Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Density on Yield and Quality of Fresh Edible Type Sweetpotato

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20190278

Abstract

Abstract: In order to investigate the relationship of nitrogen fertilizer(N) and planting density(D) with the yield, quality and starch pasting properties of fresh edible sweetpotato, the field experiments were carried out in 2017 and 2018 using Xushu 32 and Xuzishu 5 as the research subjects, and setting three nitrogen fertilizer levels and five planting densities. The results showed that:The storage root yield of the two varieties decreased with the increase of nitrogen application, while first decreased and then increased with the increase of density. In general, the maximum storage root yield came from the treatment of N0(0 kg/ha) nitrogen level and D1(43 785 plant/ha) density level; Nitrogen application reduced the dry matter rate and significantly increased the protein content in the two sweetpotato varieties. With the increase of planting density, the dry matter rate, starch content and protein content of the two cultivars generally increased first and then decreased. The reduced sugar showed a downward trend, while the soluble sugar content fluctuated, which was the lowest at D3 level; On the whole, the peak viscosity, hot paste viscosity and breakdown value of starch in the two varieties were significantly reduced and the setback value was significantly increased, resulting in the decline of cooking and eating quality. The peak viscosity, hot paste viscosity, breakdown value and cool paste viscosity fluctuated with the increase of density; the maximum values were from the D3 level for Xushu 32, and from the D2 level for Xuzishu 5. The effects of nitrogen application and planting density on RVA spectrum of sweetpotato starch were different among varieties and characteristics. Based on the results of this experiment, applying a large amount of nitrogen to a plot with high soil fertility reduced the storage root yield of sweetpotato, and negatively affected the nutritional quality and edible quality. At the density level of 43 785 plants/ha, the storage root yield was the highest. However, proper increase of density was beneficial to the improvement of nutritional quality, cooking quality and eating quality.

Key words: Sweetpotato, Nitrogen fertilizer, Planting density, Yield, Nutritional quality, Pasting property

CLC Number:

S531
S143.1

LIU Ming, LI Hongmin, ZHANG Aijun, CHEN Xiaoguang, JIN Rong, JIANG Wei, TANG Zhonghou. Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer and Density on Yield and Quality of Fresh Edible Type Sweetpotato[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2020, 35(1): 122-130. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20190278.

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