2014,22(2):136-142.
[4] 石宁,李彦,井永苹,薄录吉,张英鹏,孙明,仲子文.长期施肥对设施菜田土壤氮、磷时空变化及流失风险的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(11):2434-2442. doi:10.11654/jaes.2018-1065.
Shi N,Li Y,Jing Y P,Bo L J,Zhang Y P,Sun M,Zhong Z W.Effects of long-term fertilization on spatio-temporal changes and risk of nitrogen and phosphorus loss in intensive vegetable production system soil[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2018,37(11):2434-2442.
[5] Sims J T,Simard R R,Joern B C.Phosphorus loss in agricultural drainage:historical perspective and current research[J]. Journal of Environmental Quality,1998,27(2):277-293. doi:10.2134/jeq1998.00472425002700020006x.
[6] Dejager P C,Claassens A S.Long-term phosphorus desorption kinetics of an acid sand clay soil from Mpumalanga,South Africa[J]. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 2005,36(1-3):309-319. doi:10.1081/css-200043085.
[7] 章明奎,王丽平.旱耕地土壤磷垂直迁移机理的研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2007,26(1):282-285. doi:10.3321/j.issn:1672-2043.2007.01.056.
Zhang M K,Wang L P.Study on mechanisms of phosphorus downward transfer in arable soils[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science,2007,26(1):282-285.
[8] 项大力,杨学云,孙本华,张树兰,古巧珍.灌溉水平对土塿磷素淋失的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2010,16(1):112-117. doi:10.11674/zwyf.2010.0116.
Xiang D L,Yang X Y,Sun B H,Zhang S L,Gu Q Z.Impacts of irrigation regimes onphosphorus leaching in manuralloessial soil[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers,2010,16(1):112-117.
[9] 吴萍萍,刘金剑,周毅,谢小立,沈其荣,郭世伟.长期不同施肥制度对红壤稻田肥料利用率的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2008,14(2):277-283. doi:10.11674/zwyf.2008.0212.
Wu P P,Liu J J,Zhou Y,Xie X L,Shen Q R,Guo S W.Effects of different long term fertilizing systems on fertilizer use efficiency in red paddy soil[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Sciences,2008,14(2):277-283.
[10] Masood T,Gul R,Munsif F,Jalal F.Effect of different phosphorus levels on the yield and yield components of maize[J]. Sarhad Journal Agriculture,2011,27(2):167-170.
[11] 王芝义.填闲作物种植减少设施菜地土壤氮素淋洗及其机制研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2011.
Wang Z Y.Effects and mechanisms of different summer catch crops planting on soil nitrogen leaching in greenhouse vegetable cropping system[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2011.
[12] 刘晶淼,安顺清,廖荣伟,任三学,梁宏.玉米根系在土壤剖面中的分布研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2009,17(3):517-521. doi:10. 3724/SP.J.1011.2009.00517.
Liu J M,An S Q,Liao R W,Ren S X,Liang H.Temporal variation and spatial distribution of the root system of corn in a soil profile[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2009,17(3):517-521.
[13] 天津市统计局. 国家统计局天津调查总队.天津统计年鉴(2009-2016年)[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2010-2017.
Tianjin Municipal Bureau of Statistics. Tianjin Survey Team of National Bureau of Statistics. Tianjin statistical yearbook(2009-2016)[M].Beijing:China Statistics Press,2010-2017.
[14] 卢树昌,陈清,张福锁,贾文竹.河北果园主分布区土壤磷素投入特点及磷负荷风险分析[J].中国农业科学,2008,41(10):3149-3157. doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2008.10.031.
Lu S C,Chen Q,Zhang F S,Jia W Z.Characteristics of soil phosphorus input and phosphorus load risk in major orchards region orchard of Hebei[J]. Science Agricultural Sinica,2008,41(10):3149-3157.
[15] 裴志强,卢树昌,侯琨,张宇,王素君.基于不同夏填闲作物及种植密度的设施土壤磷素吸收与淋失阻控研究[J].环境污染与防治,2019,41(4):398-401. doi:10.15985/j.cnki.1001-3865. 2019.04.005.
Pei Z Q,Lu S C,Hou K,Zhang Y,Wang S J.Study on greenhouse soil phosphorus uptake and leaching control of different summer catch crops with different planting density[J]. Environmental Pollution and Control,2019,41(4):398-401.
[16] 李勇军,曹庆军,拉民,王成双,罗利红,王洪预,崔金虎,王一鸣.不同耕作处理对土壤酶活性的影响[J].玉米科学,2012,20(3):111-114. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1005-0906.2012.03.023.
Li Y J,Cao Q J,La M,Wang C S,Luo L H,Wang H Y,Cui J H,Wang Y M.Effects of different tillage practices on soil enzyme activities[J]. Journal of Maize Sciences,2012,20(3):111-114.
[17] Paul E A.Soil microbiology,ecology and biochemistry[M].Pittsburgh:Academic Press,2014.
[18] 余松烈.作物栽培学[M].北京:农业出版社,1982.
Yu S L.Principle and techniqueof crop production[M].Beijing:Agricultural Publishing House, 1982.
[19] 戴志刚.秸秆养分释放规律及秸秆还田对作物产量和土壤肥力的影响[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2009. doi:10.7666/d.y1598123.
Dai Z G.Study on the release of straw nutrient and the effect of straw returning on crop yield and soil fertility[D].Wuhan:Huazhong Agricultural University,2009.
[20] 耿玉清,白翠霞,赵广亮,余新晓,姚永刚,秦永胜.土壤磷酸酶活性及其与有机磷组分的相关性[J].北京林业大学学报,2008,30(S2):139-143. doi:10.13332/j.1000-1522.2008.
s2.028.
Geng Y Q, Bai C X, Zhao G L, Yu X X, Yao Y G, Qin Y S.Soil phosphatase activity and its correlation with composition of organic phosphorus[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University,2008,30(S2):139-143.
[21] Gianfreda L,Ruggiero P,Nannipieri P,Smalla K.Enzyme activities in soil[M]//Nucleic Acids and Proteins in Soil.Berlin:Springer-Verlag,2006:257-265.
[22] 佟屏亚,程延年.玉米密度与产量因素关系的研究[J].北京农业科学,1995,13(1):23-25.
Tong P Y, Cheng Y N.Study on the relationship between corn density and yield factors[J]. Beijing Agricultural Sciences,1995,13(1):23-25.
[23] 杨楠,丁玉川,焦晓燕,王劲松,董二伟,王立革,武萍.种植密度对高粱群体生理指标、产量及其构成因素的影响[J].农学学报,2013,3(7):11-17. doi:10.3969/j.issn. 1007-7774.2013.07.004.
Yang N, Ding Y C, Jiao X Y,Wang J S,Dong E W,Wang L G,Wu P.Effects of plant density on physiological indices,grain yield and yield component factors of sorghum[J]. Journal of Agronomy,2013,3(7):11-17.
[24] 于永静,郭兴强,谢光辉,杨树军,牛灵安,吕润海.不同行株距种植对甜高粱生物量和茎秆汁液锤度的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2009,14(5):35-39. doi:10.3321/j.issn:1007-4333.2009.05.005.
Yu Y J,Guo X Q,Xie G H,Yang S J,Niu L A,Lü R H. Effects of plant and row spacing on biomass and brix of stem juice of sweet sorghum[J]. Journal of China Agricultural University,2009,14(5):35-39.
[25] 王艳秋,邹剑秋,张志鹏,朱凯,张飞.密度及氮、磷、钾配比对甜高粱生物产量和茎秆含糖锤度的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2012,17(6):103-110.
Wang Y Q, Zou J Q, Zhang Z P, Zhu K,Zhang F.Effects of sweet sorghum biomass and stalk content of different density and fertilizer combination[J]. Journal of China Agricultural University,2012,17(6):103-110.
[26] Chen H J.Phosphatase activity and P fractions in soils of an 18-year-old Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantation[J]. Forest Ecology and Management,2003,178(3):301-310. doi:10.1016/S0378-1127(02)00478-4.
[27] Allisom S D,Gartner T B.Soil enzymes:linking proteomics and ecological process[J]. Manual of Environmental Microbiology,2007,418(3):704-711.
[28] 雷学军,吴毅,黄馨,蔡建波,李卓,吴林世.甜高粱根际溶磷菌溶磷能力及菌株特性研究[J].草业学报,2014, 23(6):274-278. doi:10.11686/cyxb20140633.
Lei X J,Wu Y,Huang X,Cai J B,Li Z,Wu L S.Phosphate dissolving capability and the affect of phosphate-dissolving bacteria in the rhizosphere on Sorghum bicolor[J]. Journal of Grass Industry,2014, 23(6):274-278.

Please choose a citation manager

Content to export