Effects of Different Water and Nitrogen Treatments on Potato Yield, Quality and Soil Nitrate Nitrogen Transport under Drip Irrigation

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.201751736

Abstract

Abstract: In order to investigate the effects of different water and nitrogen treatments on potato tuber yield, quality and soil nitrate nitrogen transport in drip irrigation under plastic mulch, a two-factor and three-level complete randomized block design was adopted. Three irrigation treatments(450, 900, 1 350 m³/ha) and three nitrogen treatments(150, 225, 300 kg/ha) were set up respectively, and nine combinations of water and nitrogen were obtained. The yield, commodity, vitamin C, starch, soluble protein, soluble sugar and nitrate content of potato at harvest time, and the nitrate content at different growth stages and in soil layers were measured. The results showed that the yield and commodity rate of potatoes showed a parabolic trend with the increase of nitrogen application and irrigation amount, and reached the maximum of 35 299.9 kg/ha and 77.9%, respectively, at 225 kg/ha N and 900 m³/ha water. Under the same irrigation amount, with the increase of nitrogen application amount, Vc, nitrate content and tuber nitrogen uptake increased significantly. Under the same nitrogen application amount, nitrate content and partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer decreased significantly with the increase of irrigation amount. At the same time, soluble protein, tuber nitrogen uptake and nitrogen harvest index showed a parabolic trend, and there were significant differences among irrigation treatments. Nitrate nitrogen content in surface soil (0-20 cm) was the highest at all growth stages, and decreased in the 0-100 cm profile. The seedling stage and tuber formation stage of potatoes were the main periods for NO^-₃-N migration to the lower soil layer. Therefore, the nitrogen application rate for potato planting in drip irrigation with film mulching under facilities should be controlled at 225 kg/ha, 900 m³/ha.

Key words: Potato, Drip irrigation, Yield, Quality, Nitrate nitrogen transport

CLC Number:

S532
S143.1

SHANG Meixin, FANG Zengguo, LIANG Bin, WANG Meng, LI Junliang. Effects of Different Water and Nitrogen Treatments on Potato Yield, Quality and Soil Nitrate Nitrogen Transport under Drip Irrigation[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2019, 34(6): 118-125. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.201751736.

/ / Recommend / Download Citations

URL: http://www.hbnxb.net/EN/10.7668/hbnxb.201751736

http://www.hbnxb.net/EN/Y2019/V34/I6/118

References

[1] 吴晓红,曾路生,李俊良,房增国,梁斌,魏福龙.膜下滴灌不同施肥处理对马铃薯产量和品质及肥料利用率的影响[J].华北农学报,2016,31(5):193-198. doi:10.7668/hbnxb.2016.05.029.
Wu X H, Zeng L S, Li J L, Fang Z G, Liang B, Wei F L. Effects of different fertilizer treatments on yield, quality and fertilizer utilization ratio of potato under mulching drip irrigation conditions[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2016, 31(5):193-198.
[2] 薛道信,张恒嘉,巴玉春,王玉才,王世杰.调亏灌溉对荒漠绿洲膜下滴灌马铃薯生长、产量及水分利用的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2018,36(4):109-116,132. doi:10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2018.04.16.
Xue D X, Zhang H J, Ba Y C, Wang Y C, Wang S J. Effects of regulated deficit irrigation on growth, yield and water use of potato under mulched drip irrigation in desert oasis region[J]. Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas, 2018, 36(4):109-116,132.
[3] 邢海峰,石晓华,杨海鹰,樊明寿.磷肥分次滴灌施用提高马铃薯群体磷素吸收及磷利用率的作用[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2015,21(4):987-992. doi:10.11674/zwyf.2015.0418.
Xing H F, Shi X H, Yang H Y, Fan M S. Increase effect of phosphorus absorption of potato population and utilization effeciency by multiple application of phosphate fertilizer with drip irrigation[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2015,21(4):987-992.
[4] 李树超,吴龙华,李亚俊,丁慧媛.山东省马铃薯产业发展现状及推进对策研究[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(8):280-285. doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb14110086.
Li S C, Wu L H, Li Y J, Ding H Y. The current situation and countermeasures of potato industry development in Shandong Province[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2015, 31(8):280-285.
[5] Lentz R D, Lehrsch G A. Mineral fertilizer and manure effects on leached inorganic nitrogen, nitrate isotopic composition, phosphorus, and dissolved organic carbon under furrow irrigation[J]. Journal of environmental quality, 2018, 47(2):287-296. doi:10.2134/jeq2017.09.0384.
[6] 薛亮,马忠明,杜少平.水氮耦合对绿洲灌区土壤硝态氮运移及甜瓜氮素吸收的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2014,20(1):139-147.doi:10.11674/zwyf.2014.0115.
Xue L, Ma Z M, Du S P. Effect of water and nitrogen coupling on soil nitrate movement and nitrogen uptake of muskmelon[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2014, 20(1):139-147.
[7] 臧文静,李晶晶,裴沙沙,黎耀军,严海军.不同喷灌水氮组合对马铃薯耗水、产量和品质的影响[J].排灌机械工程学报,2018,36(8):773-778. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8530.18.1216.
Zang W J, Li J J, Pei S S, Li Y J, Yan H J. Effects of different water-nitrogen combinations on potato water consumption, yield and quality under sprinkler irrigation[J]. Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engin-eering, 2018, 36(8):773-778.
[8] 郭鹏飞,张筱茜,韩文,张坤,刁明.不同滴灌频率和施氮量对西葫芦生长发育的影响[J].北方园艺,2018(7):1-8. doi:10.11937/bfyy.20173352.
Guo P F, Zhang X Q, Han W, Zhang K, Diao M, Effects of different drip-irrigation frequency and amount of nitrogen on growth and development of greenhouse squash[J].Northern Horticulture,2018(7):1-8.
[9] 张君.阴山北麓马铃薯水氮耦合效应及合理利用机制研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2018.
Zhang J. The coupling effects of water and fertilizer and its rational utilization mechanism on potato in the northern foot of Yinshan mountain[D].Beijing:China Agricultural University, 2018.
[10] 朱继荣,祝鹏飞,束良佐.连续流动分析法测定土壤硝态氮实验综述报告[J].科技视界,2019(13):77-78. doi:10.19694/j.cnki.issn2095-2457.2019.13.035.
Zhu J R, Zhu P F, Shu L Z. Overview of a comprehensive experiment of determining soil nitrate nitrogen by continuous flow analysis[J]. Science&Technology Vision, 2019(13):77-78.
[11] 鲍士旦.土壤农化分析[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2009:359-362.
Bao S D. Soil agricultural chemistry analysis[M]. Bei jing:China Agricultural Press, 2009:359-362.
[12] 张治安,张美善,蔚荣海.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社, 2004.
Zhang Z A, Zhang M S, Wei R H. Experimental guidance for plant physiology[M].Beijing:China Agricultural Science and Technology Publishing House,2004.
[13] Bélanger G, Walsh J R, Richards J E, Milburn P H, Ziadi N. Nitrogen fertilization and irrigation affects tuber characteristics of two potato cultivars[J]. American Journal of Potato Research, 2002, 79(4):269-279. doi:10.1007/BF02986360.
[14] Ekelöf J, Guamán V, Jensen E S, Persson P. Inter-row subsoiling and irrigation increase starch potato yield, phosphorus use efficiency and quality parameters[J]. Potato Research, 2015, 58(1):15-27. doi:10.1007/s11540-014-9261-5.
[15] 高锋.水氮耦合对膜下滴灌马铃薯土壤水氮运移及产量品质的影响[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2017.
Gao F. Effects of water and nitrogen coupling on nitrogen migration and yield quality of soil water in potato soil under the membrane[D]. Hohhot:Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2017.
[16] 宋娜,王凤新,杨晨飞,杨开静.水氮耦合对膜下滴灌马铃薯产量、品质及水分利用的影响[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(13):98-105. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2013.13.014
Song N, Wang F X, Yang C F, Yang K J. Coupling effects of water and nitrogen on yield, quality and water use of potato with drip irrigation under plastic film mulch[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2013,29(13):98-105.
[17] 刘云,吴金全,严琦,梁志奇,石铭福,秦舒浩.氮素营养对马铃薯产量形成特性及品质的影响[J].蔬菜,2017(9):20-24. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-8336.2017.09.006.
Liu Y, Wu J Q,Yan Q, Liang Z Q, Shi M F, Qin S H. Effects of nitrogen nutrition on yield characteristics and quality of potato[J].Vegetables,2017(9):20-24.
[18] 李井会.不同氮肥运筹下马铃薯氮素利用特性及营养诊断的研究[D].长春:吉林农业大学,2006. doi:10.7666/d.y932503.
Li J H. Characteristics of nitrogen utilization under different nitrogen strategies and nitrogen diaganosis in potato[D].Changchun:Jilin Agricultural University,2006.
[19] 韩文锋,金光辉.不同滴灌量对马铃薯产量及品质的影响[J].中国马铃薯,2010,24(5):263-266. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-3635.2010.05.002.
Han W F, Jin G H. Effects of different drip irrigation modes on yield and quality of potato[J].Chinese Potato Journal,2010,24(5):263-266.
[20] 井涛,樊明寿,周登博,秦永林,石晓华.滴灌施氮对高垄覆膜马铃薯产量、氮素吸收及土壤硝态氮累积的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2012,18(3):654-661. doi:10.11674/zwyf.2012.11329.
Jing T, Fan M S, Zhou D B, Qin Y L, Shi X H. Effects of nitrogen fertilization on potato tuber yield, N uptake and soil NO₃-N accumulation under plastic cover with drip irrigation[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2012, 20(3):654-661.
[21] 张福锁,王激清,张卫峰,崔振岭,马文奇,陈新平,江荣风.中国主要粮食作物肥料利用率现状与提高途径[J].土壤学报,2008,45(5):915-924. doi:10.3321/j.issn:0564-3929.2008.05.018.
Zhang F S, Wang J Q, Zhang W F, Cui Z L, Ma W Q, Chen X P, Jiang R F, Nutrient use efficiencies of major cereal crops in China and measures for improvement[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,2008,45(5):915-924,
[22] 张富仓,高月,焦婉如,胡文慧.水肥供应对榆林沙土马铃薯生长和水肥利用效率的影响[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(3):270-278. doi:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.03.034.
Zhang F C, Gao Y, Jiao W R, Hu W H. Effects of water and fertilizer supply on growth, water and nutrient use efficiencies of potato in sandy soil of Yulin area[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(3):270-278.
[23] 张忠学,陈鹏,聂堂哲,姜浩,孟翔燕,杨军明.不同水氮调控模式对稻田土壤氮素分布与有效性的影响[J].农业机械学报,2018,49(11):210-219. doi:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.11.025.
Zhang Z X, Chen P, Nie T Z, Jiang H, Meng X Y, Yang J M. Effects of different water and nitrogen regulation models on nitrogen distribution and availability in paddy soils[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2018, 49(11):210-219.
[24] Gu L M, Liu T N, Zhao J, Dong S T, Liu P, Zhang J M, Zhao B. Nitrate leaching of winter wheat grown in lysimeters as affected by fertilizers and irrigation on the North China Plain[J]. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2015, 14(2):374-388. doi:10.1016/S2095-3119(14)60747-4.
[25] 谷晓博,李援农,黄鹏,杜娅丹,陈朋朋,方恒.水氮互作对冬油菜氮素吸收和土壤硝态氮分布的影响[J].中国农业科学,2018,51(7):1283-1293. doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2018.07.006.
Gu X B, Li Y N, Huang P, Du Y D, Chen P P, Fang H. Effects of irrigation and nitrogen coupling on nitrogen absorption and soil nitrate content of winter oilseed rape[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2018, 51(7):1283-1293.
[26] 梁运江,依艳丽,许广波,张爽,尹英敏.水肥耦合效应对保护地土壤硝态氮运移的影响[J].农村生态环境,2004,20(3):32-36. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-4831.2004.03.008.
Liang Y J, Yi Y L, Xu G B, Zhang S, Yi Y M. Coupling effects of water and fertilizers on translocation of nitrate nitrogen in protected land[J]. Rural Eco-environment, 2004, 20(3):32-36.

Please choose a citation manager

Content to export