Effects of Organic Matter on Nitrogen Mineralizing and Microenvironment in Corn Straw Fermentation

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20190852

Abstract

Abstract: In view of the problems of excessive fertilization and low nitrogen utilization rate in the soil of solar greenhouse, which hindering the sustainable utilization of the soil, as well as the low temperature of soil and low CO₂ in winter production, which limiting crop yield and quality. The mixture of corn straw and different organic compounds was used as bioreactor material to study the heat, CO₂ emission and nitrogen mineralization rate during fermentation. The experimental results showed that the contents of NO₃^--N and NH₄⁺-N in R (residual livestock organic matter+corn straw) and S (sheep manure+corn straw) were significantly high than those in CK (soil+corn straw, control), and with the extension of fermentation time, the contents of NO₃^--N showed an increasing trend, while the contents of NH₄⁺-N revealed a decreasing trend. Within 15 d of fermentation, the content of NO₃^--N in D (cow+manure+corn straw) was significantly higher than that in CK, while the content of NH₄⁺-N was significantly higher than that of CK during 15-20 d of fermentation. The content of NO₃^--N in C (chicken manure+corn straw) was significantly lower than that of CK in the late fermentation period (20 d), and the content of NH₄⁺-N had no significant change compared with CK in the whole fermentation period. The total nitrogen mineralization rate was R > S > D > CK > C. The addition of different types of organic fertilizers in corn straw made the accumulated temperature and the amount of CO₂ emissions were significantly higher than CK after fermentation. Therefore, residual livestock organic matter+corn straw was regarded as the best combination of organic matter. By changing the ratio of organic matter in the reactor and adding organic matter with high nitrogen content to increase the nitrogen source concentration of the fermentation system, the process of nitrogen mineralization in the reactants could be accelerated, the temperature accumulation and the cumulative CO₂ emissions could be increased, which was of great significance for the production of solar greenhouse in winter.

Key words: Corn straw, Organic matter, Biological reactor, Nitrogen mineralization rate, Temperature, CO₂

CLC Number:

SUN Xiaohua, LI Xiaojing, LIU Jiecai, SUN Jing, ZHANG Zhiwei. Effects of Organic Matter on Nitrogen Mineralizing and Microenvironment in Corn Straw Fermentation[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2020, 35(3): 119-125. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20190852.

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